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Your Most Personal Book.
MANEFON
2
Contents
1
2006
1.1
9
09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
1=>2;5=8O A09B0 " @52=5538?5BA:0O ;8B5@0BC@0" (2006-05-12 23:46) . . . .
9
1.1.1
1.1.2
"
# (
!
)
"
(2006-05-12 23:58) . . . . . . . . .
9
1.1.3
0E8 %020AA 2E>48B 2 A>B=N 2;8OB5;L=59H8E ;N459 <8@0 (2006-05-13 00:06)
11
1.1.4
@>;
38?5B ?5@2KE D0@0>=>2 (2006-05-13 00:27) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
1.1.5
0AA:07 538?BO=8=0 !8=CE5B0 (2006-05-13 01:44) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
1.1.6
>@<KH520 -. . > 538?5BA:>9 0@E5>;>388 (2006-05-13 08:30) . . . . . . . . .
14
1.1.7
C;LBC@=>5 =0A;54=85 38?B0 8 E@8AB80=A:89 >AB>: (2006-05-13 10:23) . .
16
1.1.8
!09B Aegyptiaca rusica - 8=B5@5A=K5 ?C1;8:0F88 (2006-05-13 10:49) . . . . . .
17
. .
"!
1.1.9
! #!!"
) "#"
%
(2006-05-13 11:39) .
18
(2006-05-13 12:56) . . . . . .
19
1.1.10
!
1.1.11
>340=>2
. . "8BC; 4;O F0@A:>9 AB0BC8 ?@8 IV 48=0AB88 (2006-05-13 13:36)
20
1.1.12
5=I8=0 2 M?>EC 4@52=53> 38?B0 (2006-05-13 15:41) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
1.1.13
C<88 4@52=5538?5BA:8E F0@59 (2006-05-13 19:16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
1.1.14
!>:@>28I0 ;5>?0B@K ?>4=OBK5 87 3;C18= (2006-05-13 22:09) . . . . . . . .
26
1.1.15
#G510. 01>B0.
27
1.1.16
%!
.
5=8BL10 2 @52=5< 38?B5 (2006-05-14 13:58) . . . . . . . .
5@;8=5 >B:@K;0AL C=8:0;L=0O 2KAB02:0 " 0B>?;5==K5 A>:@>28I0
38?B0" (2006-05-15 11:21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
1.1.17
$>B>3@0D88 A 15@;8=A:>9 2KAB02:8 =0 A09B5 BBC (2006-05-15 11:29) . . . . .
30
1.1.18
(2006-05-16 20:16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
1.1.19
1.1.20
C759 !(
>B25@3 ?@>AL1C
38?B0 > 2>72@0I5=88 <0A:8 <C<88
(2006-05-16 22:15) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
@>4>;65=85 8AB>@88 > 2>@>20==>9 <0A:5 (2006-05-17 10:56) . . . . . . . . .
32
"
1.1.21
%
!"
!"
. . . . . . . .
33
1.1.22
0A:>?:8 2 "><1>A5 ( C18O) (2006-05-18 20:50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
1.1.23
!B5;0 !5=CA5@B0 III (2006-05-18 23:04) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
>=BM. 38?5B 0<A5A>2 (2006-05-21 19:32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
1.1.25
!AK;:8 =0 AB0BL8 ?> 538?B>;>388 (2006-05-21 19:39) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
1.1.26
$@5A:8 A 3@>1=8FK !5B8 I 25@=CBAO 2 38?5B (2006-05-27 09:19) . . . . . . . .
37
1.1.24
L5@
(2006-05-17 19:02)
3
1.2
1.1.27
$>B>3@0D88 ?8@0<84 87K (2006-05-27 10:21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37
1.1.28
>2K5 D>B>3@0D88 87 KV 63 (2006-05-29 11:29) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37
N=L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
1.2.1
1.3
40
41
1.3.1
5:>=AB@C:F8O ;8F0 <C<88 (2006-07-01 00:10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
1.3.2
07<5@
0C48B>@88
C=5B0,
8=B5@5ACNI59AO
@52=8<
38?B><.
(2006-07-01 04:03) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
1.3.3
C:A>@5 =0945=> 25I5AB2> 4;O <C<8D8:0F88. (2006-07-01 10:22) . . . . .
42
1.3.4
B:@KB85 :>?BA:>3> <C75O (2006-07-01 10:49) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43
1.3.5
!:07:0 > 42CE 1@0BLOE. (2006-07-04 02:25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43
1.3.6
C<88 >B:@K20NB A2>8 A5:@5BK =>2K< B5E=>;>38O< (2006-07-04 16:07) . .
43
1.3.7
828O (2006-07-05 01:04) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
1.3.8
20=35;85 >B
C4K (2006-07-05 02:13) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
1.3.9
@>1;5<K A /=45:A>< (2006-07-05 08:36) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45
1.3.10
20=35;85 >B
C4K =0 @CAA:>< (2006-07-07 09:33) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
1.3.11
!8=CE5 (2006-07-08 00:58) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
1.3.12
0;5: /. 06=59H85 8AB>G=8:8 !B0@>3> F0@AB20. (2006-07-08 22:27) . . . .
46
1.3.13
>2K9 A09B (2006-07-11 00:23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
1.3.14
7 4=52=8:>2 0E8 %020AA0... (2006-07-17 19:44) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
1.3.15
$>B>3@0D88 538?5BA:8E ?0<OB=8:>2 2 -@<8B065 (2006-07-22 18:11) . . . . .
48
1.3.16
5:>B@K5 >1=>2;5=8O. (2006-07-23 00:49) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48
1.3.17
38?5B: ;8:8 4@52=>AB8 8;8 =0 70<5B:C BC@8ABC (2006-07-26 16:29) . . . . . .
49
1.3.18
KAB02:0
1.3.20
" KE0=85
38?B0" 2 &5=B@0;L=>< 4><5 EC4>6=8:0
(2006-07-28 15:14) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49
5@52>4G8: "CB0=E0<>=0 (2006-07-30 08:03) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50
AA>F80F8O
@0728B8O
:C;LBC@=KE
8
=0CG=KE
A2O759
A
>AA859
(2006-07-30 08:18) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
51
>2K5 ?>ABK =0 A09B5 NNM (2006-07-31 02:05) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
52
23CAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
52
1.3.21
1.4.1
KV 64 (2006-08-01 21:21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
52
1.4.2
A:CAAB2> @52=53> 38?B0 (2006-08-01 22:46) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
52
1.4.3
>2K9 70; 4;O F0@A:8E <C<89 2 38?5BA:>< <C755. (2006-08-08 02:40) . . . .
53
1.4.4
@E5>;>38G5A:0O M=F8:;>?548O (2006-08-08 04:08) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
53
1.4.5
0<OB=8:8 8A:CAAB20 @52=53> 38?B0, @5F88 8 8<0 (2006-08-10 23:31) .
53
1.4.6
8:A .
BGQB > 45OB5;L=>ABL $820=A:>3> :0@B>3@0D8G5A:>3> ?@>5:B0.
23CAB 2006. (2006-08-10 23:35) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55
8:A, 5=B . - =5<=>3> 18>3@0D88... (2006-08-14 01:34) . . . . . . . . . . . .
58
1.4.7
4
02;0 $8259A:>3> >B:@K205BAO 4;O BC@87<0 ?>A;5 @5<>=B0.
(2006-06-30 20:04) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
N;L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3.19
1.4
>=0ABK@L A2.
5@CA0;8<0 (2006-08-18 14:09) . . . .
59
:BO1@L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
60
1.4.8
1.5
1.5.1
1.5.2
@>1=8F0
5@8@0 (2006-10-09 06:04) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
>48B5;59
>1O70;8
3;CH8BL
<>B>@K
2>7;5
538?5BA:8E
60
?8@0<84
60
&
(2006-10-11 10:43) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
61
C75O 0@=C<0 2 @846?>@B5 (2006-10-13 20:18) . .
61
1.5.5
$>B> 0@=C<A:>9 <C<88 (2006-10-15 19:32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
62
1.5.6
38?B5 ?KB0;8AL ?@>40BL 4@52=85 0@B5D0:BK (2006-10-18 21:46) . . . . . .
62
1.5.7
5;O:>2 . ;048<8@, CG5=8: ;048<8@0 (2006-10-19 18:26) . . . . . . . . .
63
1.5.8
1C !8<15; AB0; A2845B5;5< 25@B8:0;L=>3> 70:0B0 =0 ;8F5 0<A5A0 II
(2006-10-23 07:32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
63
1.5.9
1=0@C65=K 3@>1=8FK 7C1=KE 2@0G59 (2006-10-24 13:40) . . . . . . . . . . . .
64
1.5.10
>2K5 3@>1=8FK 7C1=KE 2@0G59: D>B> (2006-10-24 17:45) . . . . . . . . . . . .
65
1.5.11
8@0<84K (2006-10-26 16:10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
68
1.5.4
1.5.12
,
.
AA;54>20=85 <C<88 87
0 0C:F8>=5
@8AB8 2KAB02;5= 538?5BA:89 F25B=>9 45@52O==K9 A0@:>D03
(2006-10-28 17:32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
68
1.5.13
5AB02@0F8O :>?BA:>9 F5@:28 2 08@5 (2006-10-29 12:13) . . . . . . . . . . . .
68
1.5.14
3@>1=8F5 035<=8 2 8=B5@=5B5 (2006-10-31 23:19) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
69
>O1@L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
70
1.6.1
CB8= @0AAG8BK205B C2845BL 538?5BA:85 <C<88 2 >AA88 (2006-11-02 23:56)
70
1.6.2
=838 ?> 538?B>;>388 (2006-11-05 11:52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
70
@>:;OB85 @>1=8FK (2006) (2006-11-06 00:37) . . . . . . . . . .
70
1.6.4
>2K9 A09B (2006-11-07 07:33) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
71
1.6.5
38?5BA:>< <C755 08@0 >B:@K;0AL 2KAB02:0 « 5?A8CA: =5<5F:0O
M:A?548F8O =0 8;» (2006-11-08 11:00) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
71
1.6.3
1.6.6
"CB0=E0<>=:
>AA89A:85 A?5F80;8ABK 7025@H0NB @5AB02@0F8N F5@:28 -;L- C0;;0:0
(2006-11-08 20:37) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
71
!>;:8= .
2=>2L 4@52=>AB8 =0 «Christie’s» (2006-11-13 02:57) . . . . . . . .
72
1.6.8
38?BO=8= @073@018; 4@52=55 70E>@>=5=85 (2006-11-17 01:02) . . . . . . . . .
74
1.6.9
:045<8: 0A8;89 0A8;L528G !B@C25 (2006-11-21 23:55) . . . . . . . . . . .
74
&828;870F8O @52=53> 38?B0: >B 70:>=>2 : 8A:CAAB2C (2006-11-23 20:22) .
77
1.6.7
1.6.10
AB>;8F5 >B:@K;0AL 2KAB02:0 0@E5>;>30
5?A8CA0
(2006-11-27 01:52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
80
1.6.12
38?5B: 25;8:>5 ?5@5A5;5=85 (2006-11-28 12:26) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
81
1.6.13
38?5B C:@5?;O5B A2>9 8<846 (2006-11-29 00:45) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82
5:01@L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82
1.7.1
:>;> 08@0 >1=0@C65=0 <C<8O ?@842>@=>3> 2@0G0 (2006-12-07 01:53) . . .
82
1.7.2
38?5BA:85 4@52=>AB8 (2006-12-08 17:14) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
83
1.7.3
@>4060 <C<88 =0 0C:F8>=5 @8AB8 (2006-12-09 10:28) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
83
1.6.11
1.7
5@B2>3> <>@O ?@>8AE>4OB 87
(2006-10-11 06:32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.5.3
1.6
!28B:8
538?5BA:>9
5
1.7.4
1.7.5
A?>254L <C<88:
> <0B5@80;0< 15A54K A 8725AB=K< @>AA89A:8<
538?B>;>3>< ;5:A55< @>;>< (2006-12-09 10:50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
83
C<8O 87 !0::0@K: 6C@=0;8ABK 2=>2L ?>A?5H8;8 (2006-12-12 12:33) . . . .
87
38?B5 =0945= C=8:0;L=K9 ?0<OB=8:
1.7.6
88
1.7.7
@>D5AA>@ @NA "@8335@. (2006-12-22 09:34) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
89
1.7.8
. !.
(2006-12-27 14:36)
91
+ (2006-12-27 14:48) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
94
)
)
1.7.9
2
:
!
+
%
$
2007
2.1
2.2
101
/=20@L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3
>=0ABK@L A2.
=B>=8O (2007-01-14 00:18) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
101
2.1.2
>=0ABK@L A2.
02;0 (2007-01-14 00:34) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
118
2.1.3
!B0@K5 :0@BK
D@8:8 (2007-01-17 01:24) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
131
2.1.4
$>@C< A09B0 « 38?5BA:0O ;8B5@0BC@0» (2007-01-19 04:45) . . . . . . . . . . .
132
2.1.5
%@0<
0?0B5 (2007-01-27 11:07) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
132
$52@0;L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
132
#:@0H5=8O E@0<0 !5B8 I @07@CH0NBAO. (2007-02-01 10:53) . . . . . . . . . . .
132
>2K9 1;>: =0945= 0@E5>;>30<8 2 E@0<5
CB 2 C:A>@5. (2007-02-03 00:09)
134
2.2.3
@>8AH5AB285 2 @5F88. (2007-02-03 18:57) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
135
2.2.4
>2K5 A0@:>D038. (2007-02-12 03:43) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
135
2.2.5
@E5>;>38G5A:85 >B:@KB8O 2 !0::0@5 (2007-02-24 12:51) . . . . . . . . . . . .
136
0@B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
136
"CB0=E0<>= 25@=5BAO 2 5;8:>1@8B0=8N 2 2007 3>4C (2007-03-21 01:32) . . .
136
?@5;L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
137
2.4.1
2.5
. . !8<2>;8:0 25G=>AB8 2 @52=5< 38?B5 (2007-04-29 21:09)
5=A8>=5@ ?>?0; ?>4 AC4 70 ?>445;:C 538?5BA:>9 AB0BC8 (2007-05-02 01:31)
N;L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
137
137
137
137
2.6.1
(2007-07-14 19:13) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
137
2.6.2
38?B5 =0H;8 :@C?=59HCN :@5?>ABL M?>E8 D0@0>=>2 (2007-07-23 12:58) .
138
2.6.3
@>5:B ?> 35>D878G5A:8< 8AA;54>20=8O< !0::0@K (2007-07-23 13:03) . . . .
138
2.6.4
>?BA:0O 8 -D8>?A:0O
@02>A;02=K5 (=5E0;:84>=A:85) &5@:28
B>@65AB25==> ?@>2>73;0A8;8 548=AB2> 25@K (2007-07-23 13:18) . . . . . . . .
139
2.6.5
2.7
><5@0=F520
09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.5.1
2.6
<>=0 2
2.2.2
2.3.1
2.4
101
2.1.1
2.2.1
6
%II 25:0 4> =0H59 M@K
(2006-12-18 12:46) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
!"
#
(
#
(
/
"
(2007-07-26 12:46) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-
140
23CAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
140
2.7.1
!0@0B>2 ?;0=8@CNB ?@8257B8 <C<88 (2007-08-07 14:23) . . . . . . . . . . .
140
2.7.2
0102=>... (2007-08-07 14:38) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
141
2.8
2.9
2.7.3
5@>3;8DK 4;O =0G8=0NI8E (2007-08-10 16:23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
141
2.7.4
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143
2.8.1
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2.8.2
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144
2.9.1
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2.9.6
2.10
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7
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Chapter 1
2006
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1.1.7
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1.1.8
!09B Aegyptiaca rusica - 8=B5@5A=K5 ?C1;8:0F88 (2006-05-13 10:49)
025@=> 2A5< 8725AB5= =51>;LH>9, => >G5=L ?>;57=K9 A09B Aegyptiaca rusica, A>45@60I89
8=B5@5A=K5 538?B>;>38G5A:85 @01>BK, => 5A;8 :B> =5 7=05B, B>...
[1]Aegyptiaca rusica. Miscellanea
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2 , 2001. !. 89-112.
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1. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/tpy.htm
2. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/books/Karter_Tutankhamen.txt
3. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/articles/matye.zip
4. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/articles/arc.htm
5. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/articles/hr_eye/hr_eye.htm
6. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/articles/Hor_bolsh.pdf
7. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/vdi/Canonae.pdf
8. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/articles/cherezov-sphinx.pdf
9. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/articles/aprw1.htm
10. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/articles/ch_isida.zip
11. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/books/folk.htm
12. http://egyptiaca.narod.ru/articles/km_chag.htm
1.1.9
"!
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1.1.10
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1.1.11
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1.1.12
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(c) 2006, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
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1.3.7
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1.3.8
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1. http://sinuhe-bibliographie.unibas.ch/
1.3.12
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1.3.13
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1.3.16
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http://www.thebanmappingproject.com/about/progress _19.html
© 1997-2006 Theban Mapping Project.
© 2006 (0B0;8= . . - ?5@52>4.
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58
C1;8:0F88:
• Atlas of the Valley of the Kings: The Theban Mapping Project
• The Lost Tomb, 1998
• The Illustrated Guide to Luxor and the Valley of the Kings
• The Valley of the Kings: The Tombs and the Funerary of Thebes West, (editor)
[1] AB>G=8: 8=D>@<0F88
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D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A0.&oldid=1664
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1. http://lenta.ru/news/2006/08/16/qumran/
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1. http://www.osirisnet.net/tombes/amarna/meryra/e_meryra_01.htm
2. http://www.osirisnet.net/tombes/amarna/meryra/meryra_01.htm
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1. http://www.autonews.ru/automarket_news/index.shtml?2006/10/10/1221893
2. http://www.polit.ru/news/2006/10/10/pyramid__.html
3. http://www.motoring.co.za/index.php?fArticleId=3479266&fSectionId=&fSetId=381
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1. http://egypt.kp.ru/2006/11/07/doc146594/
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1.
http:
//aegyptica.orientalstudies.ru/rus/index.php?option=com_personalities&Itemid=74&person=185
2. http://www.orientalstudies.ru/rus/index.php?option=com_personalities&Itemid=74&person=185
3. http://egypt.hut2.ru/show.php?t=0&txt=1
4. http://egypt.hut2.ru/show.php?t=0&txt=6
5. http://aegyptica.orientalstudies.ru/rus/images/pdf/b_struwe_2003.pdf
6. http://www.ozon.ru/?partner=manefon
7. http://www.ozon.ru/context/detail/id/2128740/partner=manefon
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89
«Gordon Childe: Revolutions in Archaeology» (1980), «Beyond History: The Methods of Prehistory» (1968),
«Time and Traditions» (1978), «Archaeology as Historical Science» (1985).
538?B>;>388 >= @01>B0;, 2 >A=>2=>< =04 ?@>1;5<0<8 C189A:>9 8AB>@88 8 0@E5>;>388.
2 MB>9 >1;0AB8 :@><5 <=>65AB20 A?5F80;878@>20==KE AB0B59, C =53> 8<55BAO @O4 <>=>3@0D89:
«History and Settlement in Lower Nubia» (1965), «The Late Nubian Settlement at Arminna West» (1967),
«The Meroitic Funerary Inscriptions from Arminna West» (1970), «Nubia under the Pharaohs» (1976) 8 «Early
Civilizations: Ancient Egypt in Context» (1993). A>15==> 8=B5@5A=> 53> ?>A;54=OO @01>B0, 2 :>B>@>9
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87KA:0=89.
?>;CG0;>AL MB> 2A5340 >A>15==> :>=B5:AB=> 8 C<5AB=>, 2 >B;8G85 >B <5E0=8G5A:>3>
F8B8@>20=8O GC68E MB=>3@0D8G5A:8E 8 0@E5>;>38G5A:8E 87KA:0=89, :0: MB>, : A>60;5=8N 45;05B
8A:;NG8B5;L=>5 1>;LH8=AB2> 0@E5>;>3>2 2 A8;C A2>59 C7:>9 A?5F80;870F88. 5@>OB=>, MB> 1K;>
5IQ >4=>9 ?@8G8=>9 B>3>, GB> @57C;LB0B>< 53> 8AA;54>20=89 2A5340 1K;8 2K40NI85AO 8 40;5:>
254CI85 >B:@KB8O.
!?8A>: 53> >A=>2=KE B@C4>2:
" History and Settlement in Lower Nubia, New Haven, Yale University Publications in Anthropology,
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" The Late Nubian Settlement at Arminna West, New Haven, Publications of the Pennsylvania-Yale Expedition to Egypt, 1965.
" Beyond History: The Methods of Prehistory, New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1968.
" The Huron: Farmers of the North, New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1969, revised edition, 1990.
" The Impact of Europeans on Huronia, Toronto, The Copp Clark Publishing Company, 1969.
" The Meroitic Funerary Inscriptions from Arminna West, New Haven, Publications of the PennsylvaniaYale Expedition to Egypt, 1970.
" (with J.F. Pendergast) Cartier’s Hochelaga and the Dawson Site, Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University
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" The Children of Aataentsic: A History of the Huron People to 1660, Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1976.
" Nubia Under the Pharaohs, London, Thames and Hudson, 1976.
" Time and Traditions: Essays in Archaeological Interpretation, Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press,
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" Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 15, Northeast, Washington, Smithsonian Institution, 1978.
" Time and Traditions: Essays in Archaeological Interpretation, Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press,
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90
" Gordon Childe: Revolutions in Archaeology, London, Thames and Hudson, 1980.
" (with B.J. Kemp, D. O’Connor, and A.B. Lloyd) Ancient Egypt: A Social History, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1983.
" Natives and Newcomers: Canada’s "Heroic Age" Revisited, Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University Press,
1985.
" A History of Archaeological Thought, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1989.
" Early Civilizations: Ancient Egypt in Context, New York, Columbia, 1993.
" The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas [vol.
Cambridge University Press, 1996.
I], North America, New York,
" Sociocultural Evolution: Calculation and Contingency, Oxford, Blackwell, 1998.
" Artifacts and Ideas: Essays in Archaeology, New Brunswick, NJ, Transaction Publishers, 2003.
" Understanding Early Civilizations: A Comparative Study, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2003.
1.7.8
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2007
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2.1.2
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[1] AB>G=8:
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2.1.3
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2.1.4
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134
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[1]link A =51>;LH8<8 87<5=5=8O<8.
1. http://www.proza.com.ua/news/22-07-2007_1_324e.shtml
2.6.3
@>5:B ?> 35>D878G5A:8< 8AA;54>20=8O< !0::0@K (2007-07-23 13:03)
!09B [1]The Saqqara Geophysical Survey Project
8AA;54>20=8O H>B;0=4A:>3> 0@E5>;>30 /=0
MBB8A>=0 (Ian Mathieson), @01>B0NI53> 2 !0::0@5 A 1990-E. @><5 ?>;57=>9 8=D>@<0F88 A>45@68B
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[2]Saqqara movie 1, excavation, with sound (QuickTime file, file size 11MB)
[3]Saqqara movie 2, surveying, with sound (QuickTime file, file size 8MB)
[4]Saqqara movie 3, surveying, with sound (QuickTime file, file size 16MB)
138
[5]Saqqara movie 4, surveying, with sound (QuickTime file, file size 16MB)
1. file://localhost/home/ljbookc/tmpbooks/manefon/manefon.xml.lynx.html
2. http://www.glasgowmuseums.com/assets/fileStore/saqqclip1.mov
3. http://www.glasgowmuseums.com/assets/fileStore/saqqclip2.mov
4. http://www.glasgowmuseums.com/assets/fileStore/saqqclip3.mov
5. http://www.glasgowmuseums.com/assets/fileStore/saqqclip4.mov
2.6.4
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[1]link
1. http://www.religare.ru/article43765.htm
2.6.5
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[1]link
1. http://www.regions.ru/news/2087935/
2.7
2.7.1
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[1]link
1. http://news.telekom-media.ru/news/all/14408/
2.7.2
0102=>... (2007-08-07 14:38)
2.7.3
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1. http://ibook.nnm.ru/ieroglify_dlya_nachinayuwih_/
2. http://depositfiles.com/files/1426082
2.7.4
@8=F5AA0 A>;=F0 / La Reine soleil (2007) (2007-08-30 13:47)
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http://rapidshare.com/files/51124570/Princessa.solnca.DVDRip.part1.r ar
http://rapidshare.com/files/51124694/Princessa.solnca.DVDRip.part2.r ar
142
http://rapidshare.com/files/51124609/Princessa.solnca.DVDRip.part3.r ar
http://rapidshare.com/files/51124738/Princessa.solnca.DVDRip.part4.r ar
http://rapidshare.com/files/51124863/Princessa.solnca.DVDRip.part5.r ar
http://rapidshare.com/files/51124793/Princessa.solnca.DVDRip.part6.r ar
http://rapidshare.com/files/51124889/Princessa.solnca.DVDRip.part7.r ar
http://rapidshare.com/files/51124236/Princessa.solnca.DVDRip.part8.r ar
[1]link
1. http://club.accopmu.de/2007/08/28/princessa_solnca__la_reine_soleil_2007.html
2.8
2.8.1
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1. http://egypt.hut2.ru/
2. http://egypt.hut2.ru/show.php?t=3&txt=26
3. http://egypt.hut2.ru/show.php?t=3&txt=27
4. http://egypt.hut2.ru/show.php?t=3&txt=25
5. http://egypt.hut2.ru/show.php?t=2&txt=4
6. http://egypt.hut2.ru/show.php?t=9&txt=12
2.8.2
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1. http://egypt.hut2.ru/show.php?t=2&txt=0
2.9
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2. http://egypt.hut2.ru/show.php?t=3&txt=29
2.9.2
38?5B 25@=5BAO AB0BCO A>740B5;O ?8@0<84K %5>?A0 (2007-10-04 14:17)
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2.9.3
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2.10.4
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12. #65 2 E@0<0E !B0@>3> 8 !@54=53> F0@AB2 ACI5AB2>20;8 ?5@2K5 2 8AB>@88 :0=0;870F8>==K5
:><<C=8:0F88.
13. !0<K9 «?;>4>28BK9» =0 ?C1;8:0F88 >B5G5AB25==K9 538?B>;>3 MB> 8E08; ;5:A0=4@>28G
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1=0@C68; >= 8E 2 ?8@0<845 F0@O 5?8 I (6 F0@A:89 4><, !B0@>5 F0@AB2>). = 65 ( . 0A?5@>) 8
40; 8< B0:>5 =0720=85, CB25@482H55AO 2 538?B>;>388.
17. 09 ;8=89 &5F8;89 !B0@H89 (23 79 33. 4> =.M.) ?5@2K9 8725AB=K9 8AB>@88 =5538?BO=8=,
?@>=8:H89 2=CB@L ?8@0<84. = 65 2?5@2K5 A>>1I05B > 5;8:>< !D8=:A5.
18. 6>20==8 0BB8AB0 5;LF>=8, «>48=>:89 H0:0; 538?5BA:8E ?CABK=L», - :;0AA8G5A:89 ?@8<5@
8A:0B5;O ?@8:;NG5=89 8 :;04>8A:0B5;O 19 25:0, - 1K; ?5@2K< 8725AB=K< 52@>?59F5<, ?@>=8:H8<
2=CB@L ?8@0<84K %0D@0. 53> 1>;LH><C >3>@G5=8N, >4=0:>, 4> =53> BCB C65 ?>1K20;8 0@01K&
155
2.10.8 "CB0=E0<>=: A0<K5 ?5@2K5 2 <8@5 D>B>3@0D88 (2007-11-24 13:16)
!0<K5 ?5@2K5 D>B>3@0D88 [1]"CB0=E0<>=0 8 53> 3@>1=8FK 87 0@E820 The Times.
1. http://arheo.manefon.org/?p=129
2.10.9
8<=
B>=C. (2007-11-28 17:01)
>1028; =0 A09B [1] 38?5BA:0O ;8B5@0BC@0 ?5@52>4 [2] 8<=0
B>=C
1. http://egypt.hut2.ru/
2. http://egypt.hut2.ru/show.php?t=3&txt=31
2.11
5:01@L
2.11.1
38?5BA:85 4@52=>AB8 =0 Sotheby’s (2007-12-03 13:56)
0 Sotheby’s >?OBL 2KAB028;8 538?5BA:85 4@52=>AB8. >B [1]745AL <>6=> 273;O=CBL
1. http://browse.sothebys.com/?browsesort=lot_sort_number&c_date=Session+1+%7C+5+Dec+07%2C+2%
3A00+PM%3Cbr%3E&c_image=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sothebys.com%2Fmedia%2Flive%2Fpub%2F2007%2FNOV%
2Fp37631_thumb.jpg&c_location=New+York&c_name=Antiquities&cat=1&dp=Antiquities&event_id=
28483&g=1&hp=&hpc=&i=1&nb=1&sale_id=N08373&u1=dp
2.11.2
06=59H85 0@E5>;>38G5A:85 >B:@KB8O 2007 3>40 (2007-12-19 15:56)
0 2007 3>4 2 <8@5 1K;> A45;0=> <=>65AB2> 0@E5>;>38G5A:8E >B:@KB89, => =081>;55 206=K5 87 =8E
?>4B25@48;8 4>AB>25@=>ABL 81;88, >B:@K;8, GB> 4@52=85 3>@>40 2>7=8:0;8 =5 B>;L:> =0 1>;LH8E
@5:0E, CB>G=8;8, :>340 8 :0: 1K; 70A5;Q= <5@8:0=A:89 :>=B8=5=B 8 <=>3> 4@C3>5, > GQ< 40;55
1>;55 ?>4@>1=>.
B>38 ?>42545=K
<5@8:0=A:8< 8=AB8BCB>< 0@E5>;>388
>B 25AL B5:AB AB0BL8: [1] 06=59H85 0@E5>;>38G5A:85 >B:@KB8O 2007 3>40
1. http://arheo.manefon.org/?p=191
156
Gad’s LJBook v0.5,
LATEX 2ε & GNU/Linux.
http://www.ljbook.com
Edited: January 28, 2008
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