2 247 875(13) C2

ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß
(19)
RU
(51)
ÌÏÊ 7
(11)
(13)
2 247 875
C2
F 15 B 15/10
ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ
ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ,
ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ
(12)
ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ
(21), (22) Çà âêà: 2002116320/06, 17.06.2002
(72) Àâòîð(û):
Ìàðòè À.Í. (RU)
(24) Äàòà íà÷àëà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 17.06.2003
(73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(ëè):
Ìàðòè Àëåêñàíäð Íèêîëàåâè÷ (RU)
(43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 20.12.2003
R U
(45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 10.03.2005 Áþë. ¹ 7
2 2 4 7 8 7 5
R U
(54) ÌÅÕÀÍÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÌÛØÖÀ
(57) Ðåôåðàò:
Ìåõàíè÷åñêà ìûøöà ïðåäíàçíà÷åíà äë ïðåîáðàçîâàíè âíóòðåííåé
ýíåðãèè
ýíåðãîíîñèòåë â ìåõàíè÷åñêîå äâèæåíèå
òåõíè÷åñêèõ îáúåêòîâ ñ èçìåí þùèìèñ èíåðöèîííûìè ïàðàìåòðàìè. Ìåõàíè÷åñêà ìûøöà
ñîäåðæèò
ïðèñîåäèíèòåëüíûå
ýëåìåíòû
è
çàïîëíåííóþ
ýíåðãîíîñèòåëåì
ýëàñòè÷íóþ
îáîëî÷êó, âûïîëíåííóþ ñ àðìèðîâàíèåì â
ïîïåðå÷íîì è ïðîäîëüíîì íàïðàâëåíèè ãèáêèìè
íåðàñò æèìûìè íèò ìè, ïðè÷åì àðìèðîâàíèå
îáîëî÷êè â ïðîäîëüíîì íàïðàâëåíèè âûïîëíåíî ñ
øàãîì,
îáåñïå÷èâàþùèì
ïîïåðå÷íîå
äåôîðìèðîâàíèå
îáîëî÷êè
áåç
ïîòåðè
ãåðìåòè÷íîñòè, à àðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè â
ïîïåðå÷íîì íàïðàâëåíèè âûïîëíåíî ñ øàãîì,
âûáðàííûì èç óñëîâè îáåñïå÷åíè ìàêñèìàëüíîãî
óêîðî÷åíè îáîëî÷êè ïðè îäíîâðåìåííîì ñíèæåíèè
ïîïåðå÷íîãî ðàçìåðà, ðàñõîäà ýíåðãîíîñèòåë è
ïîâûøåíè áûñòðîäåéñòâè , ïðè ýòîì ïðîäîëüíîå
àðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè âûïîëíåíî ïîñëîéíûì,
ïðè÷åì
ðàçãðóçî÷íî-àíòèôðèêöèîííûé
ñëîé
âûïîëíåí
èç
íåïðåðûâíûõ,
âçàèìíî
ïåðåêðåùåííûõ
íèòåé,
âèíòîâûì
îáðàçîì
óëîæåííûõ íà ïîâåðõíîñòè îáîëî÷êè, ïðè÷åì øàã
âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ðàâåí
ïðåäûäóùåìó, íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè
íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ïðîòèâîïîëîæíî
ïðåäûäóùåìó, íèòè ñëîåâ íå ñâ çàíû ìåæäó ñîáîé
è îáðàçóþò ìåæñëîéíûå ðîìáè÷åñêèå ÷åéêè,
äèàãîíàëè êîòîðûõ ñîèçìåðèìû ñ âåëè÷èíîé
äåôîðìàöèè îáîëî÷êè â îñåâîì è äèàìåòðàëüíîì
íàïðàâëåíèè ïîä ðîìáè÷åñêîé ÷åéêîé, ïðè ýòîì
íèòè ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ñìåùåíû îòíîñèòåëüíî
íèòåé ïðåäûäóùåãî ñëî , èìåþùåãî òî æå
íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè, ïðè÷åì íèòè
êàæäîãî ñëî çàôèêñèðîâàíû îòíîñèòåëüíî
àäàïòåðîâ ìûøöû, îòäåëüíî îò îáîëî÷êè, à äëèíà
îñåâîé ïðîåêöèè íèòåé ïðåâûøàåò äëèíó îáîëî÷êè,
ñèëîâîé
ñëîé
âûïîëíåí
èç
ïðîäîëüíî
îðèåíòèðîâàííûõ
íèòåé,
çàôèêñèðîâàííûõ
îòíîñèòåëüíî àäàïòåðîâ ìûøöû, îòäåëüíî îò
îáîëî÷êè, ïðè ýòîì àäàïòåðû ìåõàíè÷åñêîé ìûøöû
ñîäåðæàò äâå ñîîñíûå ïîâåðõíîñòè äë ðàçäåëüíîãî êðåïëåíè îáîëî÷êè è íèòåé
àðìèðîâàíè , ïðè÷åì ïîâåðõíîñòè ðàçäåëåíû
êîëüöåâûì
ïðèëèâîì,
âûñîòà
êîòîðîãî
îòíîñèòåëüíî ïîâåðõíîñòè äë êðåïëåíè îáîëî÷êè
ñîîòâåòñòâóåò òîëùèíå ýëàñòè÷íîé îáîëî÷êè, à
ñàìè àäàïòåðû, ëèáî èõ âíåøí ïîâåðõíîñòü
âûïîëíåíû èç ýëåêòðîèçîë öèîííîãî ìàòåðèàëà è
ñîäåðæàò äàò÷èêè äàâëåíè ðàáî÷åãî òåëà è
âçàèìíîãî ïåðåìåùåíè àäàïòåðîâ. Êðîìå òîãî,
çàùèòíî-äåêîðàòèâíûé ñëîé ìîæåò áûòü âûïîëíåí
èç íåïðåðûâíûõ íèòåé, âèíòîâûì îáðàçîì
óëîæåííûõ íà ïîâåðõíîñòè ìûøöû, ïðè÷åì øàã
âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ðàâåí
ïðåäûäóùåìó, íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè
Ñòðàíèöà: 1
RU
C 2
C 2
Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè:
355020, ã.Ñòàâðîïîëü, óë. Îáúåçäíà , 5-"Á",
êâ.12, À.Í. Ìàðòè
2 2 4 7 8 7 5
(56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î
ïîèñêå: RU 2137950 C1, 20.09.1999. SU 1622659
A1, 23.01.1991. ÅÐ 0146261 À1, 26.05.1985. ÅÐ
0161750 À1, 21.11.1985. ÅÐ 0209828 À2,
28.01.1987.
íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ïðîòèâîïîëîæíî
ïðåäûäóùåìó, íèòè ñëîåâ íå ñâ çàíû ìåæäó ñîáîé
è îáðàçóþò ìåæñëîéíûå ðîìáè÷åñêèå ÷åéêè, ïðè
ýòîì íèòè ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ñìåùåíû
îòíîñèòåëüíî íèòåé ïðåäûäóùåãî ñëî , èìåþùåãî
òî æå íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè, ïðè÷åì
íèòè êàæäîãî ñëî çàôèêñèðîâàíû îòíîñèòåëüíî
àäàïòåðîâ ìûøöû, îòäåëüíî îò îáîëî÷êè.
Òåõíè÷åñêèé ðåçóëüòàò - ïîâûøåíèå íàäåæíîñòè. 1
ç.ï. ô-ëû.
R U
R U
2 2 4 7 8 7 5
C 2
C 2
2 2 4 7 8 7 5
Ñòðàíèöà: 2
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
(19)
RU
(51) Int.
Cl. 7
(11)
(13)
2 247 875
C2
F 15 B 15/10
FEDERAL SERVICE
FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY,
PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS
(12)
ABSTRACT OF INVENTION
(21), (22) Application: 2002116320/06, 17.06.2002
(72) Inventor(s):
Marti A.N. (RU)
(24) Effective date for property rights: 17.06.2003
(73) Proprietor(s):
Marti Aleksandr Nikolaevich (RU)
(43) Application published: 20.12.2003
R U
(45) Date of publication: 10.03.2005 Bull. 7
2 2 4 7 8 7 5
R U
previous layer having the same direction of a step of
the helical laying. The filaments of each layer are
fixed concerning to adapters of the muscle separately
from the shell and the length of an axial projection
of the filaments exceeds the length of the shell, the
energy layer is made out of the longitudinally
oriented filaments fixed in respect to the adapters
of the muscle and separately from the shell. At that
the adapters of the mechanic muscle contain two
coaxial surfaces for a separate fixation of the shell
and the reinforcing filaments. At that the surfaces
are partitioned by a ring-type boss, the height of
which concerning to a surface for fixation of the
shell corresponds to the thickness of the elastic
shell. The adapters themselves or their external
surface are made out of an electrical insulating
material and contain gauges to control the working
medium pressure and mutual motion of the adapters.
Besides a decorative protective layer may be made out
of the continuous filaments helically laid on the
surface of the muscle. At that a step of a helical
laying of the filaments of the next layer is equal to
the previous step and direction of the step of the
helical laying of the filaments of the next layer is
counter-directional to the previous one. The
filaments of the layers are not connected to each
other and form the inter-layer rhombic cells. At that
the filaments of a next layer are shifted to the
filaments of the previous layer having the same
direction of the step of the helical laying. And the
filaments of each layer are fixed concerning to the
adapters of the muscle and separately from the shell.
The technical result is increased reliability.
EFFECT: the invention ensures an increase of
reliability of operation of the mechanical muscle.
Ñòðàíèöà: 3
EN
C 2
(54) MECHANICAL MUSCLE
(57) Abstract:
FIELD: devices for transformation of intrinsic
energy of an energy carrier into mechanic motion of
technical objects.
SUBSTANCE: the invention presents a mechanic
muscle intended for transformation of intrinsic
energy of an energy carrier into mechanic motion of
technical objects with variable inertial parameters.
The mechanic muscle contains some connecting
elements and a filled in with energy carrier elastic
shell reinforced in transversal and longitudinal
directions by flexible non-expandable filaments. At
that reinforcement in the longitudinal direction is
made with a step ensuring a transversal deformation
of the shell without a loss of leakproofness and
reinforcement of the shell in the transversal
direction is made with a step selected from
conditions of provision of maximum shortening of an
shell at simultaneous decrease of its transversal
size, consumption of the energy carrier and increased
response
speed.
At
that
the
longitudinal
reinforcement of the elastic shell is made
layer-by-layer. And the discharge-antifriction layer
is made out of continuous mutually crossing filaments
helically laid on the shell surface. At that a step
of the helical laying of the filaments of a next
layer is equal to the previous one. Direction of a
helical laying of the filaments of the next layer is
a counter-directional to a previous one. Filaments of
the layers are not linked among themselves and from
interlayer rhombic cells, which diagonals are
commensurable with value of deformation of the shell
in an axial and in diametrical directions under a
rhombic cell. At that the filaments of the next layer
are shifted concerning to the filaments of the
2 2 4 7 8 7 5
C 2
Mail address:
355020, g.Stavropol', ul. Ob"ezdnaja, 5-"B", kv.12,
A.N. Marti
C 2
C 2
2 2 4 7 8 7 5
2 2 4 7 8 7 5
R U
R U
2 cl
Ñòðàíèöà: 4
RU 2 247 875 C2
5
10
15
20
25
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35
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45
50
Èçîáðåòåíèå îòíîñèòñ ê óïðàâë åìûì ïðèâîäàì è ïðåäíàçíà÷åíî äë ïðåîáðàçîâàíè âíóòðåííåé ýíåðãèè ýíåðãîíîñèòåë â ìåõàíè÷åñêîå äâèæåíèå òåõíè÷åñêèõ îáúåêòîâ ñ
èçìåí þùèìèñ èíåðöèîííûìè ïàðàìåòðàìè.
Èçâåñòåí èñïîëíèòåëüíûé ìåõàíèçì îñåâîãî ñæàòè , ñîäåðæàùèé çàïîëíåííóþ
ýíåðãîíîñèòåëåì ýëàñòè÷íóþ îáîëî÷êó, âûïîëíåííóþ ñ àðìèðîâàíèåì. ÅÐ 0146261 A1
(KUKOLI MIRKO), 26.05.85.
Íåäîñòàòêîì äàííîãî óñòðîéñòâà âë åòñ îòñóòñòâèå ïîïåðå÷íîãî àðìèðîâàíè â âèäå
ãèáêèõ íåðàñò æèìûõ íèòåé.
Èçâåñòíà ìåõàíè÷åñêà ìûøöà, ñîäåðæàùà çàïîëíåííóþ ýíåðãîíîñèòåëåì ýëàñòè÷íóþ
îáîëî÷êó, âûïîëíåííóþ ñ àðìèðîâàíèåì â ïîïåðå÷íîì íàïðàâëåíèè, ïàðàëëåëüíî
îðèåíòèðîâàííûìè â ýòîì íàïðàâëåíèè ýëåìåíòàìè. SU 1622659 A1 (ÂÍÈÈ ÌÅÒÈÇÍÎÉ
ÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ), 23.01.91.
Íåäîñòàòêîì äàííîãî óñòðîéñòâà âë åòñ îòñóòñòâèå àðìèðîâàíè â ïðîäîëüíîì è
ïîïåðå÷íîì íàïðàâëåíè õ â âèäå ãèáêèõ íåðàñò æèìûõ íèòåé.
Èçâåñòåí ïðèâîä MAS íà îñíîâå “Fluidic muscle MAS” àâñòðèéñêîãî êîíöåðíà FESTO.
“Fluidic muscle” ñîäåðæèò ýëàñòè÷íóþ îáîëî÷êó, àðìèðîâàííóþ âíóòðè ðîìáè÷åñêîé ñåòêîé
(ñì. ïðèëàãàåìûå ìàòåðèàëû, à òàêæå èíôîðìàöèþ íà ht^/www.festo.com/fluidicmuscle). Ê
íåäîñòàòêàì èçâåñòíîãî óñòðîéñòâà îòíîñèòñ ìàëûé ðàáî÷èé õîä, áîëüøèå äåôîðìàöèè
ìàòåðèàëà îáîëî÷êè â ÷åéêàõ ðîìáè÷åñêîé ñåòè, ìàëûé èíòåðâàë ðàáî÷èõ òåìïåðàòóð.
Íàèáîëåå áëèçêèì ê ïðåäëàãàåìîìó ïðåîáðàçîâàòåëþ âë åòñ ìåõàíè÷åñêà ìûøöà.
RU 2137950, 6 F 15 B 11/10, àâòîðû Âîä íèê Ã.Ì., Âîä íèê À.Ã., Öèáèçîâ À.Í. îò 16.07.98.
Áþë. ¹7).
Èçâåñòíà ìåõàíè÷åñêà ìûøöà ñîäåðæèò ïðèñîåäèíèòåëüíûå ýëåìåíòû è çàïîëíåííóþ
ýíåðãîíîñèòåëåì ýëàñòè÷íóþ îáîëî÷êó, âûïîëíåííóþ ñ àðìèðîâàíèåì â ïîïåðå÷íîì è
ïðîäîëüíîì íàïðàâëåíèè, ïàðàëëåëüíî îðèåíòèðîâàííûìè ãèáêèìè íåðàñò æèìûìè
íèò ìè. Àðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè â ïðîäîëüíîì íàïðàâëåíèè âûïîëíåíî ñ øàãîì,
îáåñïå÷èâàþùèì ïîïåðå÷íîå äåôîðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè áåç ïîòåðè ãåðìåòè÷íîñòè.
Àðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè â ïîïåðå÷íîì íàïðàâëåíèè âûïîëíåíî ñ øàãîì, âûáðàííûì èç
óñëîâè îáåñïå÷åíè ìàêñèìàëüíîãî óêîðî÷åíè îáîëî÷êè ïðè îäíîâðåìåííîì ñíèæåíèè
ïîïåðå÷íîãî ðàçìåðà, ðàñõîäà ýíåðãîíîñèòåë è ïîâûøåíè áûñòðîäåéñòâè .
Ê íåäîñòàòêàì èçâåñòíîãî óñòðîéñòâà îòíîñèòñ íåñîãëàñîâàííîñòü âåëè÷èí ïîïåðå÷íîé
è ïðîäîëüíîé äåôîðìàöèè âíåøíåé ïîâåðõíîñòè ýëàñòè÷íîé îáîëî÷êè ñ íèò ìè ñèëîâîãî
àðìèðîâàíè . Îòñóòñòâèå òàêîé ñîãëàñîâàííîñòè ïðèâîäèò ê îáðàçîâàíèþ çîí çàêðåïëåíè ìàòåðèàëà âíåøíåãî ñëî ýëàñòè÷íîé îáîëî÷êè ïîä íèò ìè ñèëîâîãî àðìèðîâàíè , ÷òî â
ñâîþ î÷åðåäü ïðèâîäèò ê ñåãìåíòàöèè âíåøíåé ïîâåðõíîñòè îáîëî÷êè è íåðàâíîìåðíîìó
ðàñïðåäåëåíèþ íàïð æåíèé â ìàòåðèàëå ýëàñòè÷íîé îáîëî÷êè.
Òåõíè÷åñêîé çàäà÷åé, íà ðåøåíèå êîòîðîé íàïðàâëåíî èçîáðåòåíèå, âë åòñ ñîçäàíèå
óñëîâèé äë ðàâíîìåðíîãî äåôîðìèðîâàíè ìàòåðèàëà îáîëî÷êè. Äë ÷åãî íåîáõîäèìî
èñêëþ÷èòü íåïîñðåäñòâåííîå âçàèìîäåéñòâèå ìåæäó âíåøíåé ïîâåðõíîñòüþ ýëàñòè÷íîé
îáîëî÷êè è íèò ìè ñèëîâîãî àðìèðîâàíè . Ìåõàíèçìîì ðàçäåëåíè âë åòñ ðàçãðóçî÷íî-àíòèôðèêöèîííûé ñëîé, êîòîðûé îáåñïå÷èâàåò ñîãëàñîâàíèå âåëè÷èí
ïîïåðå÷íîé è ïðîäîëüíîé äåôîðìàöèè ìàòåðèàëà íà âíåøíåé ïîâåðõíîñòè ýëàñòè÷íîé
îáîëî÷êè ñ ðàçìåðàìè ïîïåðå÷íîãî è ïðîäîëüíîãî òðàíñôîðìèðîâàíè äèàãîíàëåé
ðîìáè÷åñêèõ ÷ååê ðàçãðóçî÷íî-àíòèôðèêöèîííîãî ñëî .  ýòîì ñëó÷àå îáåñïå÷èâàåòñ ôèçè÷åñêîå ðàçäåëåíèå âíåøíåé ïîâåðõíîñòè ýëàñòè÷íîé îáîëî÷êè è íèòåé ñèëîâîãî
àðìèðîâàíè .
Äë äîñòèæåíè ïîñòàâëåííîé çàäà÷è ìåõàíè÷åñêà ìûøöà ñîäåðæèò
ïðèñîåäèíèòåëüíûå ýëåìåíòû è çàïîëíåííóþ ýíåðãîíîñèòåëåì ýëàñòè÷íóþ îáîëî÷êó,
âûïîëíåííóþ ñ àðìèðîâàíèåì â ïîïåðå÷íîì è ïðîäîëüíîì íàïðàâëåíèè ãèáêèìè
íåðàñò æèìûìè íèò ìè.
Àðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè â ïðîäîëüíîì íàïðàâëåíèè âûïîëíåíî ñ øàãîì,
îáåñïå÷èâàþùèì ïîïåðå÷íîå äåôîðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè áåç ïîòåðè ãåðìåòè÷íîñòè.
Àðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè â ïîïåðå÷íîì íàïðàâëåíèè âûïîëíåíî ñ øàãîì, âûáðàííûì èç
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óñëîâè îáåñïå÷åíè ìàêñèìàëüíîãî óêîðî÷åíè îáîëî÷êè ïðè îäíîâðåìåííîì ñíèæåíèè
ïîïåðå÷íîãî ðàçìåðà, ðàñõîäà ýíåðãîíîñèòåë è ïîâûøåíè áûñòðîäåéñòâè .
Ïðîäîëüíîå àðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè âûïîëíåíî ïîñëîéíûì.
Ðàçãðóçî÷íî-àíòèôðèêöèîííûé
ñëîé
âûïîëíåí
èç
íåïðåðûâíûõ,
âçàèìíî
ïåðåêðåùåííûõ íèòåé, âèíòîâûì îáðàçîì óëîæåííûõ íà ïîâåðõíîñòè îáîëî÷êè. Øàã
âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ðàâåí ïðåäûäóùåìó, íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà
âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ïðîòèâîïîëîæíî ïðåäûäóùåìó. Íèòè ñëîåâ íå
ñâ çàíû ìåæäó ñîáîé è îáðàçóþò ìåæñëîéíûå ðîìáè÷åñêèå ÷åéêè, äèàãîíàëè êîòîðûõ
ñîèçìåðèìû ñ âåëè÷èíîé äåôîðìàöèè îáîëî÷êè â îñåâîì è äèàìåòðàëüíîì íàïðàâëåíèè
ïîä ðîìáè÷åñêîé ÷åéêîé. Íèòè ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ñìåùåíû îòíîñèòåëüíî íèòåé
ïðåäûäóùåãî ñëî , èìåþùåãî òî æå íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè, ïðè÷åì íèòè
êàæäîãî ñëî çàôèêñèðîâàíû îòíîñèòåëüíî àäàïòåðîâ ìûøöû, îòäåëüíî îò îáîëî÷êè.
Äëèíà îñåâîé ïðîåêöèè íèòåé ïðåâûøàåò äëèíó îáîëî÷êè.
Ñèëîâîé ñëîé âûïîëíåí èç ïðîäîëüíî îðèåíòèðîâàííûõ íèòåé, çàôèêñèðîâàííûõ
îòíîñèòåëüíî àäàïòåðîâ ìûøöû, îòäåëüíî îò îáîëî÷êè.
Àäàïòåðû ìåõàíè÷åñêîé ìûøöû ñîäåðæàò äâå ñîîñíûå ïîâåðõíîñòè äë ðàçäåëüíîãî
êðåïëåíè îáîëî÷êè è íèòåé àðìèðîâàíè , ïðè÷åì ïîâåðõíîñòè ðàçäåëåíû êîëüöåâûì
ïðèëèâîì, âûñîòà êîòîðîãî îòíîñèòåëüíî ïîâåðõíîñòè äë êðåïëåíè îáîëî÷êè
ñîîòâåòñòâóåò òîëùèíå ýëàñòè÷íîé îáîëî÷êè.
Àäàïòåðû ìåõàíè÷åñêîé ìûøöû, ëèáî èõ âíåøí ïîâåðõíîñòü âûïîëíåíû èõ
ýëåêòðîèçîë öèîííîãî ìàòåðèàëà è ñîäåðæàò äàò÷èêè äàâëåíè ðàáî÷åãî òåëà è âçàèìíîãî
ïåðåìåùåíè àäàïòåðîâ.
Çàùèòíî-äåêîðàòèâíûé ñëîé âûïîëíåí èç íåïðåðûâíûõ íèòåé, âèíòîâûì îáðàçîì
óëîæåííûõ íà ïîâåðõíîñòè ìûøöû, ïðè÷åì øàã âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî
ñëî ðàâåí ïðåäûäóùåìó, íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ïðîòèâîïîëîæíî ïðåäûäóùåìó.
Íèòè ñëîåâ íå ñâ çàíû ìåæäó ñîáîé è îáðàçóþò ìåæñëîéíûå ðîìáè÷åñêèå ÷åéêè, ïðè
ýòîì íèòè ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ñìåùåíû îòíîñèòåëüíî íèòåé ïðåäûäóùåãî ñëî , èìåþùåãî
òî æå íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè. Ïðè÷åì íèòè êàæäîãî ñëî çàôèêñèðîâàíû
îòíîñèòåëüíî àäàïòåðîâ ìûøöû, îòäåëüíî îò îáîëî÷êè.
Ìåõàíè÷åñêà ìûøöà ðàáîòàåò ñëåäóþùèì îáðàçîì. Ïðè óâåëè÷åíèè âíóòðåííåé
ýíåðãèè ýíåðãîíîñèòåë ëþáûì èçâåñòíûì ñïîñîáîì (çà ñ÷åò íàãðåâà, õèìè÷åñêîé ðåàêöèè,
óâåëè÷åíè êîëè÷åñòâà è ò.ä.) ýëàñòè÷íà îáîëî÷êà íà÷èíàåò äåôîðìèðîâàòüñ .
Âîçíèêàþùèå óñèëè âîñïðèíèìàþòñ íèò ìè ïðîäîëüíîãî è ïîïåðå÷íîãî àðìèðîâàíè ,
÷òî ïðåäïîëàãàåò óïðàâë åìîå äåôîðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì ãîôð.
Îáðàçîâàíèå ãîôð ïî äëèíå ìåõàíè÷åñêîé ìûøöû îáóñëàâëèâàåò åå ëèíåéíîå óêîðî÷åíèå
(ñîêðàùåíèå).
Äë èñêëþ÷åíè íåïîñðåäñòâåííîãî âçàèìîäåéñòâè ìåæäó âíåøíåé ïîâåðõíîñòüþ
ýëàñòè÷íîé
îáîëî÷êè
è
íèò ìè
ñèëîâîãî
àðìèðîâàíè ââåäåí
ðàçãðóçî÷íî-àíòèôðèêöèîííûé ñëîé. Îí îáåñïå÷èâàåò ñîãëàñîâàíèå âåëè÷èí ïîïåðå÷íîé è
ïðîäîëüíîé äåôîðìàöèè ìàòåðèàëà íà âíåøíåé ïîâåðõíîñòè ýëàñòè÷íîé îáîëî÷êè ñ
ðàçìåðàìè ïîïåðå÷íîãî è ïðîäîëüíîãî òðàíñôîðìèðîâàíè äèàãîíàëåé ðîìáè÷åñêèõ ÷ååê
ðàçãðóçî÷íî-àíòèôðèêöèîííîãî ñëî .  ýòîì ñëó÷àå îáåñïå÷èâàåòñ ôèçè÷åñêîå
ðàçäåëåíèå âíåøíåé ïîâåðõíîñòè ýëàñòè÷íîé îáîëî÷êè è íèòåé ñèëîâîãî àðìèðîâàíè è
ðàâíîìåðíà äåôîðìàöè ìàòåðèàëà ýëàñòè÷íîé îáîëî÷êè áåç îáðàçîâàíè çîí ñ íóëåâîé
äåôîðìàöèåé ïîä íèò ìè ñèëîâîãî àðìèðîâàíè .
Òàêèì îáðàçîì, çà âëåííîå ïðåäëîæåíèå ïîçâîë åò îáåñïå÷èòü ðàâíîìåðíîå
äåôîðìèðîâàíèå ìàòåðèàëà îáîëî÷êè è êîíñòðóêòèâíî íå îãðàíè÷åííûé ðåñóðñ èçäåëè .
Ôîðìóëà èçîáðåòåíè 1. Ìåõàíè÷åñêà ìûøöà, ñîäåðæàùà ïðèñîåäèíèòåëüíûå ýëåìåíòû è çàïîëíåííóþ
ýíåðãîíîñèòåëåì ýëàñòè÷íóþ îáîëî÷êó, âûïîëíåííóþ ñ àðìèðîâàíèåì â ïîïåðå÷íîì è
ïðîäîëüíîì íàïðàâëåíèè ãèáêèìè íåðàñò æèìûìè íèò ìè, ïðè÷åì àðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè
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â ïðîäîëüíîì íàïðàâëåíèè âûïîëíåíî ñ øàãîì, îáåñïå÷èâàþùèì ïîïåðå÷íîå
äåôîðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè áåç ïîòåðè ãåðìåòè÷íîñòè, à àðìèðîâàíèå îáîëî÷êè â
ïîïåðå÷íîì íàïðàâëåíèè âûïîëíåíî ñ øàãîì, âûáðàííûì èç óñëîâè îáåñïå÷åíè ìàêñèìàëüíîãî óêîðî÷åíè îáîëî÷êè ïðè îäíîâðåìåííîì ñíèæåíèè ïîïåðå÷íîãî ðàçìåðà,
ðàñõîäà ýíåðãîíîñèòåë è ïîâûøåíè áûñòðîäåéñòâè , îòëè÷àþùà ñ , òåì, ÷òî
ïðîäîëüíîå
àðìèðîâàíèå
îáîëî÷êè
âûïîëíåíî
ïîñëîéíûì,
ïðè÷åì
ðàçãðóçî÷íî-àíòèôðèêöèîííûé ñëîé âûïîëíåí èç íåïðåðûâíûõ âçàèìíî ïåðåêðåùåííûõ
íèòåé, âèíòîâûì îáðàçîì óëîæåííûõ íà ïîâåðõíîñòè îáîëî÷êè, ïðè÷åì øàã âèíòîâîé
óêëàäêè íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ðàâåí ïðåäûäóùåìó, íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà âèíòîâîé
óêëàäêè íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ïðîòèâîïîëîæíî ïðåäûäóùåìó, íèòè ñëîåâ íå ñâ çàíû
ìåæäó ñîáîé è îáðàçóþò ìåæñëîéíûå ðîìáè÷åñêèå ÷åéêè, äèàãîíàëè êîòîðûõ ñîèçìåðèìû
ñ âåëè÷èíîé äåôîðìàöèè îáîëî÷êè â îñåâîì è äèàìåòðàëüíîì íàïðàâëåíè õ ïîä
ðîìáè÷åñêîé ÷åéêîé, ïðè ýòîì íèòè ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ñìåùåíû îòíîñèòåëüíî íèòåé
ïðåäûäóùåãî ñëî , èìåþùåãî òî æå íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè, ïðè÷åì íèòè
êàæäîãî ñëî çàôèêñèðîâàíû îòíîñèòåëüíî àäàïòåðîâ ìûøöû îòäåëüíî îò îáîëî÷êè, à
äëèíà îñåâîé ïðîåêöèè íèòåé ïðåâûøàåò äëèíó îáîëî÷êè, ñèëîâîé ñëîé âûïîëíåí èç
ïðîäîëüíî îðèåíòèðîâàííûõ íèòåé, çàôèêñèðîâàííûõ îòíîñèòåëüíî àäàïòåðîâ ìûøöû
îòäåëüíî îò îáîëî÷êè, ïðè ýòîì àäàïòåðû ìåõàíè÷åñêîé ìûøöû ñîäåðæàò äâå ñîîñíûå
ïîâåðõíîñòè äë ðàçäåëüíîãî êðåïëåíè îáîëî÷êè è íèòåé àðìèðîâàíè , ïðè÷åì
ïîâåðõíîñòè ðàçäåëåíû êîëüöåâûì ïðèëèâîì, âûñîòà êîòîðîãî îòíîñèòåëüíî ïîâåðõíîñòè
äë êðåïëåíè îáîëî÷êè ñîîòâåòñòâóåò òîëùèíå ýëàñòè÷íîé îáîëî÷êè, à ñàìè àäàïòåðû
ëèáî èõ âíåøí ïîâåðõíîñòü âûïîëíåíû èç ýëåêòðîèçîë öèîííîãî ìàòåðèàëà è ñîäåðæàò
äàò÷èêè äàâëåíè ðàáî÷åãî òåëà è âçàèìíîãî ïåðåìåùåíè àäàïòåðîâ.
2. Ìåõàíè÷åñêà ìûøöà ïî ï.1, îòëè÷àþùà ñ , òåì, ÷òî çàùèòíî-äåêîðàòèâíûé ñëîé
âûïîëíåí èç íåïðåðûâíûõ íèòåé, âèíòîâûì îáðàçîì óëîæåííûõ íà ïîâåðõíîñòè ìûøöû,
ïðè÷åì øàã âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ðàâåí ïðåäûäóùåìó, íàïðàâëåíèå
øàãà âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè íèòåé ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ïðîòèâîïîëîæíî ïðåäûäóùåìó, íèòè
ñëîåâ íå ñâ çàíû ìåæäó ñîáîé è îáðàçóþò ìåæñëîéíûå ðîìáè÷åñêèå ÷åéêè, ïðè ýòîì íèòè
ïîñëåäóþùåãî ñëî ñìåùåíû îòíîñèòåëüíî íèòåé ïðåäûäóùåãî ñëî , èìåþùåãî òî æå
íàïðàâëåíèå øàãà âèíòîâîé óêëàäêè, ïðè÷åì íèòè êàæäîãî ñëî çàôèêñèðîâàíû
îòíîñèòåëüíî àäàïòåðîâ ìûøöû îòäåëüíî îò îáîëî÷êè.
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