www.frenglish.ru A2-B1 3 2nd Edition Herbert Puchta & Jeff Stranks nd Student’s Book with Cyber Homework and Online Resources › By Kathryn O’Dell Series editor Bob Hastin gs Reader level Headwords • Student’sBookwithCyberHomework andOnlineResources • Workbook • Teacher’sBook 400 450 700 900 1,200 1,400 1,800 2,000 • AudioCDs(3) • DVD • TestbuilderCD-ROM/AudioCD • PresentationPlusDVD-ROMLevel3 Editio n MORE! 2 G. Gerngross C. Holzmann P. Lewis-Jones 3 www.frenglish.ru www.frenglish.ru Herbert Puchta & Jeff Stranks G. Gerngross C. Holzmann P. Lewis-Jones Student’s Book 2 Editio n MORE! nd 3 www.frenglish.ru Grammar UNIT ● ● ● 1 Vocabulary and Pronunciation Skills and Communication I’ve lost my wallet! present perfect irregular past participles how long? + for / since objects holidays Sounds right questions ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● UNIT ● ● ● 2 types of film Sounds right have ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 3 geographical features outdoor activities Sounds right going to ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 4 star signs Sounds right Do you …? ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 5 places Sounds right intonation in question tags ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 6 Say what you are going to do talk about preferences make offers / promises / predictions read an article about charities listen to a description of a holiday write an email Culture Voluntary work Extra Reading Travel – the future talk about superstitions /star signs talk about personality talk about consequences read about animal superstitions listen to interviews about being superstitious write a description of a person The School Magazine 2 DVD Bad Hair Day CLIL Geography: natural wonders Check your progress 2 Units 3 and 4 talk about tourist attractions ask for information at the cinema read about Brighton listen to someone talking about a trip to London write a paragraph about your town Culture Buildings of the future Extra Reading The Hound of the Baskervilles Teens around the world present simple passive make and let music Sounds right the letter t ● ● ● ● ● ● 2 The School Magazine 1 DVD The Mystery Boy CLIL Technology: bicycles Check your progress 1 Units 1 and 2 It’s a beautiful building, isn’t it? relative pronouns who / which / that question tags UNIT say what you have done say what films you like / don’t like read about film stars listen to someone talking about making a film write a short review of a film Superstitions first conditional prepositions common verbs + prepositions UNIT Culture Green city travel Extra Reading Black Beauty We’re going to travel to Morocco will would be going to (revision) UNIT ask about where people have been talk about suggestions and preferences ask about how long read some postcards listen to people talking about holidays write a postcard At the cinema present perfect + yet /already present perfect + just present perfect vs. past simple UNIT MORE! MAP OF THE BOOK say where things are done say what people let you do read about summer camps listen to teenagers talking about what their parents let them do write a plan The School Magazine 3 DVD Girls and Football CLIL Citizenship: youth parliaments Check your progress 3 Units 5 and 6 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary and Pronunciation Grammar UNIT ● ● 7 Skills and Communication MORE! talk about recycling talk about what you used to do read about recycling mobile phones listen to a text about plastic write a poster Culture Energy alternatives Extra Reading The Supertrees! Reduce, reuse, recycle used to so do I / neither do I materials Sounds right elision ● ● ● ● ● ● UNIT ● ● 8 It was hit by a hurricane natural disasters Sounds right the r sound too / not … enough past simple passive ● ● ● ● ● ● UNIT ● ● ● 9 computers Sounds right the ’d sound in I’d ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 10 cooking Sounds right Intonation: agreeing and disagreeing ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 11 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 12 Culture The internet Extra Reading Mowgli’s brothers make deductions express opinions read about the Mediterranean diet listen to people talking about food write a recipe The School Magazine 5 DVD Red Kite Alert CLIL Biology: disease and medicine Check your progress 5 Units 9 and 10 We should organise a protest reported speech (1) the environment Sounds right want /ask / tell asking and telling someone to do something UNIT give advice talk about what you would do read a problem page listen to people talking about problems write a reply to a problem It must be good for you deductions with must, might, can’t causative have infinitives of purpose UNIT The School Magazine 4 DVD The Phone Call CLIL Science: recycling plastics Check your progress 4 Units 7 and 8 I’d watch DVDs in bed second conditional If I were you … Indefinite pronouns UNIT tell people what to do express sympathy read about the inventor Nikola Tesla listen to a programme about inventors write a paragraph about inventions say what people should do say what you want people to do read an article about young people listen to teenagers talking about school rules write an article about environmental problems Culture Buildings Extra Reading How green can you be? It’s an awesome place! reported speech (2) physical appearance reflexive pronouns Sounds right lists ● ● ● ● ● ● justify opinions describe appearances read about appearances listen to people’s opinions write a paragraph on your opinion The School Magazine 6 DVD The Rivals CLIL History: transport Check your progress 6 Units 11 and 12 WORDLIST page 124-127 MAP OF THE BOOK 3 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 1 I’ve lost my wallet! You learn •• •• •and then you can • • • present perfect irregular past participles how long? + for / since words for objects words for holidays ask about where people have been talk about suggestions / preferences ask about how long 2 1 Listen and read. CD1 Alison You’re really late! Rob Sorry, Al. I’ve been in Windsor all day with my dad. We were stuck in traffic for ages. Have you ever been to Windsor? Alison No, I haven’t. But I’ve been here for about half an hour! What’s wrong with your phone? I tried to call you. Rob Sorry, I’ve got a new phone number. I’ve had it for a week. Haven’t I given it to you? Alison No, you haven’t! Rob Listen, I’m really sorry. Do you fancy getting a pizza? Alison Yes, I haven’t had dinner. But what about the cinema? The film has already started. Rob That’s a shame. What else is showing? How about the new Jack Black film? I’ve heard it’s really funny. Have you seen it? Alison No, I haven’t. But it started at 7.40. Rob Well, let’s go in now. We’ve only missed ten minutes. Alison But what about the pizza?! Rob We can eat something after the film. Come on, hurry up! I’ll buy the tickets. Alison What’s wrong? Rob Oh, no. I’ve lost my wallet! Alison Oh, Rob, really! 4 UNIT 1 www.frenglish.ru Dialogue work 2 Write Alison or Rob in each sentence. 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 3 CD1 ............................... has never been to Windsor. ............................... has been stuck in traffic. ............................... has been at the cinema for half an hour. ............................... hasn’t had dinner. ............................... has heard about the Jack Black film. ............................... hasn’t brought any money. Listen and repeat. Boy Have you ever been to Windsor? Girl No, I haven’t. Have you? Boy Yes, I have. Asking about where people have been 4 Ask and answer questions. Use the words on the right. A Have you ever been to England? 4 B Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. 5 CD1 England Spain the USA France Germany Listen and repeat. A You’re late! Where have you been? B Sorry! I’ve been at my grandmother’s. 6 Work in pairs. Use the pictures below to invent new dialogues like those in exercise 5. A B C D UNIT 1 5 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Objects 5 1 CD1 Write the number of the correct word in the picture. Then listen and check. 1 sunglasses 2 mobile phone 3 laptop 4 MP3 player 5 digital camera 6 tablet 7 headphones 8 wallet C B A E D G F H Holidays 2 Match the phrases to the pictures. 1 2 3 4 A 6 go on holiday ...... go sightseeing ...... buy souvenirs ...... go camping ...... 5 6 7 8 B stay in a hotel ...... take photographs ...... go hiking ...... stay with relatives ...... 9 go to the beach ...... 10 send postcards ...... C D E F G H I J UNIT 1 www.frenglish.ru Communication Talking about suggestions/preferences 6 3 CD1 Listen and repeat. A Let’s go to Scotland on holiday. B Scotland? No, I’d rather go to Ireland. 4 A Let’s go camping this year. B Camping? No, I’d rather go hiking. Work in pairs. Make conversations like the ones in exercise 3. Use the ideas below. go to London / go to New York stay with relatives / stay with friends stay in a hotel / go camping go to the beach / go hiking take photographs / buy postcards go sightseeing / go shopping Asking about how long 7 5 CD1 Listen and complete the dialogues. Mark I like your ..................... . How long have you had it? Jenny My .....................? I’ve had it for ..................... months. Mark Jenny Mark Jenny 7 Have you got a tablet? No, I haven’t. But I have got a ..................... . How long have you had it? I’ve had it since ..................... . 6 Listen again and repeat the dialogues. 7 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about things you have. CD1 Sounds right Questions 8 CD1 8 When we ask questions, our voice can go up or down at the end. When we ask ‘yes/no’ questions, our voice usually goes up. When we ask open questions, our voice usually goes down. Listen and repeat. Have you got a tablet? How long have you had it? UNIT 1 7 www.frenglish.ru Grammar Present perfect 1 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box. Check with the dialogue on page 4. I’ve 1 ....................... in Windsor all day with my dad. (= that’s why I’m late now) Have you ever 2 ....................... there? (= in your life) I haven’t 3 ....................... dinner. (= that’s why I’m hungry now) The film has already 4....................... . (= the film began in the past and is still showing now) had been (x2) started We use the Present perfect to talk about actions that happened or began in the past (it doesn’t matter exactly when) and are still relevant now. (Read the examples in brackets above.) We often use the Present perfect with ever (in questions) and never (in negative statements). Have you ever been to London? I’ve never been to Brighton. 22 Complete the tables with has, hasn’t, have or haven’t. Irregular past participles 4 Complete with the verbs in the box. Positive been take run seen had said buy make I / You / We / They have finished. He / She / It 1 .......... finished. Negative be – 1................. 2 ................. – bought catch – caught come – come do – done eat – eaten find – found go – been/gone I / You / We / They 2.......... finished. He / She / It hasn’t finished. Questions 3 4 .......... I / you / we / they finished? .......... he / she / it finished? Short answers Yes, I / you / we / they 5.......... No, I / you / we / they 6.......... . Yes, he / she / it 7.......... . No, he / she / it 8.......... . 33 Write the correct form of the Present perfect. 1 He .......................... a lot today. (work) 2 .......................... the film .......................? (finish) 3 I .......................... my gran since last week. (not visit) 4 We .......................... always .......................... here. (live) 5 .......................... you ever .......................... hockey? (play) 8 UNIT 1 55 have – 3................. know – known have – 3................. 4 ................. – made 5 ................. – ran say – 6................. see – 7................. 8 ................. – taken Complete the sentences. 1 We ...................... never ...................... to Paris. (be) 2 She isn’t here – she ...................... to the shops. (go) 3 We ...................... never ...................... that Bond film. Is it any good? (see) 4 They ...................... a new smartphone. It’s great. (buy) 5 How long ...................... you ...................... Suzy? (know) www.frenglish.ru Grammar How long? + for / since 6 Complete the sentences below. Check with the dialogues on page 7. I like your mobile phone. How 1 ....................... have you had it? My phone? I’ve had it 2 ....................... two months. I’ve had it 3 ....................... December. Use for to talk about a period of time: for two months / three days / a year. Use for ages to talk about a long time: I’ve lived in Brighton for ages. Use since to say the exact time when an action or situation began: since 2005 / December / 10 o’clock / last Friday 7 Circle the correct word. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 Don’t choose Zac for the team. He hasn’t scored for / since weeks! Molly has been in the school football team for / since two months. The grass is really dry. It hasn’t rained for / since April. I think my cat’s ill. She hasn’t eaten for / since Saturday. I want a new mobile phone. I’ve had this one for / since ages. I have had a terrible headache for / since this morning. Write sentences with for or since. Use the Present perfect. 1 We / know / each other / ages. ..................................................................................... 2 She / live / in Paris / 2010. ..................................................................................... 4 They / not speak / to each other / 3 I / be / in bed / the football match / last two weeks. Saturday. ..................................................................................... .................................................................................... ❯ Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 1a www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 1 9 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 A Read the postcards Julie wrote while she was in London. Match them to the photos. B C D F E 1 2 Dear all, ly busy I’m standing in Trafalgar Square. It’s real the National here – it’s the centre of London! I’m at here all Gallery. It’s a big art gallery. I’ve been s. morning. I’ve seen lots of famous painting 3 Dear Jane, I’m having a lovely time in London. We’ve been here since Sunday. This is Tower Bridge. When a big ship com es, the bridge goes up, and the ship can go under it. We have just walked across the bridge. They built it in the 19th century, but I think it looks older – like it has been here for ages! 5 10 UNIT Hi Stella, w I’ve been to the London Dungeon. No k I need a rest! The dungeon is cold, dar e and really scary! It’s all about tortur ing so and death. I never thought someth frightening could be so much fun! 1 4 Hi Jeremy, I’m lying on the grass in Hyde Park. This is the best place we have visited. I’ve bought som sunglasses, because the weather has been so e good since yesterday! We’ve had a picnic, and I’m looking up at a statue of Peter Pan – you know, the boy in the famous story – the one who never grew up. Hello Paul, don. This is We’re at the Tower of Lon . They’re ters a picture of some Beefea work at the the men and women who k ver y goo d Tower of London. They loo d unifor ms. in their special red and gol seum which mu We’ve visited a fantas tic els inside. has got all the Crown Jew 6 Hi everyone! I‛m at the London Eye – the gian t wheel which gives you a view right acr oss London. We‛ve just bought tickets. Now , we are in a long queue. We have already wai ted for half an hour! I can‛t wait to go on. I can look again at all the places that I‛ve seen since the start of my holiday! www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 9 2 CD1 Listen to three people talking about holidays they have had. Match the people to the experiences. a strange food b a dangerous holiday c a bad hotel 9 3 CD1 1 Shona 2 Harry 4 Amy Lee and Jordan … A looked at the menu before they ate. B didn’t enjoy their dinner. C asked some other people in the restaurant about the food. D only ate a little dinner. 5 Harry’s brother, William … A is an experienced climber. B doesn’t like climbing. C was climbing with friends. D is scared of heights. 6 William fell … A on the road. B during his climb. C at the top of the mountain. D when he was going home. Writing A postcard 4 Complete the postcard with these words. 5 Write a postcard to a friend. Write about a place you know, or the place you now. Follow the instructions below. 1 2 3 4 5 6 ❯ 3 Listen again and choose the correct answers. 1 Shona … A went on holiday to Scotland. B stayed in a campsite. C travelled by train. D drove to the hotel. 2 On the first night of her holiday, Shona … A didn’t sleep in the bed. B went to another hotel. C slept in her car. D went home. 3 Amy Lee and Jordan … A stopped to eat dinner. B ate in a large restaurant. C weren’t hungry. D had lunch in a restaurant. 6 Amy Lee Say where you are. Say how long you’ve been there. What is the weather like? What have you seen and done? What have you eaten? Are you enjoying your holiday? Show your postcard to another student in the class. taken been eaten since seen time Hello all, I’m in Rome. I’ve 1_____ here for two days, and I’m having a great 2_____. The weather is bad – it has rained 3_____ are in yesterday. I’ve 4_____ the Colosseum today. Tomorrow, we want to see the Vatican. There are so many things to see here. I’ve 5 _____ lots of photos already. Don’t worry - I’ll put them on the internet soon. I’ve 6_____ pizza, and I’ve visited lots of traditional cafés. See you soon, Love Julie Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 1b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 1 11 www.frenglish.ru C ulture The focus of our first special feature Around the world is on green city travel 6 Two-wheeling 6 V aroundV the city The city of Paris has had a selfservice bicycle rental system called Vélib for a number of years now. Parisians and visitors can pick up and drop off bicycles throughout the city. At the beginning, there were 750 locations – offering a total of 10,648 bikes. Now, there are approximately 1,800 locations in Paris – every 300 metres! – and 20,000 bikes. To use the bikes, riders can buy a one-day card, a weekly card or an annual card. After buying the card, riding for the first half hour is free and after that you pay per half hour of bike use. You can pay for the bike at any of the Vélib stations. Now, throughout the world, towns and cities are introducing similar city bike-hire schemes in order to improve the quality of life by getting more people cycling. Vélib in Paris has set an example for the world’s biggest cities. Now London, Boston and Montreal all have their own cycle-hire schemes. They hope this will reduce car traffic and make things easier for the people who live there. London started in 2010, and now there are 570 stations and more than 8,000 bikes. The new system was very popular – there were around one million cycle rides in the city In the first ten weeks! Over to you! Work in groups. What small thing that we can all do will make a huge difference to our environment? Design a poster and a plan, and present your idea to the class. MORE! Online Action Box Listening and Quiz online. Write a text for the MORE! Online journal. Put it online for students from other countries to read. 12 UNIT 1 ❯ Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CULTURE www.frenglish.ru E x t r a Reading Black Beauty by Anna Sewell This is the story of a horse named Black Beauty, from his early life on an English farm to his difficult life pulling cabs in London, and finally his happy retirement in the country. Along the way, he meets with many hardships and tells many stories of cruelty and kindness. Here Black Beauty is working for a man called Squire Gordon. A stormy day O ne day in autumn Squire Gordon went on a long journey. John went with him and I pulled the cart. The weather was rainy and windy, but we travelled happily until we came to the old wooden bridge. The man at the tollgate told us the river was rising fast. “There’s going to be a bad storm tonight,” he said. We arrived in the town, but Squire Gordon’s business took a long time. We didn’t leave until late afternoon. The wind was blowing, making a terrible sound. Suddenly we heard a crack, and a huge tree fell across the road in front of us. I stopped still. I was shaking with fear, but I did not turn round or run away. “We must go back to the crossroads,” said John, “and drive six miles to the wooden bridge.” When we got there it was nearly dark. There was water on the middle of the bridge, but the Squire did not stop. As soon as my feet touched the bridge I knew that something was wrong. I stopped dead. “Go on, Beauty,” said the Squire. “There’s something wrong, sir,” said John. He got out and tried to lead me forward. ❯ “Come on, Beauty,” he said. But I knew that the bridge was not safe. Just then the man saw us. “Hey there! Stop!” he cried. “What is it?” shouted the Squire. “The bridge is broken in the middle,” he answered. “If you go on to it, you are all going to drown in the river.” “Thank God!” said the Squire. “Thank you, Beauty!” said John. We turned around and went along the road by the river. For a long time no one said anything. Then John said: “Black Beauty saved our lives. He knew the bridge was dangerous.” When we returned home the Squire told Mrs Gordon, “We are all safe, thanks to Black Beauty!” That night I had good food to eat and a comfortable bed of straw. And I was glad, because I was very tired. Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for exercises UNIT 1 13 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 2 At the cinema 1 Read the magazine article about George Lucas. You learn •• •• and then you can •• • present perfect + yet / already present perfect + just present perfect vs. past simple words for types of film say what you have done say what films you like / don’t like talk about films A life in movies: George Lucas George Lucas is one of the most famous people in the film business. He has worked as a film director, producer and writer. And he has even acted in his own films! H ave you seen any Star Wars films yet? Most people have, because this film series is one of the most famous in film history. George Lucas is the creator of the series, with all their amazing special effects. Together with his good friend and fellow director, Steven Spielberg, he also created the Indiana Jones films. All these films have been huge box-office successes. The Star War series, for example, has become the third biggest-selling series in history. The first film came out in 1977, but the Star Wars series hasn’t finished yet. More films have just been made. George Lucas was born in 1944, in California. When he was a teenager, he loved cars and motor racing. In fact, before he became interested in film making, he wanted to be a racing car driver. His love for racing cars has already featured in Did you know? The producer controls the preparation of a film and gets the money for production together. The director is the person who tells the actors how to act in front of the camera. 14 UNIT 2 a film – American Graffiti. It’s about teenagers growing up in the 60s – and cars! Lucas went to university and studied film arts. His first Star Wars film was a huge success, but he wasn’t ready to stop yet. He went on to make another film in the series every three years. He has been an important influence on special effects technology, as these films show. Even though special effects get better and better all the time, the Star Wars films are still some of the greatest examples of this art. Dictionary work Find the words below in the text and circle the correct definition. Then check in your dictionary. 1 create a to make or produce b to lose something 2 box office a a small office b money made from tickets 3 feature a to talk to someone b to be a part of something 4 influence a a building b an important power over someone www.frenglish.ru Text work 2 Circle T (true) or F (false). Correct the false sentences. 1 2 3 4 George Lucas hasn’t only made Star Wars films. He only directs films. He hasn’t acted in any films yet. American Graffiti is a film about racing cars and teenagers. T/F T/F T/F T/F Saying what you have done 10 3 CD1 Listen and repeat. A Has Alice seen the new Star Wars yet? B No, she hasn’t. 4 Look at the table and ask and answer questions about Tom and Alice. Tom see / new Star Wars read / today’s newspaper see / 3D film see / new Twilight film eat / lunch listen / new One Direction CD do / their homework A Has Tom seen the new Star Wars yet? 5 A Has Tom done his homework yet? B Yes, he has. alice Tom ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ Alice ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ ✓ ✗ ✓ B Yes, he has. Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in exercise 4. Have you seen the new Star Wars yet? 6 Think of some recent popular films, books, games or music. Ask your partner if he/she has seen, read, played or listened to them. UNIT 2 15 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Films 1 Match the types of film to the pictures. 1 ....... cartoon 2 ....... western 3 ....... science fiction A B C D E F 2 Complete sentences 1–6 with words a–f. a star b director c cinema-goers 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 boring funny creative violent scary 16 4 ....... comedy 5 ....... war 6 ....... horror UNIT 2 d producer e film script f special effects The person who tells the actors what to do is the .......................... . The person who finds all the money to make the film is the .......................... . The most important actor in a film is the .......................... . The people who go to watch the film are the .......................... . Computer-generated things like animals and aliens are part of .......................... . The text of a film is in the .......................... . Complete the text with the words in the box. Although Spielberg is one of my favourite directors, I didn’t really enjoy the film Empire of the Sun. It wasn’t very interesting – in fact I thought it was quite 1.................................... ! I prefer his 2.................................... films like Jurassic Park and Jaws – I’ll never forget how scared I was when I was watching those! Spielberg is clearly a very 3.................................... director. He always tries to show a subject from a different point of view. War films are usually 4 .................................... , with lots of fighting, but he presents a different aspect of war in the epic Schindler’s List. The only kind of films he doesn’t seem to make are 5.................................... films. I don’t think people go to Spielberg films to laugh! www.frenglish.ru Communication Saying what films you like / don’t like 11 4 CD1 Listen and repeat. A What do you think of adventure films? B I think they’re exciting. 5 A What do you think of war films? B I don’t really like them. They’re always too violent. Ask and answer questions about films with a partner. A What do you think of … B I think they’re … Talking about films 6 Make a list of good films you have seen recently. ★★★★ 7 Good films I have seen recently ★★★★ Work in pairs. Talk about these films. Use the words below to help you. A Have you seen any good films recently? A What did you like about it? B Yes, I have. I saw … The actors were – brilliant. – great. – good-looking. – funny. – cool. The director – had so many good ideas. – made a sad / funny brilliant / film. – showed what it was like to be … B … The story was – exciting. – unusual. – funny. – real. The special effects were – wonderful. – cool. – excellent. Sounds right have 12 CD1 8 When we use the Present perfect, we usually pronounce have as a weak form. When we give short answers, we usually say have in a full form. Listen and repeat. Have you seen any good films recently? (= /h@v/) Yes, I have. (= /h&v/) No, I haven’t. (= /h&vn"t/) UNIT 2 17 www.frenglish.ru Grammar Present perfect + yet / already 1 Look back at the article on page 14 and complete the examples. Have you seen any Star Wars films 1 ....................... ? His love for racing cars has 2 ....................... featured in a film – American Graffiti. The Star Wars series hasn’t finished 3 ....................... You use 4....................... at the end of questions and negative sentences. You use 5....................... in positive sentences. 2 Match the sentences to the correct pictures. A B 1 ....... He hasn’t woken up yet. 2 ....... Her boyfriend hasn’t phoned her yet. 33 18 UNIT 2 Have you heard the new Bruno Mars album .......................... ? She’s .......................... starred in four films and she’s only 20. We haven’t been to that new cinema .......................... . I’ve .......................... seen this film on TV. I’ve .......................... finished reading the book. Have you downloaded the film .......................... ? Use these words to write sentences. Use yet or already. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Lauren / get / the new Rihanna album Jack / download / the film I / not finish / my homework John / see / the new Star Trek film Olivia / not be / to the new cinema We / not meet / our new teacher D 3 ....... He hasn’t cleaned his room yet. 4 ....... She hasn’t finished her homework yet. Complete the sentences with yet or already. 1 2 3 4 5 6 4 C www.frenglish.ru Grammar Present perfect + just 5 Complete the sentence and the rule with one word. The new Spielberg film has 1 ....................... been released. We use 2....................... in positive sentences to say that something happened a short time ago. 6 Write sentences in the Present perfect. 3 She / just / start / a new school / . 1 The film / just / finish / . 2 I / just / hear / some fantastic news / . 4 I / just / see / a great film at the cinema / . Present perfect vs. Past simple 7 Complete the sentences with the Present perfect or Past simple. Check with the article on page 14. He 1 ....................... (work) as a film director, producer and writer. The first one 2 ....................... (come out) in 1977. Lucas 3 ....................... (go) to university and 4 ....................... (study) film arts. He 5 ....................... (be) an important influence on special effects technology. We use the Present perfect to talk about an undefined past time, which is still important now. When we talk about something that is finished and not continuing, we use the Past simple. 83 Write the Present perfect or Past simple form of the verb in brackets. 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 Nick .......................... (go) to this school for three years before he moved to another town. I’m sure Oliver’s here. I .......................... (hear) him talking on the phone a minute ago. .......................... you ever .......................... (see) a film at the IMAX cinema? If you .......................... (finish) your homework, you can go out and ride your bike. Joe .......................... always .......................... (be) a good student. I .......................... (meet) Jessica in town on Saturday. She looked great. Complete the dialogue. Jake Have you ever 1 .......................... (go) to Spain, Keira? Keira Yes, I 2 .......................... (go) there last year with my parents and my sisters. It was lovely. I 3 .......................... (enjoy) it a lot. Why do you ask? Jake Well, I’m going there this summer and I want to know something about it, because I 4 .......................... (never be) there before. Keira Why not talk to Janine? She 5 .......................... (just come) back from a holiday there. Jake Really? Keira Yes, she 6 .......................... (get) home two days ago. I think she 7 .......................... (spend) a week there. Why did you choose Spain? Jake Oh, my mum 8 .......................... (always want) to go there. She loves the sun and the sea. ❯ Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 2a www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 2 19 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Look quickly at the article and the photos. What is the article about? a popular films b popular actors c the films that actors like most H O L LY W O O D F I L M S T A R S Drew w Barrymore was born in 1975. Many people in her ed in films, and family worked ven Spielberg the director Steven as a close friend, so it’s was prise that she had not a surprise st job as an actress her first at the age of 11 months! In 1981 she became famous as Gertie, the little girl in ET. Since then she has acted in a long list of films, and in 1995, she also became a producer. Her company made the film Charlie’s Angels which was very successful. So far, her films have made over 2.3 billion dollars. She now also works with the UN to help hungry people all over the world. 2 UNIT 2 Ever ybody likes Will Smith Everybody he’ cool, funny because he’s friendly. Will was first and friendly. a successful rap musician, and then became a star on TV He was as in a American TV. show about a young man who ved from a poor area of moved Philadelphia to live with his Bel-Air a rich area uncle in Bel-Air, of Los Angeles. The show popular Will started was very popular. w making films while he was show He working on his TV show. said he wanted to be “the biggest movie star in the ld”. Will has become one world”. star of America’s biggest stars. he’ a And not only in films – he’s successful musician, too! Read the article. Circle T (true) or F (false). 1 2 3 4 5 6 20 eople first fir noticed English People eira Knightley in a actress Keira film that she made in 2002. It was called Bend it like as about a Beckham and was s football team. She women’s fir Pirates of the was in the first Caribbean film with Johnny Or Depp and Orlando Bloom, too. Since then, she’s starred in lots of successful films. She always wanted to be an wor very actress. Keira works hard – in fact Keira thinks she ks too much, and says, sa works “I’m worried that if I continue king like this, I’ll start star to working hate films!” Drew Barrymore has worked as a film director. Drew’s films have made a lot of money. People first noticed Keira Knightley in a film about pirates. Keira thinks she should work harder. Will Smith started his career in films. Will is a successful musician. T/F T/F T/F T/F T/F T/F www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 13 3 CD1 Listen to Sophie and circle the correct answers. 1 Sophie was in a big Hollywood film / her brother’s home movie. 2 The film was a horror film / about dinosaurs. 3 There were lots of / only two people in the film. 13 4 CD1 Listen again. Choose the correct answers. 1 Sophie’s brother … A is a famous director. B is learning how to make films. 2 Sam is most interested in … A making the special effects. B writing scripts. 3 Sophie … A hates films that frighten her. B thinks scary films are OK. 4 Sam … A wrote the script without any help. B wrote the script with Sophie. 5 In the film … A Sophie and Mandy escaped from the monsters. B Sophie and Mandy didn’t escape from the monsters. 6 If Sam asks Sophie to act in another film … A she’ll ask Mandy to do it. B she won’t turn him down. Writing A film review 5 Read the film review and complete the information below. Last week I watched Dr No on TV. It was the first James Bond film and it was made in 1962. It stars Sean Connery as James Bond. It is set in Jamaica where Bond goes to investigate the death of another British agent. He finds that a scary character called Dr. No is planning to destroy American space rockets from his secret base. I like this film because the actors are very good. Ursula Andress plays the first Bond girl, and she is excellent. Joseph Wiseman is the baddie, Dr No. If you haven’t seen Dr. No yet, then you should! I recommend it because this is the first James Bond film – and if you like Bond films, then you’ll love it. The name of the film is … ............................................................................................................................................ It was made in … ............................................................................................................................................ It stars … ............................................................................................................................................ It is set in … ............................................................................................................................................ I like this film because … ............................................................................................................................................ I recommend this film because … ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Think about a film you have seen. Write a review of the film. Write about the topics below. • • the actors where it is set • • why you like it / don’t like it Do you recommend it? Why/Why not? DVD Now watch The School Magazine Episode 1. DVD exercises at www.cambridge.org/elt/more ❯ Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 2b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 2 21 www.frenglish.ru CL I L Technology Bicycles 14 1 CD1 Look at the photos of the two bicycles and circle the correct answers. Then listen and check. 1920 2013 What do you think? 1 What is the new bicycle made of? 2 What is the old bicycle made of? 3 How much does the new bicycle weigh? 4 How much does the old bicycle weigh? 2 aluminium aluminium iron and wood iron and wood 2 kg 2 kg 8 kg 8 kg steel steel 12 kg 12 kg titanium and carbon fibre titanium and carbon fibre 20 kg 20 kg Complete the article with the words below. cameras electronic gears mountain processes pedals stronger titanium Bicycles have come a long way! The first bicycles were built in the 1800s. They had iron and wood frames, wooden 1..................... and rubber tyres. Over the years, bicycle design, materials, components such as gears and brakes and manufacturing 2 ..................... have all improved and now modern technology means cycling has become high-tech. Today’s bicycles are made of space-age materials like 3..................... and carbon fibre which means they are much lighter and 4..................... than the early iron and wooden models. Other developments like multi 5 ..................... allow cyclists to go faster as well as to climb much steeper hills. Cyclists can now reach speeds of 110 km per hour while descending 6..................... roads. Bicycle styles have changed too and there is now a large choice of specialised bikes – road bikes, touring bikes, mountain bikes, cruiser bikes, BMX bikes and tandems. In recent times, high-tech gadgets and 7..................... components have changed the way cyclists ride as well. There are new wheels, gear-shifting systems, heart-rate and performance monitors, apps, helmet video 8 ..................... and more. So, off you go. Happy cycling! 3 Read the article again and answer the questions. 1 What were bikes made of in the 19th century? 2 What effect have new materials had on today’s bikes? 3 What do multi gears allow cyclists to do? 4 How fast can cyclists go downhill now? WEBQUEST Find out: What sort of bikes do they use in Olympic track events? How are they different to road bikes? 22 UNIT 2 ❯ Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CLIL www.frenglish.ru Check your progress 1 1 5 Complete the names of the objects. 1 l_pt_p 2 d_g_t_l c_ _e_ _ 3 _e_dp_ _n_ _ Units 1 and 2 4 w_ _ _e_ 5 _un_ _a_s_s 6 t_ _ _e _ for since Unscramble the types of film. 1 I don’t like rrhoor films – they make me scared! ................................ 2 I saw a mycode film last night – it was very funny. ................................ 3 Star Wars is my favourite niecesc ticnifo film. ................................ 4 My father likes raw films, but my mother doesn’t. ................................ 5 Movies with cowboys are called stewsren. ................................ 6 A notroca is made of moving pictures. ................................ 6 Complete the dialogues. A 1............... you ever ................ (work) in an office? B No, I 2 ................... . A How long 3........... she........... (be) in London? B She 4............. ................ in London 5 ............. 2012. A 6......... they ......... (see) their new house yet? B Yes, they 7........ already .........(move). I 8 ........... (go) to see them yesterday! 8 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the Present perfect. 1 2 3 4 5 He ................................ (not / eat) dinner yet. We ................................ (know) him for years. She ................................ (buy) a lot of things. It ................................ (take) a long time. I ................................ (not find) the pen I lost. ❯ yet 5 you / Have / a / film / horror / seen / ever / ? yet / you / finished / Have / your / homework / ? long / you / How / London / lived / in / have / ? already / been / beach / Have / to / you / the / ? you / long / been / How / have / here / ? 5 7 Complete the story with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. ....................... you ever ....................... (have) a really terrible holiday? I have – last year. I 2....................... (go) to Scotland with some friends. We 3....................... (not / have) a lot of money so we 4....................... (decide) to go camping. We 5....................... (arrive) one evening at the campsite near a lake. It 6 ....................... (be) very windy and then it 7 ....................... (start) to rain. We 8....................... (not / can) put the tent up. We 9....................... (be) very unhappy. I 10....................... never ....................... (be) so cold and wet in my life. I’m never going camping again. 1 10 MY PROGRESS SO FAR IS... just Put the questions in order. 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 already 1 I haven’t finished my homework ....................... . 2 We have been here ....................... 4 o’clock. 3 A Do you want to go to Paris? B No, I’ve ....................... been there. I went two years ago. 4 I’ve lived in Canada ....................... three years. 5 He’s ....................... come back from holiday. 6 2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. 10 50 TOTAL brilliant! Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for MORE! training quite good. not great. CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 1 UNIT 2 23 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 3 We’re going to travel to Morocco You learn •• •• • will would be going to (revision) words for geographical features words for outdoor activities and then you can • •• say what you are going to do talk about preferences make offers / promises / predictions 15 1 CD1 Listen and read. Holly James Holly James Holly James So, have you decided what you’re going to do for the summer? Yes, you’ll never guess! Oh, come on! Tell me! OK. My big brother and I are going to travel to Morocco. Morocco? How can you afford that? Well, it’s to raise money for charity. We’re going to rough it. We aren’t going to stay in hotels. I’m sure we’ll have a great time! Holly So how are you going to raise the money? James Easy! We’re going to ask our friends and families to sponsor us. Will you sponsor me, too? You can be the first! Holly Of course I will! Hey! I’m going to miss you! James Oh, don’t worry. I’ll post messages on the charity website when I can. Holly And how are you going to do that? James With my mobile of course. Holly Ah, I thought you were going to ‘rough it’, James! 24 24 UNIT UNIT 3 3 www.frenglish.ru Dialogue work 2 Match the sentence halves. 1 2 3 4 5 James and his brother are People are The boys aren’t They’re going to Holly can a b c d e read their messages on the website. going to go to Morocco. take their mobile phones. going to stay in hotels. going to sponsor them. Saying what you are going to do 16 3 CD1 Listen and repeat. A What are you going to do this evening? B I’m not sure. I think I’ll go to the cinema. A Are you going to play volleyball tonight? B No, I’m going to watch the football match. 4 Work in pairs. Ask and answer. Use the ideas in the photos below. What are you going to do this afternoon / tomorrow / tonight / on holiday? I’m going to ... I’m not sure. I think I’ll ... go cycling watch TV go shopping hang out with my friends go to the beach study UNIT 3 25 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Geographical features 17 1 CD1 Listen and complete the words under the pictures. 1 In this picture there is a m................... , a v................... and a r................... . You can see a busy r................... with lots of cars. 2 In this picture there is a v................... , a m................... and a f................... . You can see the m................... in the sky. 3 In this picture there is a l................... , a h................... and some f.................... .You can see some s.................... in the sky. 4 In this picture there is a t................... , a b................... and the s................... . The sun is in the s................... . Outdoor activities 2 26 Here are six activities you can do at an adventure camp. Number them 1–6: 1 = the activity you think is best, 6 = the activity you think is worst. canoeing rock climbing geocaching caving trekking mountain biking UNIT 3 www.frenglish.ru Communication Talking about preferences 18 3 CD1 Listen and repeat. A Let’s go canoeing. B No, that’s too difficult. I’d prefer to go trekking. C Trekking? No, that’s boring! I’d rather go rock climbing. 19 4 CD1 Complete the dialogue with prefer or rather. Listen and check. Helen Are we going to go canoeing on Saturday? It’s going to be warm. Archie I’d 1 .......................... go on Sunday. I’m going to visit my grandmother on Saturday. She lives a long way away. How about going on Sunday afternoon? Helen Well, I’d 2 .......................... to go on Saturday. There’s going to be an exam on Monday, and I want to study all day on Sunday. 5 Work in groups of three. Discuss activities for the group to do. A Let’s go … B No, that’s too difficult. I’d prefer to go … C No, that’s boring! I’d rather go … Sounds right going to 20 6 CD1 When we say going to, it often sounds like ‘gonna’. Listen and repeat. 1 2 3 4 It’s going to be warm. Are we going to go canoeing on Saturday? I’m going to visit my grandmother. There’s going to be an exam on Monday. Making offers / promises / predictions 7 Match the sentences with the correct pictures below. Act the dialogues out with a partner. 1 I’ll do the washing up for you. 2 He won’t bite you! A Come on, touch him. B 3 I’ll buy you a new one. Sit down, Mum. C I’m really sorry, Mum. UNIT 3 27 www.frenglish.ru Grammar will 1 Match the examples with the rules. 1 I’ll help you with your homework. 2 It’ll be dark soon. 3 Don’t worry! My dog won’t bite you! 4 I think I’ll phone him. We use will to: a make offers: ........................ b make promises: ........................ c make decisions (usually at the same time as speaking): ........................ d make a prediction ........................ 2 Complete the sentences on the left. Use will and the verb in brackets. Then match the sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 ‘Don’t worry – ....................... you.’ (help) ‘That’s OK. ........................ one for you.’ (buy) ‘OK. ........................ some orange juice.’ (get) ‘‘It’s OK – ........................ it to you.’ (explain) ‘I don’t know. ....................... her.’ (phone) ‘OK. ........................ the window if you like.’ (open) a b c d e f ‘I don’t understand this!’ ‘This bag’s very heavy!’ ‘Where’s Mandy?’ ‘It’s hot in here!’ ‘I’m thirsty.’ ‘I haven’t got enough money for an ice cream.’ would 3 Match the examples with the meanings. 1 2 3 4 I’d like to be in the sun. (= would like to) Would you like to go on Sunday afternoon? I’d rather go trekking in the forest. (= would rather) I’d prefer to go to the beach on Saturday. (= would prefer to) a to ask someone what they want: ........................ b to say what you want, in general: ........................ c to say that you want one thing more than another thing: ........................ and ........................ 4 Circle the correct word. 1 A B 2 A B 3 A Would you rather / like to go to the café with me? Sorry, I’m busy right now. Would you like to see a film tonight? No, I’d rather / prefer study at home. Where would you like to go on holiday – the mountains or the beach? B I’d rather / prefer to go to the beach. 4 A Do you want anything to drink? B Yes, I’d prefer / like some water, please. 28 UNIT 3 www.frenglish.ru Grammar be going to (revision) 5 Put the words in the correct order then check in the dialogue on page 24. 1 My brother and I / to / travel / to / are / Morocco / going / . 2 How / you / to / going / raise / money / the / are / ? We use be going to to talk and ask about future intentions, and things we have already decided to do in the future. We also use be going to to make predictions based on present evidence. 6 Write sentences with be going to. 1 Dad / buy plane tickets for our holiday in Africa. 2 we / stay in big tents next to a river. 3 my aunt / come with us. 7 4 we / see lots of wild animals. 5 Mum / take photos of the animals. 6 I / see lions. What do you think is going to happen? Write a sentence for each picture using be going to. 1 ...................................................................................... 2 ...................................................................................... 3 ...................................................................................... 4 ...................................................................................... 5 ...................................................................................... 6 ...................................................................................... ❯ Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 3a www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 3 29 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Look quickly at the photos and the article. Answer the questions. 1 Who is going to work for free? 2 Who is going to drive a very long way? 3 Who is going to spend a lot of time cycling? Charity: What are you going to do? We can help people in interesting ways. Some people run marathons and ask people to sponsor them. Then, they give the money to a charity – for example, to help a hospital buy a new machine. Other people work for free. We asked three people about their plans to help others. Rachel I love cycling. So this year, I’m going to do the London to Paris bike ride. People think I’m crazy, because I’ll have to cycle 500 km. I plan to do it in five days, so I will need to be fast. I’m a bit worried about sitting on my bike every day. I‘ve never been on a bike for so long before, but I want to raise money for charity. My mum was ill this year, and I want to collect money for people who have the same problem as her. A lot of people say that they will give me money if I finish! Sara I will have some time before university this summer, so I am going to work as a volunteer! I won’t get money, but I will get a place to stay and some food. I love animals, especially birds, and I am going to stay for one month on an island called Skomer. It is off the coast of Wales, and there are thousands of beautiful birds called puffins. My job will be to walk around the island, and count the birds every day. I will also talk to visitors and check that the paths are clean and safe. Jonathan My friend Mike and I are going to do something very big and crazy this year. We are going on a journey in a tuk tuk! We are going to raise money for a school in our town. A tuk tuk is a special kind of car, which you can find in places like Thailand and India. It has a maximum speed of about 40 kph, which is a bit faster than a bike. We are going to travel from London to India. That’s about 7,000 km and it will take months and months. It’s going to be great! 2 Read the article and tick (✓) the correct parts of the table. Rachel Sara Jonathan likes wildlife is going to raise money for sick people is going to raise money for children doesn’t think it will be easy will travel very slowly is going to look after things and people 30 UNIT 3 www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 21 3 CD1 Listen and answer the questions. 1 Which country is Mia going to? 2 Who is she going with? 3 What is she going to see? 21 4 CD1 Listen again and correct the wrong information in the sentences below. 1 The flight will take about 10 hours. 2 Mia’s family are going to sleep in a hotel at the place called Lion Cabin. 3 Next they are going to visit some famous temples. 4 Then they’re going on a safari in a Land Rover. 5 On the safari, they are going to wear clothes with bright colours. 6 Mia’s mum and dad want to visit some markets in Nairobi. Writing An email 5 Read the email. What is the writer going to do at the weekend? From: Anna <anna@yahoo.co.uk> To: Sara <sara@gmail.com> ____________________________________________________________________ Hi Sara, How are you? What are you going to do at the weekend? Would you like to join me? I think the weather will be nice, so I’m going to cycle by the river. There’s a café where we can stop and have some drinks or we can take some food and have a picnic. Ted wants Matthew to come too. He’s got a test on Monday so he’s going to bring his laptop! He’s impossible! Anyway, please come. It will be nice not to spend all weekend at home! Speak to you soon, Anna 6 Write a short email to another student in the class. Follow the instructions. • • • 7 ❯ say what you are going to do next weekend ask what your partner is going to do suggest something that you can do together Work in pairs and read each other’s emails. Discuss the plans you suggested and decide what you are going to do together at the weekend. Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 3b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 3 31 www.frenglish.ru C ulture The focus of our second special feature Around the world is on voluntary work Volunteer in the Amazon rainforest Work with us in our rainforest conservation project in Peru. You will live deep in the Amazon rainforest at our campsite, and you will take part in important research. This is the chance of a lifetime to work and live in one of the most beautiful and exciting places on the planet. You do not need experience for this job. You just need to be hard-working and full of energy. You will help study the wild animals, help the full-time staff, and clean the campsite. You need to have a strong personality. Our volunteers work for six hours a day and there is no internet or electricity here. The nearest town is four hours away by boat. If you would like to join us on our two-week work programmes, click here for more information. Over to you! What do you think about doing voluntary work (working for no money)? What voluntary work can you do where you live? Is it common where you live for young people to do voluntary work? Volunteer in schools in Ghana MORE! Online Action Box Listening and Quiz online. Write a text for the MORE! Online journal. Put it online for students from other countries to read. ❯ 32 UNIT Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CULTURE 3 G hana is on the west coast of Africa. It is a beautiful country with friendly people. We want classroom assistants to show the children basic computer skills. The young children in Ghana are very interested in learning about technology, but don’t often get the opportunity. If you can teach basic programs and how to find information online, then we need you! You need to be flexible and sociable. You will work long hours, but your skills will really help the future generations of this country. Contact us at www.ghanavol.com www.frenglish.ru E x t r a Reading Travel the future Only 25 years ago, travelling was very different. We didn’t have cheap flights, so people who wanted to travel long distances had to pay a lot of money, or go on long bus or train journeys. Also, people didn’t use the internet in the past. So if you wanted to check information about a place, you had to buy a book or go there! Nowadays, you can book a hotel or a flight online very easily. You can also go online and see what a place looks like. The world has become smaller, and we can all travel much more easily. But what will the next 25 years of travel be like? Let’s take a look into a possible future … Travel guides To infinity and beyond In the past, people bought guide books. In the future, everybody can be a travel writer. People will easily be able to upload photos and write comments about the places they visit. So travel books will disappear. All the information we want will be online. A to B in the blink of an eye And how about a hotel on the Moon? Why not! At the moment, only billionaires can afford to travel into space. But in the future, there will be more opportunities to travel outside the planet Earth. You will be able to take a short rocket trip to see the Earth from space for a few minutes. Or you will be able to spend one or two nights sleeping in a zero-gravity environment. But you will need to book your ticket many years in advance. Tradition Travel will become faster. There are already highspeed trains in many countries in the world. These will get faster and will travel to more countries. Planes will become faster too. Some people think that it will be possible to travel between Europe and Australia in just four hours without stopping! More people will travel too, especially from China and India. ❯ And finally, remember that some things will not change. Places like the pyramids in Egypt have been tourist destinations for thousands of years. Tourists will always want to see things like the pyramids, the Colosseum in Rome, the Alhambra in Spain and the Eiffel Tower in Paris. Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for exercises UNIT 3 33 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 4 Superstitions 1 You learn •• • •and then you can • •• first conditional prepositions common verbs + prepositions words for star signs talk about superstitions / star signs talk about personality talk about consequences Are you superstitious? Read about amazing superstitions. Are you SUPERSTITIOUS? There are many superstitions around the world. For example, some Brazilians believe you will have lots of money if you eat lentils on the first of January. In China, you will have good luck if you clean your house at the beginning of the year. Here are some more … SNAKES Snakes are a symbol of money in Japan. If you put a piece of snake skin into your wallet, you are going to become rich or find money. People say that if you kill a snake, you will lose your money. And if someone finds a white snake, he or she will be lucky in life. That’s why some people actually put a picture of a white snake on the wall! FOOD People in Romania believe that if a young man eats the corners of a piece of bread, he will have a good relationship with his future wife’s mother! MONEY In Argentina, if you drop a coin into a fountain, you can have three wishes. You have to turn backwards in front of the fountain, then make three wishes and drop a coin in the fountain. They say your wishes will come true – some day. But if you pick up coins from a fountain, you will have bad luck! Brazilians believe that if you put your purse on the floor, your money will disappear and you won’t know where it went. 34 UNIT 4 In Thailand, if you eat cold rice mixed with hot rice, you will lose your way the next time you go out. Dictionary work Circle the correct definition for the following words. Then check in your dictionary. 1 drop a to let something fall b to throw 2 fountain a stream or small river b water coming out of a structure 3 backwards a walking with your back to something b walking away from something 4 relationship a someone in your family b the way in which you behave / feel towards a person www.frenglish.ru Text work 2 Complete the statements about superstitions with the correct information from the text. 1 2 3 4 5 In Thailand, if you eat hot and cold rice at the same time … Some people in Argentina believe their wishes will come true if … Some Brazilians believe that if you put your purse … In Romania, if a young man wants his future wife’s mother to like him … In Japan, if you find a white snake … Talking about superstitions 22 3 CD1 Listen and repeat. A What will happen if I kill a snake? B You’ll lose your money. 4 Work in pairs. Take turns to invent different superstitions. Use the pictures and the ideas below. have good luck be very healthy 5 A What will happen if I put my purse on the floor? B Your money will disappear. find a lot of money have a happy life your love will run away see how many children you will have wear red clothes eat 12 grapes at midnight break a glass at a wedding give shoes to your girlfriend eat broccoli on a Monday cut an apple and count the seeds inside What about in your country? Complete the sentence. In my country, if you .........................., you’ll .......................... UNIT 4 35 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Star signs 1 Work in small groups. Look at the star signs below. Which star sign are you? THE ZODIAC ARIES 21 March – 19 April CANCER 21 June – 20 July TAURUS 20 April – 20 May LEO 21 July – 22 August GEMINI 21 May – 20 June 23 21 CD1 32 CD1 SCORPIO 23 October – 21 November SAGITTARIUS 22 November – 21 December Listen and repeat. A Are you a typical Cancer? B No, I’m not. I hate love stories! 36 UNIT 4 AQUARIUS 20 January – 18 February PISCES 19 February – 20 March A .......................... is very friendly and gets on very well with other people. .......................... are happy people. They always smile and laugh a lot. .......................... are very determined and always get what they want. A .......................... is very energetic, works hard and is busy all the time. .......................... are very helpful. They have lots of friends. .......................... are very intelligent. They love solving all kinds of problems. .......................... are very romantic. They like love stories. .......................... are very dynamic. They love to keep fit and do all kinds of sports. .......................... are very passionate. They feel very positive about what they do. A .......................... is very flexible and can do more than one thing at the same time. An .......................... is very positive and always sees the good side of life. A .......................... is a very generous person and likes giving presents. A Are you a typical Leo? B Yes, I am. I like being with other people and I have lots of friends. 43 CAPRICORN 22 December – 19 January Work in pairs. Try and complete the sentences with the correct star signs. Then listen and check. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 24 VIRGO 23 August – 22 September LIBRA 23 September – 22 October Work in pairs. Talk about your star sign and your personality. www.frenglish.ru Communication Talking about personality 25 5 CD1 Listen to the dialogue between a careers counsellor and a student. Tick (✓) the activities Sam likes doing. What jobs could he choose? talking to people speaking foreign languages travelling fixing things cooking doing sums 6 Tick (✓) the two things above that you like most. 7 Role play. Student A is a careers counsellor. Student B is the student. A interviews B and suggests possible jobs. writer mechanic nurse sales assistant police officer computer programmer waiter electrician doctor dentist A B A B A Do you like travelling? Yes, very much. / Yes, I love it. Do you like working with animals? No, I don’t. I like people. You could become a tourist guide. Talking about consequences 8 Work in pairs. Complete the sentences below. Then invent your own. 1 If it rains, I will … 2 If my parents give me some money this year, I will … 3 If I do well in my exams, I will … 4 If I am free at the weekend, I will … 5 If my teacher thinks it’s a good idea, I will …. Sounds right Do you … ? 26 9 CD1 When we say Do you in a question, we often say it as one sound. We don’t pronounce Do strongly. Listen and repeat. Do you like travelling? 27 CD1 10 Do you like cooking? When we say do or don’t in an answer, we usually say it strongly. Listen and repeat. A Do you like travelling? B Yes, I do. A Do you like cooking? B No, I don’t. UNIT 4 37 www.frenglish.ru Grammar First conditional 1 Look at the examples and circle the correct word to complete the rules. If you find a white snake, you will be lucky in life. Your wishes will come true if you drop a coin in a fountain. We use if and will to talk about what we think is 1 possible / not possible, if something else happens. These are called first conditional sentences. In the if part of a first conditional sentence, we use the 2 Past / Present simple. 2 Write the correct form of the verbs in brackets to make first conditional sentences. 1 You .......................... (not have) good luck if you .......................... (go) into a house through one door and leave through another. 2 If you ..........................(dream) that you are running, you .......................... (have) some big changes in your life. 3 Good things .......................... (happen) if you .......................... (see) a black cat walking towards you. 4 You .......................... (have) good luck if you .......................... (cut) your hair when the moon is full. 5 If you .......................... (say) ‘White rabbit’ on the first day of the month, it .......................... (be) a good month for you. 3 Put the questions in order. 1 2 3 4 5 6 go out at the weekend / Will / rains / if / you / it / ? win / the match / Will / if / we / train hard / we / ? If / me / Tim / phones / tell / you / will / ? my wallet, / find / will / If / you / call / you / me / ? have a party, / you / you / will / invite / If / me / ? dinner / don’t eat / be angry / Will / you / I / if / ? Prepositions 4 Complete the sentences with prepositions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 38 UNIT 4 My birthday is 1......... the 3rd of January. I’m going to buy a new car 2......... the beginning of the year. My parents have just bought a flat 3......... Rio de Janeiro. Jake has got some really cool posters 4......... his bedroom walls. Help! I dropped my sunglasses 5......... the river. The thief took some money 6......... my wallet. www.frenglish.ru Grammar 5 Look at the prepositions in exercise 4. Which refer to: a) place? 6 b) movement? c) time? Complete the sentences with the correct preposition. 1 2 3 4 5 6 There’s some money .......................... the floor – is it yours? Let’s meet .......................... three o’clock .......................... Thursday. It’s not good to sit .......................... a computer all day. The bank is .......................... the cinema, opposite the supermarket. I was born .......................... the spring – .......................... 22nd March. The cat’s under the table .......................... the dining room. Common verbs + prepositions Some verbs are followed by certain prepositions. This often changes the meaning of the verb. I get on the bus at the station every day. I get off the bus at the central station. I always get to school on time. 7 Circle the correct preposition. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 Are you waiting of /on /for the bus? Let's ask for /on /at the bill. Can you help me get down /out of /off the car, please? Let me pay over /in /for this meal. Do you usually tell him for /about /on things? Did you read for /about /in the new film? You must apologise at /for /on being late. Do you believe of /at /in ghosts? Complete the sentences with the correct preposition. about 1 2 3 4 5 6 ❯ at (x2) with for on I'm depending .......................... you for support! What do you see when you look .......................... the sky? What are you thinking .......................... ? Why are you laughing .......................... me? What did I do? I’m sorry but I don’t agree .......................... you. I want to apologise .......................... being rude. I’m sorry. Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 4a www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 4 39 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Decide if these things are good or bad luck. Then read the article and check. good luck bad luck seeing a black cat a strange dog coming to your house shaking your money if you hear a cuckoo Animal superstitions I don’t know why, but there are lots of superstitions about cats and dogs. I’m sure everyone knows that you’ll have bad luck if you see a black cat*, but did you know that if you put butter on a cat’s feet, it will never go far from your house? Or at least that’s what some people think! In the past, visitors to English homes always kissed the cat when they arrived, and in Scotland, people think that if a strange dog comes to your house, you’ll make new friends. There are superstitions about these animals and the weather, too. For instance, if a cat washes its face, or if a dog eats grass, it will rain! But if you live in England, you know that it will rain soon anyway! Many superstitions say that birds can also bring good or bad luck. When you see a magpie, you should remember to say, ‘Hello, Mr Magpie.’ That will protect you from bad luck. Of course, if other people hear you, they may think you’re a little strange, so say it quietly! Sometimes nice things can happen when you see a bird – a cuckoo, for example. Cuckoos sing at the start of spring, and if you shake your money when you hear one, you’ll be rich! Here’s another one about a bird – if a chicken comes into your house, then a visitor will arrive soon. The same thing will happen if a bee comes in, but if you kill the bee, then the visitor won’t be a nice person – so be nice to bees! * In Asia and the UK black cats are lucky! 2 Read the article again. Choose the correct answers. 1 A cat with butter on its feet … A will soon leave your house. B will always stay near its home. C brings bad luck. D will travel a long way. 2 If a cat washes its face, … A it will rain. B there will be good weather. C it is ill. D it is very dirty. 3 Birds … A always bring bad luck. B always bring good luck. C can sometimes bring good things. D mustn’t fly into your house. 40 UNIT 4 4 You should … A never look at a magpie. B say nothing when you see a magpie. C wish for good luck when you see a magpie. D say hello when you see a magpie. 5 If you hear a cuckoo sing … A you will get rich. B you will have a visitor soon. C you will have bad luck. D you should shake your money. 6 If there’s a bee in your house, … A you should kill it. B it’s best not to kill it. C it will bring good luck. D it will bring bad luck. www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 28 3 CD1 Listen to three people (Sue, Adam and Anna) answering the question ‘Are you superstitious?’ Tick (✓) ‘yes’ or ‘no’. Sue yes 28 4 CD1 Adam no yes no Anna yes no Listen again and complete the sentences below with one word. 1 Sue Some people think that Friday the 13th is an .......................... day, but I don’t. 2 Sue I think you should just be .......................... and act in a .......................... way. Then, nothing bad will happen to you. 3 Adam I wear my .......................... red socks when I have an exam. 4 Adam I always pass my exams. Maybe these things do .......................... me luck. 5 Anna There are lots of superstitions that I don’t .......................... in. 6 Anna If I want something good to happen, I always cross my fingers and make a .......................... . Writing A description of a person 5 Read Tom’s description of a person he knows. Who do you think it is? 1 his mother 2 his girlfriend 3 his teacher and happy. She always sees dly en fri y ver ays alw is n rso pe This rd-working and is busy all the the good side of life. She is ha me to clean my room, but asks time. I don’t like it when she is everything to be perfect. She that’s only because she likes ually I clean my room in the always very determined, so us . The best thing is that she is end and I do what she tells me es me something special for my giv ays alw e Sh s. rou ne ge y ver a big cake with my name on it. birthday. Last year, she made 6 Underline the adjectives in the text which describe someone’s personality. 7 Work in pairs. Write a description of your partner. Use adjectives to describe their personality. 8 Read your partner’s description. Do you agree with it? DVD Now watch The School Magazine Episode 2. DVD exercises at www.cambridge.org/elt/more ❯ Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 4b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 4 41 www.frenglish.ru CL I L Geography Natural wonders 1 Look at the photos. Where do you think these places are? 2 Read the article and answer the questions. 1 The Grand Canyon is in the state of Arizona, USA. It is 446 km long, up to 29 km wide and as much as 1,800 metres deep. Nearly two billion years of the Earth’s geological history are visible where the Colorado River has cut a channel through the layers of rock. There are many waterfalls along the river. The Havasu Falls are the most famous. The waterfalls consist of one main chute that drops over a 30m vertical cliff. 1 How was the Grand Canyon formed? 2 How high are the Havasu falls? 29 3 CD1 2 New Zealand sits on two tectonic plates. The North Island and some parts of the South Island sit on the Australian plate, while the rest of the South Island sits on the Pacific plate. Because these plates are constantly moving and grinding into each other, New Zealand gets a lot of geological activity and earthquakes. It also has some spectacular geothermal areas. The city of Rotorua is the main centre for geothermal activity with plenty of mud pools, geysers, and hot springs and its wellknown ‘Sulphur City’ smell. 3 Why does New Zealand get a lot of earthquakes? 4 What can you see in Rotorua? Listen and complete the factfile. Factfile The Atacama Desert Where is it? ..................................... How big is it? ..................................... What sort of desert is it? ..................................... What is the average rainfall? ..................................... WEBQUEST Find out: What special geographical features are there in your country? How and when were they formed? 42 UNIT 4 ❯ Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CLIL www.frenglish.ru Check your progress 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 We went fishing at the l_ _ _. I often drive on the m_ _ _ _ _ _ _. The m _ _ _ was full last night. I climbed to the top of the h_ _ _. There are bright s_ _ _ _ in the sky. The f_ _ _ _ was full of flowers. 2 intelligent 3 romantic 4 energetic 5 positive 6 generous 6 6 tomorrow / What / is / to / going / do / he / ? think / I / it’s / rain / to / going / tonight / . We / going / to / America / travel / to / are / . you / at / Will / be / the / at home / weekend / ? think / will / Mike / email / I / tonight / I / . late / Don’t / won’t / I / worry, / be / ! 6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. A I’d like 1 ....................... (visit) the museum. Would you like 2 ....................... (come)? B I think I’d rather 3 ....................... (go) to the beach. A Oh, I’d prefer 4 ....................... (do) something more intelligent than go to a beach. B But wouldn’t you prefer 5 ....................... (be) outdoors? It’s a sunny day – most people would rather 6 ....................... (stay) outside. I dropped my wallet ................ the floor. I woke up ................ 5 o’clock today! He sits ................ front of his laptop all day. My birthday is ................ August. We have a small TV ................ the kitchen. I took some money ................ the cash machine. 6 Complete the first conditional sentences. 1 If it ................ (rain), I ................ (take) an umbrella. 2 Some people think that if you ................ (walk) under a ladder, it ................ (bring) you bad luck. 3 If I ................ (pass) my exam, my parents ................ (be) very happy. 4 I ................ (swim) this weekend if I ................ (go) to the beach. 5 I ................ (go) to the cinema tomorrow if there ................ (be) a good film on. Put the sentences in order. 1 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 a he always sees the good side of things b she likes love stories c he gets on very well with people d she likes giving presents e he works hard and is busy all the time f she likes solving problems Complete the sentences with a preposition. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Match adjectives 1–6 with definitions a–f. 1 friendly 3 5 Complete the sentences. Units 3 and 4 10 7 Complete the sentences with a preposition. 1 Mark wants to apologise ................ being angry with Sara. 2 I don't believe ................ horoscopes. 3 Let's ask Dad ................ a lift to the party. 4 I hate it when people laugh ................ me. 5 We never agree ................ each other. 6 Dad pays ................ meals when we go out. 7 I read ................ the film – I want to see it! 8 Can I tell you ................ my problems? 9 What time did you get ................ school this morning? 10 I always have to wait ................ my friend Joe! 10 6 MY PROGRESS SO FAR IS... ❯ TOTAL brilliant! Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for MORE! training quite good. 50 not great. CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 2 UNIT 4 43 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 5 It’s a beautiful building, isn’t it? You learn • •• and then you can • • relative pronouns who / which / that question tags words for places talk about tourist attractions ask for information at the cinema 30 1 CD1 Listen and read. Tourist Excuse me. What’s the name of the famous palace near here? Rob Do you mean the Pavilion? It’s the building that you can see just over there, at the corner? Tourist Yes, that’s it! It dates back to the seventeenth century, doesn’t it? Rob I think it dates back to the sixteenth century, actually. Holly No, you’re wrong, Rob! King George IV used it as his seaside palace in around 1800 or so. Tourist It’s a beautiful building, isn’t it? Holly You’re from the USA, aren’t you? Tourist Yes, I am! I’m an artist. I’m visiting a friend who has moved to Brighton. So I’m looking at all the sights while she is at work! Are there any other places in Brighton that you think I should see? Holly Oh, you haven’t been to the Brighton Museum & Art Gallery yet, have you? It’s in the Pavilion Gardens, which are just behind the Pavilion. Tourist Thank you! Rob And a place that most people enjoy when they come to Brighton is the Sea Life Centre, near the beach. That’s where you can see different fish and sea creatures. It’s a great day out! Tourist Thank you. Have a good day! 44 UNIT 5 www.frenglish.ru Dialogue work 2 Circle T (true) or F (false). Correct the false sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 The tourist doesn’t know the name of the famous palace in Brighton. The name of the famous palace in Brighton is the Pavilion. Rob knows exactly how old the Pavilion is. There is an art gallery in the Pavilion Gardens. The Sea Life Centre isn’t near the beach. T/F T/F T/F T/F T/F Talking about tourist attractions 31 3 CD1 Listen and repeat. A What’s the name of the museum which is behind the Pavilion? B I’m not sure, but I think it’s the Brighton Museum & Art Gallery. A Thanks. A What’s the name of the king who used the Pavilion? B It’s King George IV, isn’t it? 4 Now work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about Brighton. Use the phrases and photos below. airport which is near Brighton statue which is on the seafront between Brighton and nearby Hove the architect who redesigned the Royal Pavilion the streets which are famous for shopping and fashion engineer who built the first electric railway in Brighton A What’s the name of the airport which is near Brighton? Architect: Henry Holland B Shoreham Airport. The Lanes The Peace Statue Shoreham Airport Engineer: Magnus Volk UNIT 5 45 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Places 32 1 CD1 Write the words under the pictures. Then listen and check. theatre castle park aquarium concert hall 1 ............................................. 5 ........................... exhibition hall museum megastore bridge tower skyscraper statue 2 ............................................. 6 ........................... 3 ............................................. 7 ............................................. 8 ........................... market cinema fountain 4 ................................................ 9 ................................................ 10 ......................... 11 .......................... 12 .......................... 13 .......................... 14 .......................... 15 ............................. 2 46 UNIT 5 Work in pairs – A and B. Make up some appropriate times and write them in the table below. Then try and guess the times in your partner’s table. A Museum Castle Aquarium Megastore Opening times B Concert Film Exhibition Show Starting Time Closing times Finishing Time A The concert starts at 9.15 pm, doesn’t it? B Yes, you’re right. / No, you’re wrong. It starts at 9.00 pm. www.frenglish.ru Communication Asking for information at the cinema 33 3 CD1 Listen and repeat. Girl Excuse me, I’d like a ticket for Star Trek 3 please – I’m not late, am I? Assistant Oh, I’m sorry, tickets sold out an hour ago. Boy Excuse me, the film is on in Screen 5, isn’t it? Assistant Yes, that’s right. It’s just over there. Girl Hello, you’ve still got tickets for 8 o’clock, haven’t you? Assistant Yes. There are lots of seats available. 34 4 CD1 Match questions 1–5 to answers a–e. Then listen and check. 1 2 3 4 5 5 How long does the film last? Have you still got tickets for the 9:30 show? Do you accept student cards? Is the film subtitled? How much are the tickets for the 3D version? a They’re £12. But the normal version is only £8. b Yes, of course. That will give you a 25% discount. c No, it’s dubbed. d I’m sorry, they have all sold out. e It finishes at 8:00, so that’s about 90 minutes. Work in pairs. Practise the dialogues from exercise 4. Sounds right Intonation in question tags 35 CD1 6 When we are sure about something, our intonation goes down at the end. When we are unsure, our intonation goes up at the end. Listen and repeat the sentences then circle (U) for unsure and (S) for sure. 1 2 3 4 5 6 It’s cold today, isn’t it? You don’t like me, do you? They’re nice people, aren’t they? I’m not late, am I? You didn’t forget, did you? It isn’t wrong, is it? U/S U/S U/S U/S U/S U/S UNIT 5 47 www.frenglish.ru Grammar Relative pronouns who / which / that 1 Complete the examples. Then check with the dialogue on page 44. It’s the building 1 .......................... you can see just over there. I’m visiting a friend 2 .......................... has moved to Brighton. It’s in the Pavilion Gardens, 3 .......................... are just behind the Pavilion. We use the relative pronouns who / that to talk about people. We use the relative pronouns which / that to talk about animals and things. 2 Complete the sentences using the prompts. 1 rebuilt London / the architect / after / 4 a bridge / opens / can go through / so ships the Great Fire of 1666 Tower Bridge is ......................................... . Christopher Wren was ......................................... . 5 a person / planes / flies 2 goes past / the Houses of Parliament / the river A pilot is ......................................................... . The River Thames is ............................................... . 6 in London / art / a modern / gallery / is / 3 a tall / building / lots of / floors / has The Tate Modern is ......................................... . A skyscraper is ......................................................... . 3 Complete the text with which, that or who. Here are some photos of my trip to London. This is the hotel we stayed in, 1 .......................... was small but very comfortable. And these are some Austrian people we met there, 2 .......................... were really nice. The one in the middle is Jonas. He’s the boy 3 .......................... emailed me yesterday. He’s really sweet. I spoke English to him all the time – I’m not sure he understood everything! This one is the boat 4 .......................... travels down the River Thames, and this is the woman on the boat 5 .......................... told us all about the interesting things on the river. Oh, this one is my brother, 6 .......................... thought he was so cool in that horrible T-shirt he wore every day! 48 UNIT 5 www.frenglish.ru Grammar Question tags 4 Complete the examples. Then check with the dialogue on page 44. It dates back to the 17th century, 1 ..........................? It’s a beautiful building, 2 ..........................? You’re from the USA, 3 ..........................? Oh, you haven’t been to the Brighton Museum & Art Gallery yet, 4 ..........................? With positive statements, we usually use a negative question tag. With negative statements, we usually use a positive question tag. We repeat the auxiliary verb (is, are, have, etc.) from the main part of the sentence. But, if we use a verb without an auxiliary we use do in the question tag. Question tags are commonly used to confirm information or to invite the listener to agree. 5 Complete the sentences with the question tags in the box. 7 Write the question tags. are you does she wasn’t it didn’t we won’t you aren’t you doesn’t she was it 1 2 3 4 5 You aren’t Turkish, ..........................? It was cold there, ..........................? You’ll help me, ..........................? She speaks English, ..........................? You’re going to be at the party, ..........................? 6 We enjoyed ourselves, ..........................? 7 Your sister doesn’t like me, ..........................? 8 It wasn’t a very good film, ..........................? 6 Circle the correct question tag. 1 He hasn’t gone, didn’t he / has he ? 2 She doesn’t live in Rome, does she / doesn’t she ? 3 They are English, are they / aren’t they ? 4 You went to London last year didn’t we / didn’t you ? 5 It won’t happen, isn’t it / will it ? 6 It’s warm today, doesn’t it / isn’t it ? ❯ 1 2 3 4 You’re Spanish, ..........................? It’s going to rain, ..........................? They won the match, ..........................? We haven’t got any homework, ..........................? 5 Mum burnt the dinner, ..........................? 6 I’ll miss the next train, ..........................? Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 5a www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 5 49 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Read the text and answer the questions. Visit B rig hto n! Brighton is full of things to do and places to go. It’s a lively, colourful, cool city by the sea! Visit the Royal Pavilion, the amazing seaside palace of George IV – one of the most exotic buildings in Britain. In the Pavilion you will see furniture and works of art from the 19th century. The Royal Pavilion Tearoom, with its wonderful balcony, overlooks the Pavilion Gardens. Also in the Pavilion Gardens is the recently redesigned Brighton Museum. The art galleries include fashion and style, 20th century art and design, and world art. In Brighton you will also find many parks. The perfect way to relax after a busy day’s shopping, the parks and gardens in Brighton offer a quiet resting place. Preston Park offers a beautiful garden with paths and streams, while St Ann’s Well Gardens in nearby Hove is perfect for tennis or a picnic. A visit to Brighton wouldn’t be complete without spending some time on the fantastic Victorian pier, with various places to eat and drink, a fairground and arcade games. The Brighton Sea Life Centre is the oldest Victorian aquarium in the world. With over 150 species and 57 displays, this is an enjoyable day for the whole family! Watch giant turtles and sharks swimming above you in the underwater tunnel. Feeding the rays is also an unforgettable experience. Where can you find … a fish and other sea creatures? b a place to relax and enjoy lunch on the grass? 50 UNIT 5 c fun and old-fashioned rides? d information about the history of fashion design? e historical pieces from two hundred years ago? www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 36 2 CD1 Listen to Julie telling her class about her visit to London. Tick (✓) the things she talks about. 1 a boat trip 2 the food 3 a famous hotel 36 3 CD1 4 shopping 5 a new bridge 6 the London Underground Listen again and answer the questions below. 1 2 3 4 How much did Julie pay for the boat ticket? How long is the ride on the London Eye? Which modern art gallery did Julie see? Did Julie prefer the bus tour or the boat trip? Writing My home town 4 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions below. a Where is your home town? b What are the most beautiful parts of your town? c What interesting things can you see or do there? 5 d Do you have any favourite shops or places to eat? e How can you get there? Read about Budapest. Match paragraphs 1–5 to questions a–e in exercise 4. 1 My home town is Budapest. It’s the capital of Hungary, and it’s a very beautiful place. It is actually two cities, Buda and Pest. They are separated by the River Danube, which is one of the longest rivers in Europe. 2 Budapest is in the centre of Europe, so it is not difficult to visit. There is an airport and you can also get there very easily by train. 3 There are lots of museums and parks and the opera building here is very famous. Outside the city you can take an old-fashioned train into the hills and forests. 4 Budapest is famous for its cafés. If you come here, then you must try the cakes. There are hundreds of different types! 5 For me, the best thing in the city is the castle in Buda. From here, you can look down at the River Danube and see the beautiful bridges and the Parliament building. ❯ 6 Write a paragraph about your home town and what you can see and do there. Use the questions in exercise 4 to help you. 7 Show your paragraph to other students in the class. Which text sounds most interesting? Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 5b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 5 51 www.frenglish.ru C ulture The focus of our third special feature Around the world is on buildings of the future. MEGA CITIES Our cities are getting bigger. This is a problem, because there is not enough space. One solution is to build bigger, taller buildings for people to live in. In the future, maybe we will almost live in the clouds! One of the biggest buildings in the world is the Mecca Royal Hotel Clock Tower in Saudi Arabia. At 601 metres, it is not the tallest building in the world, but it does take up the most space. This huge building covers 1.5 km 2. It contains a 20-storey shopping mall — the world’s tallest — and parking for more than 1000 cars. 100,000 people could live inside the building. Is this the future? Some people think it is. In Dubai, there are plans to build a city-building called the Ziggurat. It will look like a giant pyramid and cover an amazing 2.3 km 2. More than one million people will be able to live inside. It will be totally environmentally friendly and there will be a public transport system inside. People will not need cars to get around. Of course, this pyramid mega-city is only a plan. It hasn’t been built yet. Enormous cities like this may create new problems. What will it be like to live with a million people inside one building? What do you think? Over to you! MORE! Online Action Box Work in pairs. Would you like to live inside a mega-building? What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a city-building? 52 UNIT 5 ❯ Listening and Quiz online. Write a text for the MORE! Online journal. Put it online for students from other countries to read. Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CULTURE www.frenglish.ru Hound of the Baskervilles E x t r a R e a d i n g The by Arthur Conan Doyle Sir Charles Baskerville is found dead with the footprints of a huge dog beside his body. Everyone thinks that the hound of the Baskervilles, the terrible dog that has cursed the Baskerville family for centuries, is to blame. Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson go to investigate the murder. H olmes does not say much as we go back towards the moor. I do not know what he intends to do. The moor is covered with fog. “Ah! I can see the lights of a house ahead of us,” says the policeman, Lestrade. “That is Merripit House, the home of the Stapletons. We are going there,” Holmes tells him. We move slowly along the path towards the house. Then Holmes stops. “Let’s wait here,” he says. “Watson, go to the house and see what they are doing. Make sure they don’t see you.” I go down the path and hide behind a wall. I can see into the dining room. Sir Henry and Stapleton are sitting at a round table. Then Stapleton leaves the room. I hear the creak of a door and the sound of boots upon gravel. Someone is walking along the path on the other side of the wall. I look over and see Stapleton by the door of a shed in the corner of the garden. He opens the door and there is a strange noise from inside. After a minute he comes out of the shed and locks the door once more. Then he goes back into the house and joins Sir Henry at the table. I hurry back to report everything to Lestrade and Holmes. There is now a thick white fog over the moor. The moon is shining on it. “The fog is getting thicker,” says Holmes. “This is serious – Sir Henry must go home soon.” “I think he’s coming.” We hear footsteps. Then suddenly we see Sir Henry walking towards us through the fog. He walks quickly along the path and climbs up the hill behind us. “Listen!” cries Holmes. “Look out! It is coming!” Holmes is staring into the fog. He looks shocked. At the same moment Lestrade cries out in terror. In front of us is a hound, an enormous black hound. There is fire coming from its mouth, and its huge eyes are glowing. The huge black creature runs down the path after Sir Henry. Holmes and I both fire our guns. We hit him and the hound howls in pain. But the hound does not stop. He is still running along the path after Sir Henry. Sir Henry looks back at the terrible thing behind him. His face is white in the moonlight. We run up the path as quickly as we can. Sir Henry is screaming and the hound is roaring. Suddenly I see the hound jump on Sir Henry and push him to the ground. Holmes points his gun and shoots the hound five times. With a last howl, it rolls on its back. The giant hound is dead. Sir Henry is lying on the path. We run to him and find that he is alive. “Oh, my God!” he whispers. “It is dead, Sir Henry,” says Holmes. “The Hound of the Baskervilles is gone forever.” “Thank you for saving my life,” says Sir Henry. to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for for exercises. to www.cambridge.org/elt/more exercises ❯Go Go UNIT 5 53 53 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 6 Teens around the world 1 You learn Read the text and match the captions to the photos. 1 A • •• and then you can • • present simple passive make and let words for music There is a big music festival every year. 2 3 say where things are done say what people let you do I live above the shop. We get a lot of hurricanes. 4 Swimming is the best thing to do here. C Hi ! B My name’s Danilo. I live in the Philippines. My home is in the capital city, Manila. I’m 13. The Philippines is a group of islands, so it has a lot of beaches. Swimming is the best thing to do here. But we get a lot of hurricanes. Sometimes it rains non-stop for more than a week and at other times the temperature gets as high as 40°C. We don’t have winter so we NEVER get cold. Manila is a very busy and overcrowded city. Lots of people are very poor. They live on the streets. I’m lucky because my parents have got jobs, and we have a place to live. Our life isn’t much different from teenagers’ lives in other countries. We love listening to music. Every year a big festival is organised here – sixty bands are invited from all over the world. But I’m not allowed to go – my parents think I’m too young. They let me hang out and play football in the street, where there are lots of cars, but they don’t let me go to concerts – it’s crazy! 54 UNIT 6 D My dad’s a shopkeeper, and we live above the shop. On Saturday mornings he makes me help him in the shop. I also study hard because I want to get good marks in my exams. I want to go to college and get a good job one day. Dictionary work Find the words in the text and circle the correct definition. Then check in your dictionary. 1 overcrowded a polluted b with too many people 2 hurricane a very strong wind b when it is very dry 3 hang out a to spend time doing things with friends b to spend time alone 4 marks a comments from a teacher b results www.frenglish.ru Text work 2 Answer the questions. 1 Where does Danilo’s dad work? 2 Why isn’t Danilo allowed to go to concerts? 3 Where do Danilo and his friends hang out? 4 What does Danilo have to do at the weekend? 5 Why does Danilo have to study hard? Saying where things are done 3 Work in pairs and do the quiz. WHERE in the WORLD? 1 Where is the rupee used? 2 Where are Ferrari cars made? 3 Where is sumo wrestling done? A India B South Africa C Japan A Italy B the USA C Switzerland A Venezuela B India C Japan 4 Where is Portuguese spoken? 5 Where are giant pandas found? 6 Where are yurts used? A Portugal and Brazil B Portugal and Central America C Portugal and Spain A Indonesia B Kenya C China A South America B Africa C Central Asia 37 4 Listen and check. 5 Work in pairs and answer the questions. In your country, what … CD2 1 language is spoken? 2 currency is used? 3 animals are found? 4 things are made? UNIT 6 55 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Music 1 Tick the musical styles you like. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 38 rap hip-hop opera pop jazz country blues rock heavy metal classical dance folk reggae electronic 2 Work in pairs. Listen and write the five styles of music you hear. 3 Match the words below with the instruments. CD1 violin drums saxophone electric guitar synthesiser 5 double bass piano 7 2 1 6 3 4 4 Work in small groups. Say which types of music and instruments you like. What music do you like? I like jazz. I like the sound of the saxophone. Oh, I don’t! I’d rather listen to dance music. 56 UNIT 6 8 guitar www.frenglish.ru Communication Saying what people let you do 39 5 CD1 Listen and tick the things that Gillie’s parents let her do. 1 listen to loud music at home Gillie Gillie’s parents 2 go to rock concerts 3 download music 4 use the internet for hours [a/w cartoon: Gillie (similar to girl in photo) dancing at a nightclub. captioned:] 5 watch TV after nine 6 6 meet friends 7 have parties at home 8 go clubbing Work in pairs. Ask what your parents let you do. Do your parents let you listen to loud music at home? Yes, they do. / No, they don’t. Sounds right the letter t 40 CD1 7 When a t is followed by another consonant, we don’t always say the t sound. Listen and repeat. 1 2 3 4 They let me listen to loud music. They don’t let me go to rock concerts. They let me use the internet for hours. They let me meet friends. UNIT 6 57 www.frenglish.ru Grammar Present simple passive 1 Look at the text on page 54 and complete the examples. Every year, a big festival 1 .......................... 2 .......................... here – sixty bands 3 .......................... 4 .......................... from all over the world. We use the passive to talk about actions when it is not clear or important who the action is carried out by. 2 Complete the table. Positive Negative Spanish 1.......................... spoken in Mexico. Guitars 2.......................... played in rock music. Spanish 3.......................... spoken in the UK. Electric guitars 4.......................... used in opera music. Questions Short answers 5 Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 6 3 .......... Spanish spoken in Brazil? .......... pianos used in jazz music? Read the sentences. Are they active (A) or passive (P) sentences? 1 English is spoken in many countries. 2 People speak English in many countries. 4 speak download use make sell 5 Complete the sentences with the passive form of the verbs on the left. 1 2 3 4 5 Some new albums are only .......................... online. Music .......................... illegally every day from the internet. In Africa, more than 1,000 languages .......................... . The dollar .......................... in the USA. Pianos .......................... from wood. Complete the questions with the passive. Then write short answers. 1 A B 2 A B 3 A B 4 A B 58 UNIT 6 3 They sell tickets for the concert online. 4 Tickets for the concert are sold online. Is cricket .......................... (play) in India? .......................... Is the euro .......................... (use) in England? .......................... Are watches .......................... (produce) in Switzerland? .......................... Are elephants .......................... (find) in Australia? .......................... www.frenglish.ru Grammar Make and let 6 Circle the correct word. Then check with the text on page 54. They 1 let / make me hang out and play football in the street. But they don’t 2 let / make me go to concerts. On Saturday mornings, he 3 lets / makes me help him in the shop. 7 Complete the rules with make or let. To say that someone is allowed to do something, use 1 .......................... + object + verb. To say that someone has to do something, use 2 .......................... + object + verb. 8 Complete the sentences with make / makes / made or let / lets. 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 I hope our maths teacher doesn’t .......................... us do all those sums! My brother never .......................... me borrow his tablet. Last week, Dad .......................... us stay up late and watch a film. My mum always .......................... me do the washing-up on Sundays. My friend didn’t .......................... me use his phone yesterday. Yesterday, my music teacher .......................... me do extra practice after class. Work in pairs. Discuss what Adam’s parents make or let him do. Adam ❯ practisethe thepiano pianoevery everyday day practise goto topop popconcerts concerts go cleanhis hisroom room clean listenhome to music headphones come latewith on Saturdays Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 6a www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 6 59 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Look quickly at the adverts (A–C) for summer camps. Answer the question. Which camp is for people who 1) like animals? 2) like technology? 3) like music? A Calling all Young Rock Stars! C Do you like playing the guitar? Do you want to be a rock star? Well, here at the Guitar Academy Camp in Los Angeles you can learn how to be one! Why not come here this summer? It’s the perfect place for you! We want you to have fun, so we don’t make lots of rules. We won’t tell you what lessons to go to, and you can play music as loud as you like! And in the evenings, you are free to do what you want! ‘There was a huge crocodile just a few metres away!’ If you choose our seven-day course, you can: • try lots of different instruments • play in a band • record a CD • make a music video • meet real, professional bands Interested? Check out our website now! www.guitaracademyLA.org B Computer Camp A different kind of summer camp for kids who love computers and technology. Professional computer experts will teach you how to use programs and write new ones, how to use a camcorder and how to make digital films. Do you want to play video games all day? Go ahead – but at Computer Camp you can also learn how to make them! 2 You can hang out with other kids with the same interests, and we have lots of other fun activities for you, too – a BMX bike park, for example. If you want to find out more, go to our website and chat to some of the kids who have already been to our camp. They’ll tell you how awesome it is! www.ccsummer.com UNIT 6 ‘I helped wash the elephants!’ These are some of the things kids have said about their stay at Adventure World Camp. If you like animals, this is the place for you! Don’t spend your summer holiday in your room watching nature programmes on TV. Come to our camp in Tampa Bay Zoo, Florida, and get close to some real animals. You can even swim with some sharks. (Not the dangerous ones, of course!) Come and learn how the professionals look after animals – prepare the food for the gorillas, help the baby animals with their feeding, say ‘Hi’ to the grizzly bear or watch the zoo vet and dentist at work. And don’t forget, you can also have fun at the Adventure World Water Park! Well, what are you waiting for? Phone now! 07 876 2999087 Read the adverts again and choose the correct answers. 1 At the Guitar Academy … A you’re not allowed to play loud music. B you have to go to all the lessons. C you can play lots of instruments. 2 At the Guitar Academy you can … A go to a rock concert every evening. B meet professional bands. C eat a lot of food. 3 At Adventure World … A you can watch TV a lot. B you can help the vet. C you can help feed the young animals. 60 Adventure World! 4 At Adventure World, you can also … A go swimming. B play video games. C ride your bike. 5 At Computer Camp … A the kids will teach each other. B BMX experts will teach you. C computer experts will be your teachers. 6 At Computer Camp students will … A make a camcorder. B build a new computer. C learn to make digital films. www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 41 3 CD1 Listen to Susan and Christina. Tick (✓) the things they talk about. 1 2 3 4 5 6 41 4 CD1 going to parties meeting friends riding bikes roller skating playing musical instruments shopping Listen again and complete the sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 Christina ............................... to come home after eleven at the weekends. She wants to ............................... her hair red like Sally’s. Christina isn’t allowed to play ............................... all day. Christina wants to ............................... in shopping centres. Christina’s brother and sister ............................... to have parties. Writing A plan 5 Read the text below about how to ask your parents to let you go to a party. Look at the underlined words and put stages a – d in order. Do you want to go to a party, but your parents won’t let you do it? Try the steps below. a After that, if your parents say ‘no’, then give them more details. Explain why the party is important to you. b First, ask your parents very politely if you can go to the party. c Finally, ask again. If your parents say ‘no’ a second time, then don’t get angry! Be calm, and try again tomorrow! d Next, be good. Clean your room, wash the dishes, help your mother with the shopping. This will show that you are serious. 6 Work in pairs. Choose one of the situations below and think of ways you can make your parents agree. 1 You want money to buy new clothes. 2 You want to dye your hair green. 3 You need an expensive new smartphone. 4 You don’t want to go to school tomorrow. 5 You want to go clubbing at the weekend. 7 Write four steps, explaining what to do. 8 Show your steps to another pair. Do you think your plan will be successful? DVD Now watch The School Magazine Episode 3. DVD exercises at www.cambridge.org/elt/more ❯ Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 6b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 6 61 www.frenglish.ru CL I L Citizenship Youth Parliaments 1 a Put the issues in the order of importance to you: 1 – 8 (1 is the most important; 8 is the least important). money a good job a good education communication friends & family food a place to live the environment b Discuss your choices in small groups. Have a class vote on what’s most important. 2 Read the article quickly. What do the letters IYP and MYP stand for? What is the IYP? In 2000 Oxfam Community Aid Abroad invited 250 young people (aged 15-28) to the first meeting of the International Youth Parliament. They came from all over the world. Now there are members of IYP in more than 150 countries: they stand up for the rights of young people and their communities. They influence governments and world organisations like UNESCO. There are Youth Parliaments in many countries. Does the UK have a Youth Parliament? Yes. The UK Youth Parliament also started in 2000. There are now six hundred members of the UKYP. Anyone who is 11-18 can be elected to be a Member of the Youth Parliament for one year. More than 500,000 teenagers from all over Britain vote for new MYPs every year. It is their job to tell the government about the views of young people in their area. Can I be part of a Youth Parliament if I’m not an MYP? 3 MYPs can only do their jobs if other young people help them. It’s important to tell your MYP what you think. Go online and read the messages on the website. Communication is important, so join in the discussions! Read the article again and answer the questions. 1 How long has there been an International Youth Parliament? 2 How many countries have members at the IYP? 42 4 CD1 3 How old are MYPs in the UK? 4 What do MYPs do? 5 How do teenagers tell their MYP what they think? Listen to Brad talking about what an MYP does and complete the information. MYPs spend up to 1 ..................................... a week working for the Youth Parliament. They also go to regional meetings and a four-day 2 ..................................... each year. This year young people in the UK told the MYPs that they are worried about the lack of 3 ..................................... and the rising 4 ...................................... . MYPs can talk to the local council and Members of 5 ..................................... and send messages to the 6 ....................................... . WEBQUEST Find out: Is there a Youth Parliament in your country? What important issues have they voted on this year? 62 UNIT 6 ❯ Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CLIL www.frenglish.ru Check your progress 3 1 Unscramble the places. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 There is a lovely ufonitan in the park. I saw sharks in the maraquiu! We buy food in the retkam every Saturday. A pracksyser is a very tall building. There is a very old letsac on the hill. Cross over the river using the redgib. It was a very interesting art xonibihet. A He hasn’t got a new scooter, 8 .......................? B Yes, he has. He bought it yesterday. A They are English, 9 .......................? B They were born in the USA, 10 .......................? 10 5 7 2 6 6 3 4 Ferrari cars ....................... (produce) in Italy. Portuguese ....................... (speak) in Brazil. The Yen ....................... (use) in Japan. Those cars ....................... (not / make) here. Most music ....................... (sell) online. ....................... cricket ....................... (play) here? 6 Complete the question tags. A You like coffee, 1 .......................? B Yes, but it’s late – I can’t have a coffee just before I go to bed, 2 .......................? A B A B A You’re from my street, 3 .......................? Yes, you lived at number 12, 4 .......................? Yes, we moved last year. You were at my school, 5 .......................? Yes, but I go to a different school now. A This maths is easy, 6 .......................? B No, it’s not. You will help me, 7 .......................? MY PROGRESS SO FAR IS... ❯ That’s the car ................ he bought. He’s the man ................ taught us last year. That’s the book ................ I’m going to buy. Fiat is a company ................ makes cars. She’s the girl ................ won the race. My neighbour is the person ................ always plays the drums. 6 Complete the text with the correct form of make or let. Mark’s parents 1 ....................... him stay up late at weekends, but in the week they 2 ....................... him go to bed early. Last week, they 3 ....................... him go to bed at 9 pm every evening because he had exams. At the weekend, his mother usually 4 ....................... him tidy his room, but then she 5 ....................... him use their car to go and see friends. Complete the sentences using the passive. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Complete the sentences with that, which or who. Sometimes there is more than one possible answer. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Complete the musical instruments. 1 I have played the p_ _ _ o since I was six. 2 The e_ _ _ _ _ _ c g_ _ _ _ r is my favourite instrument. 3 The s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ r is used in lots of pop songs. 4 I love the sound of the v_ _ _ _ n. 5 The d_ _ _ _ e b_ _ s is used in jazz music. 6 My neighbour plays the d_ _ _ s all day! Units 5 and 6 5 7 Write questions to complete the dialogue. 1 A B 2 A B 3 A B 4 A B 5 A B brilliant! Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for MORE! training ............................................................................... Yes, The Way Home is on in Screen 4. ............................................................................... I’m sorry, the 7.30 show is sold out. ............................................................................... Yes, there’s a 25% student discount. ............................................................................... It lasts 3 hours. ................................................................ 10 For the 3D version, the tickets TOTAL are £10. 50 quite good. not great. CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 3 UNIT 6 63 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 7 Reduce, reuse, recycle You learn •• •and then you can •• used to so do I / neither do I words for materials talk about recycling talk about what you used to do 2 1 CD2 Listen and read. Karen Rob Karen Rob Karen Rob Karen Rob Karen Rob Karen 64 UNIT 7 Hey Rob, can I ask you some questions? Sure. Go ahead! I’m interviewing people to find out what they do to help the environment. OK. Well, for example I try to recycle everything I use. In school now, we collect cans and glass bottles. I used to throw away my rubbish, but now I put my empty cola cans and bottles in the recycling bins around the school. The money from this programme helps to pay for the computers in the school library. I think it’s a great idea. Yes, so do I. What about shopping? Do you use plastic bags? Good question. No, I don’t. I didn’t use to take a bag with me. Now I do and I ask the shop assistant not to give me a plastic bag. Yes, I don’t think we need to use so many plastic bags. Neither do I. And another thing I do – I cycle to school. My friends and I all do it. It keeps us fit and it means less traffic and pollution. Oh, I always come to school with my mum in the car. I used to do that. Come on, get a bike – it’s fun and it saves fuel! OK, I’ll try! www.frenglish.ru Work on the text 2 Answer the questions. 1 2 3 4 5 What do they collect at Rob’s school? What did Rob do with his rubbish in the past? Did Rob take a bag when he went shopping in the past? Does Rob think we should use lots of plastic bags? Did Rob go to school by car in the past? Talking about recycling 3 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions below. 3 What other things can you do to help the environment? 1 Do you recycle rubbish, or cycle to school? 2 Do you use lots of plastic bags? 3 4 CD2 Listen and repeat. A I recycle paper and bottles. B So do I. 4 CD2 5 A I don’t cycle to school. B Neither do I. Do the quiz. Circle True or False. Then listen and check your answers. THINK BEFORE YOU THROW IT AWAY! 1 Motor oil never wears out. You can recycle it and use it again and again. TRUE / FALSE 2 3 If you recycle one glass bottle you save enough electricity to light a 100 watt bulb for four hours. 4 TRUE / FALSE 5 A litre of oil can pollute more than 1 million litres of water. You can’t recycle aluminium drinks cans. TRUE / FALSE If you write on paper in coloured ink, you can’t recycle the paper. TRUE / FALSE 6 You can only recycle glass bottles once. TRUE / FALSE TRUE / FALSE UNIT 7 65 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Materials 1 aluminium glass plastic steel wood wool rubber gold silver copper Name the materials these objects are made of. 1 ................................................. 2 ................................................. 5 ................................................. 4 ............................................................................. 6 ............................................................................. 8 ................................................. 2 3 ................................................. 7 ............................................................................. 9 ................................................. 10 ............................................... In pairs, think of two other things that are made of each material in exercise 1. A We use glass to make glasses and windows. B And vases for flowers, and camera lenses. Aluminium is used to make … A Yes, and also … 66 UNIT 7 www.frenglish.ru Communication Talking about what you used to do 5 3 Match the questions and answers. Then listen and check. 1 2 3 4 5 Dad, what music did you listen to when you were young? Gran, did you watch a lot of TV when you were a girl? How did you use to spend your Saturdays, Mum? Did you use to read a lot, John? What was your favourite TV series, Natasha? Answers Questions CD2 4 a Not really – I didn’t like TV. I used to read. b When I was small, I used to watch Buffy! c I used to like the Beatles a lot. d No – I used to go to the cinema a lot. e I used to go dancing on Saturdays! Work in pairs. Ask each other questions about what you used to do when you were younger. Use the ideas below. watch like listen to eat What did you use to watch when you were younger? do on holiday play I used to watch SpongeBob SquarePants. Sounds right | elision 6 CD2 5 Listen and repeat. Pay attention to the underlined parts of the phrases. I used to like cabbage, I used to like beans. But now I eat fast food – I never eat greens! UNIT 7 67 www.frenglish.ru Grammar used to 1 Complete the sentences then check with the dialogue on page 64. I 1 ................ ................. throw away my rubbish, but now I put my empty cola cans and bottles in the recycling bins around the school. 2 I ................ ................. ................. take a bag with me. Now I do and I ask the shop assistant not to give me a plastic bag. We use used to / didn’t use to (+ verb) to talk about past habits. The question form (Did you use to …?) is used, but not often. 2 Put the words in the correct order. 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 play / I / to / used / the piano / . London / to / We / live / used / in / . to my school / used / go / My sister / to / . techno / didn’t / like / My parents / to / use / music / . to / coffee / didn’t / drink / I / use / . have / didn’t / to / I / use / my own bedroom / . Complete the sentences below with the phrases on the left. didn’t use to speak used to speak didn’t use to go used to go didn’t use to play used to play didn’t use to eat used to eat 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 UNIT 7 1 We ............................................ English, but now we can have a conversation. 2 I don’t like sweets, but when I was younger I ..................................................... them every day. 3 My dad never goes to football matches these days, but he ...................................... every weekend. 4 My mother ..................................................... French, but now she’s forgotten it. 5 My favourite player is Ronaldo – he ..................................................... for Manchester United. 6 I ..................................................... vegetables, but now I really love them! 7 My brother ...................................................... the piano at all, but now he plays very well. 8 My parents ........................................ on holiday, but now they go to France every year. Complete the sentences below with used to or didn’t use to and a verb from the box. wear 68 ..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... speak eat live be do My sister ..................................................... glasses, but now she has contact lenses. My friend Joe ..................................................... very shy, but he isn’t any more. I..................................................... any exercise, but now I play football three times a week. We ..................................................... in a really small flat, but now we’ve got a big house. I ..................................................... vegetables, but now I eat them all the time. My father ..................................................... a bit of Arabic, but now he’s forgotten it all. www.frenglish.ru Grammar So do I. / Neither do I. 5 Complete the examples then check with the dialogue on page 64. Rob I think it’s a great idea. Karen Yes, 1 ................................. . Karen I don’t think we need to use so many plastic bags. 2 Rob ................................. . We use these phrases to agree with what another person says. If the other person says something positive, use: So do I. If the other person says something negative, use: Neither do I. We can change the auxiliary verb (am, can, did, etc.). A I can’t sing. A I didn’t do my homework. A I’m tired. B Neither can I. B Neither did I. B So am I. 6 Complete the dialogues with the replies in the box. So do I. So did we. So have I. Neither do I. Neither did we. Neither have I. 1 A B 2 A B 3 A B 4 A B 5 A B 6 A B 7 I always cycle to school. ..................................................... I’ve got a new phone. ..................................................... We enjoyed ourselves at the party. ..................................................... I’ve never been to the USA. ..................................................... We didn’t go abroad last year. ..................................................... My mum doesn’t like rap music. ..................................................... Agree with these statements. 1 I don’t know the answer. .................................................................................... 2 My brother’s got a tablet . .................................................................................... 3 I went to Spain last year. .................................................................................... 4 I’m sorry, I can’t go out tonight. .................................................................................... ❯ 5 I love cycling. .................................................................................... 6 She didn’t pass her exam. .................................................................................... 7 My friend likes classical music. .................................................................................... 8 I’m not happy today. .................................................................................... 8 Complete these sentences with your own information. Then compare them with a partner. 1 2 3 4 I’m … I’m not interested in … I love … Last night, I … I’m feeling tired today. Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 7a www.cambridge.org/elt/more 5 6 7 8 I can … I can’t … I didn’t … I have … So am I! UNIT 7 69 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Read the text and answer the questions. Did you know? The average family in Europe produces about a ton of rubbish a year. About twenty percent (in volume) of this waste is plastic. Most of the food and drink we buy in a supermarket is packed in plastic. All of the electronic and electrical appliances we use such as fridges, mobile phones and laptops contain plastic. Plastic is very difficult to get rid of. 2 Each year in Europe, about 100 million new mobile phones are bought and there are about 85 million old phones lying in cupboards in people’s homes. What a waste! In the UK there are lots of organisations that recycle mobile phones. Some of these work with schools. Schoolchildren can hand in their old mobile phones and, in return, the school receives some money. The phones are then recycled. They separate the phones into three groups: phones for reuse, phones for repair and phones for recycling. Phones for Recycling There are some valuable materials in mobile phones such as gold, silver and 1 2 3 4 5 copper. They are taken out and reused in jewellery, copper pipes or new mobile phones. The plastic is reused in traffic cones or printer cartridges. Phones for Reuse and Repair Mobile phones are very expensive and in some countries in Africa and Eastern Europe, people cannot afford them. Phones are sent to these countries and they are given out or resold cheaply. Check out mobile phone recycling on the internet and see if there is a scheme near you. How many mobile phones do Europeans buy every year? How many old phones are lying in cupboards in people’s houses? Why do schools organise phone recycling? How are the phones recycled? What happens to the phones for reuse? Work in pairs and discuss the questions below. 1 How many mobile phones have you had in your life? 2 What did you do with your old mobile phones? 3 Do you think it’s important to have the most modern phone or laptop? 70 UNIT 7 www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 7 3 CD2 Listen to two people talking about plastic waste. Choose the correct answers below. 1 Plastic waste is … A a very big problem. B good because it is cheap. 2 Nobody wants to … A produce new plastic. B recycle plastic. 7 4 3 An Italian company has … A developed a solution to the problem. B bought plastic for recycling. Listen again and answer the questions. CD2 1 What is the problem with plastic? 2 How long will plastic stay in the rubbish tip? 3 Why don’t companies want to buy plastic for recycling? 4 What is Mater-Bi made of? 5 What is different about Mater-Bi? Writing A poster 5 Work in small groups. Discuss the questions below. 1 Why is it important to be environmentally friendly? 2 Do you always try to be ‘green’? 3 What things can ordinary people do to be more ‘green’? 6 You are going to make a poster with five tips for being environmentally friendly. Work in pairs and complete the sentences below. Use the ideas in the box, and your own ideas. recycle your rubbish use a bus or a bicycle eat less meat switch off your computer and TV at night use less water ONMENT IR V N E E H T P L E H FIVE TIPS TO You should Never Always Don’t Try to 7 ❯ ! Work with another pair. Share your ideas and choose the five best tips. Make a poster with your tips for the class. Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 7b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 7 71 www.frenglish.ru C ulture The focus of our fourth special feature Around the world is on energy alternatives. Six ways to save energy • There are about 2000 wind turbines in Great Britain. They produce renewable energy, but there is a problem. There have been protests because some people think that they make beautiful landscapes look ugly. There are currents in the sea because of the tides. When we use underwater turbines (in much the same way that a wind turbine works), we can make electricity. The advantage is that this form of energy is always there. Work is going on to develop marine current turbines. These could be built in groups under the sea, like an underwater wind farm. Energy-saving light bulbs use only a fifth of what traditional bulbs use. • • 72 • Solar panels are already being used to power petrol pumps at a petrol station in Perivale, United Kingdom. Especially in hot countries, solar power will be one of the most important sources of renewable energy. Experts in Namibia have developed a stove which uses the sun as a source of energy. Insulation helps to reduce the energy consumption of old houses. When a new house is built, the temperature in the house is higher if the house faces south, and if there is a lot of glass that catches the sun. Think about how you get to school. More and more children are driven to school by their parents. You can save energy if you walk or cycle to school. • • Over to you! MORE! Online Action Box Work in pairs. Make a list of different ways to save energy. Do many people do these things where you live? Which do you think is the best way of saving energy? Listening and Quiz online. Write a text for the MORE! Online journal. Put it online for students from other countries to read. UNIT 7 ❯ Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CULTURE www.frenglish.ru E x t r a Reading The Supertrees! I n Singapore, the small tropicalisland country in South East Asia, visitors can see one of the most interesting parks in the world. In the city, next to skyscrapers and busy streets, there is a large ‘ecopark’, which means that it is very environmentally friendly. Here, you can find the Supertrees of Singapore. There are 18 Supertrees, and they are huge, like tropical rainforest trees – up to 50 metres high. But, of course, they are not normal, ordinary trees. There is something else about the Supertrees. They have very large ‘branches’ at the top which collect rainwater. This water is used for the thousands of other plants and trees in the park. Also, the Supertrees are so big that they protect the garden from the hot, tropical sun. But that’s not all. The Supertrees have solar panels which catch the sun’s energy. This energy is used to power the lights and the machines in the park. This means that the 200,000 species of exotic flowers and plants in the gardens are really cared for, in an environmentally friendly way. Singapore is one of the most crowded islands in the world. More than 5 million people live here in a very small space. With the Supertrees, Singapore hopes to show how new technology can help protect the natural world. So, how are they different? Well, the first, most important thing is that they are made of metal. They look beautiful in the daytime, but at night, they light up and become really special. Visitors can walk between the trees on a special 130-metre skywalk. There is even a restaurant at the top of one tree. From here, people can see the whole park, and feel like they are in a futuristic rainforest. ❯ Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for exercises UNIT 7 73 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 8 It was hit by a hurricane 1 You learn •• • and then you can • • too / not … enough past passive words for natural disasters tell people what to do express sympathy Read the web page. Match the words in italics with the photos. G reat disasters of the modern world Dictionary work Circle the correct definition for the following words. Then check in your dictionary. 1 evacuated a rescued b sent away to a safer place 2 blocked a closed because of something in the way b stopped by police 3 erupted a exploded from inside (the ground) b cracked, broke up 4 effects a results b feelings 1 Louisiana, and other states were hit by Hurricane Katrina. As the hurricane travelled to the west, 11 cities including New Orleans were evacuated. But for many people, it was too late to leave their homes. As a result many were trapped in the city. Roads were blocked and the city’s airport was closed. Soon, 1 most of the city was under water. Hundreds of 2 people were where they had to live for several days. The hurricane was one of America’s worst natural disasters. 1,800 people were killed. 2 America’s worst earthquake was the one in San Francisco in 1906. It measured 8.25 on the Richter scale. The earthquake erupted in the sea, about 3 km away from San Francisco. Towns in the area were damaged, and even people in Mexico felt the effects. The buildings were not strong enough, and in only 40 seconds, 3 houses fell down and bridges broke. Ten seconds after the earthquake first started, another 25-second earthquake hit. Although the earthquake caused a lot of damage, 4 the damage caused people died in the disaster. 8 C taken to the sports stadium for safety, About 30 fires burned for four days. About 3,000 UNIT B On 25th August 2005, Florida, by fires was even worse. 74 A D www.frenglish.ru Text work 2 Circle T (true) or F (false). Correct the false sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 Hurricane Katrina happened more than a hundred years ago. All the people in New Orleans were evacuated from their homes. More than 1,500 people were killed. The earthquake in San Francisco in 1906 started in the sea. More damage was caused by fires than by the earthquake itself. T/F T/F T/F T/F T/F Telling people what to do 3 get stay fall stop go Read and complete the text with the verbs in the box. What to do in an earthquake e a r thq u a k e If you are outdoors: If you are indoors: 1 • ............ inside so you don’t get injured by falling glass or parts of buildings. • Keep away from windows, and from heavy furniture that might 2............ over. • Get down onto the floor. • 3............ under a strong desk, table or other piece of furniture. Hold on to it. 8 4 CD2 • 4............ to an open space. • Keep away from buildings and power lines. If you are in a car: • 5............ if you can and stay inside your car. • Try not to stop near buildings or under trees and power lines. Listen and repeat. A If I’m indoors what must I do? B Stay inside. 5 Ask and answer questions. If I’m indoors, what must I do? Keep away from windows. UNIT 8 75 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Natural disasters 1 Work in pairs. Look at the natural disasters below. Which of these sometimes happen in your country? 1 an earthquake 2 a flood 3 a forest fire 4 an avalanche 5 a drought 6 a mudslide 7 an erupting volcano 8 a tsunami 9 a hurricane 2 Match the descriptions below to the natural disasters. a b c d e f g h i 3 76 UNIT 8 It’s when a lot of water covers a place that’s usually dry. It’s when a lot of mud slides down a mountain. It’s when the earth shakes so strongly that buildings are destroyed. It’s when it doesn’t rain for a long time, and plants can’t grow. It’s a really strong wind that causes a lot of damage. It’s a very big wave that often comes from the sea after an earthquake. It’s a mountain with hot lava inside – it comes out through a hole in the top. It’s when a forest is badly burnt by fires. It’s when a huge amount of ice and snow comes down quickly from a mountain. Work in pairs. Cover up exercise 2. Take turns to explain what the natural disasters are in the pictures. www.frenglish.ru Communication Expressing sympathy 9 4 CD2 Listen to the conversation. Complete it with the expressions below. Are you OK, Holly? What about it? Rob Oh, I’m so sorry to hear that. What’s the matter? 1 .............................................................................................. Rob .............................................................................................. Rob 3.............................................................................................. Rob 4.............................................................................................. Holly Well, not really. Holly It’s about our dog. Holly It died yesterday. 2 5 Work in pairs. Choose situations below and act out dialogues. laptop / It broke and I lost all my work this weekend / I can’t go out, I’m feeling very ill my phone / somebody stole it the concert / the tickets are all sold out my mother / she fell over and hurt her leg exam next week / I’m so nervous I can’t sleep Sounds right ‘r’ sound 10 6 CD2 Listen to the words. Circle the ‘r’ sounds that you hear. Which two words don’t have an ‘r’ sound? hurricane 11 CD2 7 earthquake destroyed grow erupted fire Listen and repeat. 1 2 3 4 There was a terrible hurricane. It was America’s worst earthquake. The buildings were destroyed. The volcano erupted. UNIT 8 77 www.frenglish.ru Grammar too / not … enough 1 Complete the examples then check in the text on page 74. As the hurricane travelled to the west, 11 cities including New Orleans were evacuated. But for many people, it was 1 ................ late to leave their homes. Towns in the area were damaged, and even people in Mexico felt the effects. The buildings were 2 ................ strong 3 ................ , and in only 40 seconds, houses fell down and bridges broke. We use too + adjective when things are more than we would like. We use not + adjective + enough when things are less than we would like. We can also use have (not) got + enough: I haven’t got enough time. 2 tired young good old late 3 78 UNIT Complete the sentences with the adjectives on the left. 1 2 3 4 5 She isn’t ........................... enough to go to bed. You’re not ........................... enough to drive a car. It’s too .......................... to go to the cinema. The film started 15 minutes ago. The weather isn’t .......................... enough to have a picnic. She’s too ........................... to watch horror films. Complete the sentences below with too or not … enough with the words in brackets. 1 The question .................................................... (difficult) 2 He ................................................... to win. (fast) 3 The sand ................................................... to walk on. (hot) 4 She ................................................... money to buy the coat. (have got) 8 www.frenglish.ru Grammar Past simple passive 4 Complete the examples with words from the box. Then check with the text on page 74. were taken were blocked was closed were hit On 25th August 2005, Florida, Louisiana and other states 1 ....................................... by Hurricane Katrina. Roads 2 ....................................... and the city’s airport 3 ....................................... . Hundreds of people 4 ....................................... to the sports stadium for safety. We use was / were + past participle to form the Past simple passive. 5 Decide if the sentences below are active (A) or passive (P). 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 Many people were trapped in the city. The hurricane travelled to the west. 1,800 people were killed in the hurricane. Towns in the area were damaged. Most of the city was under water. The earthquake measured 8.25 on the Richter scale. Rewrite the news headlines as Past simple passive sentences. Don’t forget to add other words (a, the, etc.). Thousands of homes destroyed by hurricane ❯ Village flooded by heavy rain Thousands of homes 1 .......................................................... were destroyed by the .......................................................... hurricane. .......................................................... 2 .......................................................... .......................................................... .......................................................... No one hurt by avalanche Capital city hit by huge earthquake 4 .......................................................... .......................................................... .......................................................... 5 .......................................................... .......................................................... .......................................................... Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 8a www.cambridge.org/elt/more Hundreds of trees damaged in forest fire 3 .......................................................... .......................................................... .......................................................... Two cars buried in mudslide 6 .......................................................... .......................................................... .......................................................... UNIT 8 79 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Look at titles 1–3 and match them to paragraphs A–C. 1 The Robot Boat 2 The Earthquake Machine 3 The Lightning Ball Nikola Tesla There are many great inventors in history. For example, Alexander Graham Bell, who invented the telephone in 1876. Or Thomas Edison who invented the lightbulb, or Enrico Fermi who invented the nuclear reactor. But have you heard of Nikola Tesla? it in his office, it started to shake. It shook harder and harder. Some people say that it nearly destroyed the room. Tesla thought his invention was too dangerous, so he destroyed it. B C ............................... ............................... He was born in Serbia in 1856, but lived in New York. Here are some of his incredible inventions. A ............................... Tesla discovered that electricity could be sent between two objects, without using wires. Some people said that he also invented a ‘death ray’ which could be used to hit planes in the sky. However, no plans for this were ever found. This machine was created in 1898. It was only 178 mm long and it could be put in your pocket. But it was very powerful and it was powered by steam. When Tesla put 2 Read the article. Circle T (true) or F (false). 1 2 3 4 5 6 80 UNIT 8 Nowadays, many companies are thinking about how Tesla’s ideas can be used to make energy travel between two machines, so there will be no need to recharge your laptop or for a phone with wires! When was the first robot invented? Many people think it was in 1898, when Tesla created the robot boat. It was like a small toy, and it was controlled by radio. A very simple battery was used. People were amazed at how Tesla could stop and start the boat, and make it go up and down without touching it. Some people thought it was magic, or that a monkey was inside the boat, controlling everything. Tesla imagined a future world of robots, intelligent cars, smart machines and remote controls that could make our lives easier. The Earthquake machine was large and powerful. Tesla wanted to make money from his Earthquake machine. In the future, we may not need wires to power our machines. It is possible that Tesla did not create a ‘death ray’. Tesla could control how the robot boat moved. Animals could travel in the robot boat. T/F T/F T/F T/F T/F T/F www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 3 Match pictures A–D with these inventions. 1 the sandwich ....... 2 the dishwasher ....... A 12 B 4 CD2 3 glasses ....... 4 karaoke ....... C D Listen and complete the table. Daisuke Inoue John Montagu Josephine Cochrane Salvino D’Armate Invention Inventor Salvino D’Armate glasses 1 .............................................. ................................................. 2 .............................................. ................................................. 3 .............................................. ................................................. 4 .............................................. ................................................. Inventor was from: Italy ................................................... ................................................... ................................................... ................................................... Writing A paragraph about inventions 5 Work in pairs. Make a list of inventions that you use every day. my smartphone the toothbrush 6 Choose one of the inventions in your list. Work in small groups and discuss the questions. 1 2 3 4 5 What’s the invention you chose? What’s it used for? Do you know who invented it, where and when? Has it changed a lot over the years? Do you think it’s an important invention? Why/Why not? 7 Write a paragraph about your invention. Use the questions in exercise 6 to help you. 8 Show your paragraph to other people in your group. DVD Now watch The School Magazine Episode 4. DVD exercises at www.cambridge.org/elt/more ❯ Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 8b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 8 81 www.frenglish.ru CL I L Science Recycling plastics 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Look at the photos. Which object is not made of plastic? Write the names of five more things that are made of plastic. 2 Complete the information in the factfile with these words. oxygen atoms elements (x 2) hydrogen carbon Factfile Everything is made of 1.................................................... - they are so small that there are more than one million atoms in this full stop. There are at least 117 different 2.................................................... , each with its own kind of Oxygen (O), 4.................................................... (H), 5............................................ (C) and chlorine (Cl) are atom. 3 .................................................... 6 .................................................... . Plastics are chains of carbon atoms attached to other elements such as hydrogen. 13 3 CD2 Work in pairs. Read about the two groups of plastics and decide which things in the list below can be recycled. Then listen and check. Thermoplastics These melt but do not change when heated and can be recycled. Thermosetting plastics These can melt and change shape only once, so cannot be recycled, but they can be cut up and used as fuel in power stations. Type of plastic Some uses Thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic? Polyethylene Polyethylene terephthalate Polystyrene Fizzy drinks bottles, plastic bags, yoghurt pots Fizzy drinks bottles, spectacle lenses PVC (polyvinyl chloride) Polyamide (nylon) Polypropylene Polyurethane Window frames, rain coats Clothes, astro turf Carpets Surf boards, car parts Take away hot food boxes, coffee cups This is thermoplastic but it is difficult to recycle WEBQUEST Find out: What happens to recycled plastic? How much plastic is recycled in your country? 82 UNIT 8 ❯ Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CLIL www.frenglish.ru Check your progress 4 1 2 Picasso painted that picture. .................................................................................... 3 The cat broke the vase. .................................................................................... 4 A strange man picked up the telephone. .................................................................................... 5 John Lennon wrote Imagine. .................................................................................... Complete the words for materials. 1 a_ _m _n _ _m 2 s_ _ _e _ 3 r _ _b _ _ 4 _ _ a_ _i_ 5 c_ _ _ _ r 6 _l_ s _ 6 2 Match the natural disasters to the descriptions. 1 a very large wave coming from the sea 2 when the earth shakes 3 when there is no rain for a long time 4 when there is too much water 5 lots of snow falling down a mountain 6 a very strong wind 7 a mountain with lava inside a b c d e f g drought flood volcano earthquake hurricane tsunami avalanche Units 7 and 8 10 5 Complete the sentences with too or not … enough. 1 It’s a pity. He is ....................... (good) to play for the basketball team. 2 We are ....................... (late) to see the film. It started 10 minutes ago. 3 They were ....................... (strong) to lift the boxes. 4 I was ....................... (tired) to stay up late. 5 It was ....................... (dark) to see our way. 5 7 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of used to and the verbs in brackets. 1 ....................... coffee, but now I do. (I / like) 2 ....................... a lot of time with your grandparents? (you / spend) 3 ....................... in a bank, but now he’s retired. (he / work) 4 ....................... to each other, but now they are great friends. (they / talk) 5 ....................... a favourite teacher when you were at school? (you / have) 6 ....................... a dancer, but she’s too old now. (she / be) 12 4 Rewrite the sentences using the Past simple passive. 6 Match sentences 1–10 with replies a–j. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 a b c d e I don’t like running. I can’t swim. I haven’t got any money. I had a really great time. I’ve been to China. I can speak Spanish. I always go to bed late. I’m hungry. I didn’t have a holiday last year. I’m not English. So did I. So can I. Neither do I. So do I. So am I. f g h i j 1 The fire destroyed the forest. .................................................................................... MY PROGRESS SO FAR IS... ❯ Neither can I. So have I. Neither have I. Neither did I. Neither am I. 10 50 TOTAL brilliant! Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for MORE! training quite good. not great. CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 4 UNIT 8 83 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 9 I’d watch DVDs in bed! You learn •• • •and then you can •• second conditional If I were you … indefinite pronouns everyone, someone, no one, anyone words for computers give advice talk about what you would do 14 CD2 1 Listen and read. Rob Alison James Holly James Holly Alison Holly James Hi, there! What are you doing at the shopping centre? Holly’s looking for something to spend her birthday money on! Lucky you! If I were you, I’d buy a laptop. But we’ve got a computer in the living room. If I had a laptop, I’d watch DVDs in bed! I’d rather get a tablet. If I had that, I could watch music videos. Why don’t you get a new mobile phone? What’s wrong with the one I’ve got? Well, it’s really old, Holly! If you had a newer one with wi-fi, you could listen to music on it, and surf the internet. Alison And you could download lots of games and stuff. James If I were you, I’d give the money to me, and let me choose the best thing for you. Holly If I were you, James, I’d forget about that suggestion! 84 84 UNIT UNIT99 www.frenglish.ru Dialogue work 2 Match the sentence halves. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Holly really wants If James had money, If James had a laptop, If Holly had a tablet, If Holly had a new mobile phone, If Holly gave her money to James, a b c d e f she could surf the internet on it. she could watch music videos. he would buy a laptop. he would choose something for her. he would watch DVDs in bed. a tablet. Giving advice 15 3 CD2 Listen and repeat. A I need some extra money. I want to buy some new clothes. B If I were you, I’d sell some of your old things, like your CDs and DVDs. A I can’t sell my CD collection! B I need to exercise more. A If I were you, I’d cycle to school. B But it’s a long way! And what if it rains? 4 Work in pairs. Make dialogues like those in exercise 3. Use the ideas below. I need … A do babysitting D join a gym If I were you, I’d … B wash cars E use the stairs, not the lift C work as a waiter or waitress F do exercises while watching TV UNIT 9 85 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Computers 16 1 Match the words with the pictures. Then listen and check. CD2 1 wi-fi 6 DVD 2 monitor 7 scanner 3 mouse 8 memory stick B A 4 keyboard 9 printer 5 password 10 speakers C D DVD F E G I H 2 Match the explanations to the computer words in exercise 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 3 86 UNIT 9 a disc that can store music, films or files connecting computers or phones to the internet without using wires a machine that copies pictures or documents a small object that can store lots of information a screen you use with a computer something you use with a computer or a phone to type messages a machine that produces writing or images on paper a small object that you use with your hand to control a computer a secret word a piece of electrical equipment for playing recorded sound Work in pairs. Cover exercise 2 and take turns to explain the computer words in exercise 1. J www.frenglish.ru Communication Talking about what you would do 17 4 CD2 Listen and repeat. A What would you do if you saw a UFO? B I’d take a photo! What would you do? A I’d run away! A What would you do if you won a lot of money? B I’d give some to my family and buy something for my friends. What would you do? A I wouldn’t give anything to my family! 5 Work in pairs. Look at the pictures and ask and answer. What would you do if you …? A I’d … B saw a UFO C met a famous film star D could travel back in time E found a lot of money in the street F forgot your PIN code saw a robbery Sounds right the ’d sound in I’d 18 CD2 6 Listen and circle the sentences you hear. 1 A I take a photo. B I’d take a photo. 2 A I run away. B I’d run away. 3 A I ask a lot of questions. B I’d ask a lot of questions. UNIT 9 87 www.frenglish.ru Grammar Second conditional 1 Circle the correct verbs. Then check with the dialogue on page 84. 1 If I were / would be you, I’d to buy / buy a laptop. 2 If I have / had a laptop, I’d watch / watched DVDs in bed! 3 If you’d had / you had a newer one, with wi-fi, you can / could listen to music on it. These are second conditional sentences. They are used to talk about situations which are not real and may not be possible. Possible: If I see something interesting, I will take a photo. Not real: If I saw a UFO, I would take a photo. With the second conditional, we use the Past simple in the if part of the sentence. We use would or could in the other part of the sentence. (We use could to talk about ability.) We can use If I were you … to give advice to another person. 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 If you .......................... (go) to Madrid, you would learn a lot of Spanish. If my sister .......................... (not have) any friends, I would be worried about her. If my parents grounded me, I .......................... (be) really angry with them. If she .......................... (not wear) glasses, she wouldn’t be able to see. If Joe was cheeky in class, the teacher .......................... (give) him a detention. If my parents .......................... (win) the lottery, they would buy a big house. If I .......................... (have) a car, I’d take my friends to the beach. If we sang really well, we .......................... (go) on X Factor. Write advice using the words in the box. wear 88 UNIT 9 ask make study get not stay 1 If I were you, I .......................... cooler clothes. 2 If I were you, I .......................... some new glasses. 3 If I were you, I .......................... new friends. 4 If I were you, I .......................... harder for the test. 5 If I were you, I .......................... the teacher for some help. 6 If I were you, I .......................... out too late. www.frenglish.ru Grammar Indefinite pronouns 4 Look at the examples below. Then choose the best indefinite pronouns in sentences 1–4. Holly’s looking for something to spend her birthday money on! I rang the bell, but nobody was at home. Does anybody know the answer to question 2? • 5 Can you help me? There’s .......................... in my eye. When you leave the plane, remember to take .......................... with you. Is there .......................... good on at the cinema this week? We haven’t got .......................... to do this weekend. The bag’s empty. There’s .......................... in it. It’s easy to use the internet. .......................... can do it! I want to buy .......................... for my mother’s birthday. Do you have any ideas? I went to see the film, but there was .......................... there – only me! She thinks she knows .......................... , but actually, she’s not so intelligent. I’m sorry, I can’t help you with your homework. I don’t know .......................... about maths. It’s rude if you don’t say ‘thank you’. .......................... knows that! Work in pairs. A says one of the prompts, B has to finish it. Change roles. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ❯ I would like to eat something / anything nice for lunch. Everything / Everyone in my class studies very hard. I don’t know no one / anyone at this party. I have anything / nothing to do at the weekend. Complete the sentences with an indefinite pronoun. Sometimes there is more than one possible answer. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 Complete the sentences with something, nothing, anything or everything. 1 2 3 4 5 6 • • Something is an indefinite pronoun. We can use indefinite pronouns (someone, everything, no one, anything, etc.) to talk about things and people in general. No one / Nobody can be used with positive verb forms. Anyone / Anybody can be used with positive or negative verb forms. I know someone who … At our school, everyone … In our class, there isn’t anyone who … In our country, no one … I don’t know anyone who … At our school, no one is allowed to … In our class, there is someone who … In our country, everyone … I know someone who … … has got three brothers and sisters. Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 9a www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 9 89 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Work in pairs. Read about problems 1–4. What would you say to each person? 1 Ask Claire Every week, readers write to Claire, our expert on love, life and everything! ++ 2 2 Dear Claire, Dear Claire, My best friend is going out with a new boyfriend. He’s really popular and cute, but I don’t like him. He looks at other girls when she’s not looking and he’s really cheeky at school. If my friend knew, she would be really upset. She always studies hard and I don’t want her to start getting into trouble. What would you do? I play in a football team and my friend wants to join the team. The problem is, he can’t play! He’s my best friend, but every time we play football together, he makes mistakes. My team is really serious and they want to play in the Gold Cup this year. I want to tell him that he’s not good enough, but I don’t want to be mean. What would you do, if you were me? Yours, Anna B. Adam 3 4 Dear Claire, Dear Claire, There’s a really big party on Saturday night and my friend and I went shopping for new clothes. My friend chose a dress that she loves, but it’s horrible! She was really happy with it, so I just didn’t say anything. Now I feel really worried because if she wears the dress to the party, our friends will laugh at her. Really, it’s that bad! I found my sister’s diary and read a page. She’s got a problem, and I think I can help her. But if I told her that I read her diary, she would be really angry. What would you do? Paul Please help! Suzy Match Claire’s replies to the problems in exercise 1. A Ask Claire ++ 90 UNIT 9 B You must tell your friend the truth, but carefully. There are kind ways of letting her know what you think. Make suggestions about other styles or colours that would look better on her. I would warn him that you are all very serious about the game and then let him try. It’s not up to you to tell him what he can and can’t do. Be nice to your friend if he doesn’t do well. Lots of love, Claire Yours, Claire C D I would tell her the truth about what you did. She will be angry, so be ready to say you are sorry! Remember, you might think that you can help her, but she might not want your help. You could tell her about your worries over her school work, but don’t tell her that you don’t like the boy! It’s difficult, but your friend likes him, so try and help her and maybe get to know him. Hope that helps, All the best, Claire. Claire www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 19 3 CD2 19 4 CD2 Listen to four phone conversations. Tick the problems that are mentioned. Conversation 1 1 Holly thought her hair looked bad. 2 Holly doesn’t like pop stars. Conversation 3 1 Rob has to go to the park. 2 Rob has lost his phone. Conversation 2 1 Lucas’s sister has problems at school. 2 Lucas’s sister is ill. Conversation 4 1 Natalie has a headache. 2 Natalie has been to the doctor. Listen again and choose the correct answers. 1 If Alison saw a pop star, … A she’d run away. B she’d ask him for a photo. C she’d kiss him. D she’d hide. 2 If kids were picking on Finn’s sister, … A he’d ask her about it. B he’d talk to her friends. C he’d talk to the mean kids. D he’d tell his mum. 3 If Rob kept his mobile phone in his bag, … A it would fall out. B he wouldn’t lose it. C it would be heavy. D it would be hard to find. 4 If Natalie wore glasses, she thinks … A she’d look beautiful. B she’d look clever. C she wouldn’t look cool. D she’d have headaches. Writing A reply to a problem 5 Read the problem below. Ask Claire My best friend, James, has found a new girlfriend. It’s very good news. She is a nice person. But there’s a big problem. Now, James never wants to come out. He doesn’t want to go to the cinema, and he has stopped playing football. When I call him, his girlfriend always answers the phone. I think she is angry when James spends time with his friends. What would you do if you were me? ++ 6 Work in pairs. Think of advice you could give. Complete the sentences with your ideas • • ❯ Thanks, Stuart If I were you, I’d … You must (not) … • • I think you should … Don’t … 7 Write a reply to Stuart, giving your advice. 8 Work in small groups. Take turns to read your replies. Which are the best suggestions? Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 9b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 9 91 www.frenglish.ru C ulture The focus of our fifth special feature Around the world is on the internet. How we use the internet We use the internet for everything these days. No matter where we are, we can access our emails online, or check socialnetworking sites. If we want to check some information, for example a train time, we can find it immediately on the internet. We can communicate instantly with people all around the world. In the old days, our grandparents had to send letters by post and wait several days. If they wanted to find information, they had to go to a library or phone an information line. Are we addicted to the internet? Are internet ‘friends’ really friends? Some scientists think that using the internet too much makes us tired, stressed and lonely. Yes, we may have thousands of online contacts all around the world, but do we really feel close to them? Too much internet? So does the internet make everything better? Maybe not. According to research, most people are using the internet too much. Business people check their emails up to six times a day, or maybe more. They also check their emails at the weekend or when they are on holiday. This means that some people can never ‘switch off’. The internet today Some studies say that 80% of us use the internet every day, for around 13 hours a week. The most popular use of the internet is to check social-networking sites. It doesn’t matter where we are – on a bus or in the mountains – we can upload photos or chat with our friends all over the world, just by using a mobile phone. The next most popular use is to send emails. Many people also use the internet to read the news, or online magazines. Shopping, watching videos and internet banking are also common. 92 UNIT 9 Getting away from the internet In fact, some people use the internet so much, that they are happy to pay for ‘internet-free’ holidays. In Switzerland, you can go to special hotels where there is no internet, no wi-fi, and no phone signal! This would be the perfect holiday for someone who really wants to switch off. For other people, it would be the worst holiday possible! Over to you! How many hours a day do you use the internet? How many times a day do you check your emails? How many times a day do you go on Facebook? Compare in class. MORE! Online Action Box Listening and Quiz online. Write a text for the MORE! Online journal. Put it online for students from other countries to read. ❯ Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CULTURE www.frenglish.ru E x t r a Reading Mowgli’s Brothers by Rudyard Kipling When Mother Wolf finds a baby outside her cave she decides to keep him and raise him with her own cubs. But not everyone in the jungle wants Mowgli and soon the wolves must decide if he can join the pack. T he Law of the Jungle says very clearly that when all cubs are old enough to stand on their feet their mother and father must show them to the Pack Council. There is usually a Pack Council once a month at full moon. After the council the cubs are free to run where they want. Father Wolf waited till his cubs could run a little. Then on the night of the Pack Meeting he took them and Mowgli and Mother Wolf to the Council Rock. The Council Rock was on the top of a hill. The hill was covered with stones and rocks and a hundred wolves could hide there. The leader of the pack was Akela, the great grey Lone Wolf. He was strong and cunning. Now he was stretched out on his rock. More than forty wolves of every size and colour sat below him. There was very little talking at the Rock. The cubs played in the centre of the circle where their mothers and fathers sat. Now and again a senior wolf went quietly up to a cub and looked at him carefully. Then he returned to his place on noiseless feet. Sometimes a mother pushed her cub into the centre of the circle to be sure that the senior wolves could see him. Akela from his rock shouted: “You know the law — you know the law. Look well, wolves!” And the anxious mothers answered his call, saying: “Look — look well, O wolves!” At last Father Wolf pushed ‘Mowgli the Frog’, as they called him, into the centre. Mowgli sat laughing and playing with some stones that shone in the moonlight. Mother Wolf looked at him nervously. Akela didn’t lift his head from his paws. He went on with his cry: “Look well!” Then a roar came from behind the rocks. It was the voice of Shere Khan: “The cub is mine. Give him to me. What do the wolves want with a man cub?” Akela didn’t move his ears. All he said was: “Look well, O wolves! And remember, wolves don’t take orders from anyone who isn’t a wolf. Look well!” There was a chorus of deep growls, and a young wolf asked Akela Shere Khan’s question: “What do the wolves want with a man cub?” Now, the Law of the Jungle says that if there is a disagreement about the right of a cub to be part of the pack, he must be spoken for by at least two members of the pack who are not his father and mother. “Who speaks for this cub?” asked Akela. “Which wolves speak for this cub?” There was no answer. Mother Wolf got ready for a fight. Her last fight. to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for for exercises. to www.cambridge.org/elt/more exercises ❯Go Go UNIT 9 93 93 www.frenglish.ru 10 UNIT 1 You learn • •• •and then you can •• to make deductions with must, might, can’t causative have infinitives of purpose words for cooking make deductions express opinions It must be good for you Read the emails. What is Sam’s problem? From: Sam <sam@yahoo.co.uk> Date: 4 June 16:16 Subject: Hello! To: Jess <jess@gmail.com> ____________________________________________________________ Hello Jess, I’m writing to say thank you for the lovely picnic last weekend. It was great. But guess what? I’ve been ill since then! I’ve got a runny nose, my eyes are watering, and my skin is terrible. My mum says it must be an allergy – or maybe I ate something which was bad for me. Now I’m ill. But what did I eat? We had your sandwiches … What was inside them? Was it cheddar cheese? I might be allergic to cheese. And what did we drink? I think we only drank water. I can’t be allergic to water! Anyway, I’m going to the doctor today to check what’s wrong. I’ll have some tests done. Then I’ll write back to you to tell you my news! Lots of love, Sam Hi Sam, Hello Jess, Oh no! That’s terrible. I’m so sorry that you’ve been ill. I hope it wasn’t my sandwiches that made you feel bad. They did have cheddar cheese in them. Well, I’ve come back from the doctor. I’ve got good news and bad news. The bad news is that I’m allergic to strawberries. Remember? We had some strawberries at the picnic, too. I’m really surprised, because I always thought that strawberries had lots of vitamins, and that they were good for you! But they’re not good for me, it seems. But remember after the picnic? You said you were still hungry, so we stopped at that very cheap burger place. You had a burger and lots of cola, and I didn’t. I’m sorry, but I think it must be the burger that made you ill. Love, Oh well, never mind. The good news is that I’m not allergic to burgers! Would you like to come for another picnic at the weekend? No strawberries this time. Jess Lots of love, Anyway, let me know soon! Sam 94 UNIT 10 www.frenglish.ru Text work 2 Answer the questions. 1 Why is Sam writing to Jess? 2 What is an ‘allergy’? 3 Why is he going to the doctor? 4 What did he eat at the weekend? 5 What caused Sam’s allergy? 6 Why was Sam surprised? Making deductions 20 3 CD2 Listen and repeat. What do you think this is? A What do you think this is? B It must be a strawberry. What do you think? It must be a … A No, it can’t be a strawberry. It must be a raspberry. A Do you know what this is? B It might be a kiwi fruit. A Yes, I think you’re right. 4 It might be a … Work in pairs. Try and match the words in the box to the pictures. Make dialogues like those in exercise 3. When you agree write the words under the pictures. melon orange kiwi fruit grapes cherries blueberries apple strawberry raspberry grapefruit A B C D E ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... ...................................... F ...................................... G ...................................... H ...................................... I ...................................... J ...................................... UNIT 10 95 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Cooking 21 1 CD2 Match the verbs with the pictures. Then listen and check. peel stir grill add serve mix boil fry chop peel 1 ............................... an onion 2 ............................... the onions 3 ............................... the onions 4 ............................... the peppers 5 ............................... the onions, peppers and the tomato 6 ............................... the sauce 7 ............................... the pasta 8 ............................... the sauce 9 ............................... some salt 10 ............................... the food 2 Work in pairs. Think of two other things that you can … • • • • 96 taste UNIT 10 peel fry chop grill A We can peel bananas. B And we can peel potatoes … A Yes, and we can fry … www.frenglish.ru Communication Expressing opinions 22 3 CD2 Listen to the conversation. Then complete the table below with the underlined phrases. Rob Hannah Rob Hannah I’m a vegetarian. In my opinion, it’s better not to eat meat. Really? Why do you say that? Well, I think vegetarians are healthier. I don’t agree. I know someone who is a vegetarian and eats lots of chocolate, chips and cola. He’s not very healthy. Rob Yes, maybe you’re right. But I believe that a diet full of fresh fruit and vegetables is very good for you. Hannah Yes, definitely. I agree with you. Rob And meat is bad for you. Hannah I’m not sure about that. I eat meat, and I’m OK. Stating an opinion Agreeing Disagreeing In my opinion … 4 Look at the sentences below. Decide if you agree or disagree. 1 2 3 4 5 5 We should always cook our own food. People should never go to fast-food restaurants. We should eat five portions of fruit or vegetables every day. Children should never eat food which has sugar in it. If you eat good food, you will live a long time. Work in pairs. Say if you agree or disagree with the sentences in Exercise 4. A In my opinion, we should all cook our own food. B I’m not sure about that. What about bread or milk? It’s very difficult to make all our food. Sounds right Intonation: agreeing and disagreeing 23 CD2 6 We use different intonation when we agree and when we disagree. Listen and repeat. 1 I don’t agree. I know someone who is a vegetarian and eats lots of chocolate, chips and cola. He’s not very healthy. 2 Yes, maybe you’re right. 3 Yes, definitely. I agree with you. 4 I’m not sure about that. I eat meat, and I’m OK. UNIT 10 97 www.frenglish.ru Grammar Making deductions 1 Complete the examples with one word. Then check with the emails on page 94. My skin is terrible. My mum says it 1 ................ be an allergy. Was it cheddar cheese? I 2 ................ be allergic to cheese. I think we only drank water. I 3 ................ be allergic to water! When you are trying to guess about something (make a deduction), and you are sure something is true, use must. (My mum is sure that it is an allergy.) When you are not 100% sure, use might. (It’s possible that I’m allergic to cheese, but I’m not sure.) When you are sure something is not true, use can’t. (I’m sure that I am not allergic to water.). 2 Complete the sentences with must, might or can’t. 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 98 UNIT 10 He eats burgers every weekend. He ........................... love burgers. It’s very cold. It ........................... snow tomorrow. She didn’t finish her lunch. She ........................... be ill. He worked until 2 am. He ........................... be very tired. That ........................... be her grandmother – she only looks about 30. She ........................... be at home! I saw her in town five minutes ago. Write deductions about the situations below. Use must be or can’t be. 1 cold 2 having a nice time 3 hungry 4 enjoying herself 5 watching a funny film 6 know a lot about computers www.frenglish.ru Grammar Causative have 4 Look at the example below. Then choose the correct answers in the rule. I will go to the doctor to have some tests done. This structure is have + something + 1Present simple / Past participle. We use this structure to say that 2we do something / another person does something for us. 5 Match the sentences to the pictures. 1 She’s having her hair cut. 2 She’s having her bike fixed. A 6 B 3 He’s having his hair dyed. 4 She’s having her car washed. C D Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs on the left. repair change paint cut test check 1 2 3 4 5 6 My glasses are broken. I need to have them ............................ . These walls are looking dirty. I need to have them ............................ . This carpet is very old. We should have it ............................ It’s important to go to the dentist often, to have your teeth ............................ . Your hair is too long. When are you going to have it ...........................? I’m going to the optician to have my eyes ........................... . Infinitives of purpose 7 Complete the examples below. Then check in the text on page 94. I’m writing 1 ................ thank you for the lovely picnic last weekend. I’m going to the doctor today 2 ................ what’s wrong. We use the infinitive of purpose (to + verb) to explain something or give a reason. 8 make wear invite buy be ❯ Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs on the left. 1 2 3 4 5 I’m going to the shops ............................ some food for the party tonight. Ben phoned me ............................ me to the cinema tonight. I’m washing this car ............................ some extra money. I’m cycling to school ............................ more healthy. I bought some new shoes ............................ to the wedding. Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 10a www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 10 99 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Work in pairs. Look at the title of the article and the photos. What do you think is the answer to the question in the title? Why is a Mediterranean diet good for you? T here are many healthy diets across the world. In China, people love their food and eat lots of fresh vegetables. In Japan, fresh fish and not much bread or cheese helps people live a long time. One of the best diets in the world is the famous ‘Mediterranean diet’. In countries like Italy, Spain, Greece and Morocco, people are healthy, live long and are happy. But why is this diet so good for you? Another important thing is the culture of eating. In the Mediterranean countries, people enjoy their food, and they take time eating their meals. Eating is a fun activity, to be shared with other people. It isn’t something to be done quickly, or alone at work in front of a computer. Finally, the Mediterranean diet is not just good for your heart and your waist line. Many scientists now think that it is good for the brain, too. Studies show that eating fresh fruit, vegetables and lots of fish helps you think faster, and gives you a very good memory! Also, people in the Mediterranean area are active. It is very common in countries like Italy to go out for a walk before or after a meal, rather than sit in front of the TV. So, next time you think about eating a burger, try thinking of a fresh salad instead! First, let’s look at what is in the Mediterranean diet. People in these countries eat a lot of olive oil, fruit and vegetables and fish. But what is also important is what they don’t eat. This diet is low in dairy products (like cheese, butter and yogurt) and meat. These people also make sure they eat food which is fresh and cooked slowly. They don’t often buy ready meals from supermarkets or food which is made in factories. 2 Read the article. Answer the questions. 1 2 3 4 5 100 UNIT 10 Which countries have a healthy diet? What is the ‘Mediterranean diet’? What is not part of this diet? What is typical about the Mediterranean attitude towards eating? What are the advantages of this diet? www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 24 3 CD2 Listen to two people (Akiko from Japan and Paolo from Italy) talking about the food they eat. Who talks about the things in the pictures? Circle A or P. A A/P 24 C B 4 CD2 D A/P E A/P A/P F A/P A/P Listen again. Circle T (true) or F (false). 1 2 3 4 Akiko thinks the Japanese always eat healthy food. She thinks American food is not healthy. Paolo does not always eat healthy food. He doesn’t like sweet food. T/F T/F T/F T/F Writing A recipe 5 Complete the recipe below with these words. chop stir serve add make fry Risotto To 1.......................... this Italian rice dish, you need butter, garlic, an onion, rice and chicken stock*. First, 2.......................... the onion and garlic into very small pieces. After that, 3.......................... the onion and garlic in the butter for two or three minutes. Then, 4.......................... the rice into the butter. 5 .......................... the chicken stock one spoon at a time. Let the rice slowly cook in the chicken stock. Finally, when the rice is ready, put in some salt and some parmesan cheese. 6.......................... the risotto immediately, before it cools down. * stock = liquid made from boiling meat or vegetables in water 6 Write a recipe for your favourite dish. Use these words from Exercise 5. to make 7 first after that then when finally before Show your recipe to other students in the class. Which recipe sounds the most delicious? DVD Now watch The School Magazine Episode 5. DVD exercises at www.cambridge.org/elt/more ❯ Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 10b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 10 101 www.frenglish.ru CL I L Biology Disease and medicine 25 1 CD2 Work in pairs. Circle the correct answers. Then listen and check. Quiz 1 What causes diseases? a dirt b bacteria c cold weather d pain 2 How are infectious diseases, such as colds, usually spread? a eating contaminated food b hand-to-face contact c breathing viruses in the air d drinking infected water 3 How can we help to prevent disease? a wash our hands b stay in bed c don’t drink from the same glass as other people d have a bath every day 4 Which of these will help keep your immune system strong? a exercise b lots of sleep c a proper diet d a, b and c 2 Read the text and answer the questions. Microbes live all around you, on you and inside you. They are not visible. Some microbes make you ill, but most of them keep you healthy and help you to fight disease. Microbes are divided into four main groups – bacteria, viruses, fungi (or mould) and parasites. Bacteria are really important microbes – life on earth couldn’t exist without them! Bacteria have only one cell, shaped like a sphere, rod or spiral. A single one, called a bacterium, is very, very small. Most bacteria aren’t harmful to you. In fact, they keep you healthy. But if you eat food that is not cooked properly, the bacteria may survive and make you feel very ill. Viruses are the smallest type of microbe. Diseases caused by viruses usually spread easily from one person to another. Fungi and mould are types of micro-organisms that sometimes grow on decaying food. They sometimes make you ill if you eat them. Parasites are plants or animals that live on or inside a host. They need another living thing to live and grow and they get all their food from the host. Parasites usually aren’t very good for their host and can make you very sick. 1 What is a microbe? 2 How can bacteria make you ill? 3 What does a virus cause? 4 Where can you find fungi or mould? 5 What does a parasite live on? WEBQUEST Find: How are these diseases transmitted? How can they be prevented? Disease Infuenza [flu] Cholera Salmonella Malaria Tetanus 102 UNIT 10 Method of transmission contact with people dirty water ❯ How can it be prevented? Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CLIL www.frenglish.ru Check your progress 5 1 Complete the computer words. 1 m_n_t_r 2 _e_b_ _ _ _ 3 p_ _ _w_ _ _ Units 9 and 10 3 There’s ....................... to do in my town. It’s so boring. 4 Don’t say ....................... about the party. It’s a secret. 4 m_m_ _y s_ _ _ _ 5 p_ _ _ _ _r 6 m_ _ _ _ 4 6 2 6 Unscramble the cooking words. 1 3 5 6 lepe an onion 2 ilbo the pasta ligri the meat 4 vesre the food poch the vegetables state the food before you add more salt 1 He ................ his hair ................ (cut) yesterday. 2 We ................ our photos ................ (take) by a photographer yesterday. 3 She ............... a new dress ................ . (make) 4 They ................ their car ................ (check) today. 5 I always ................ my papers ................. . (deliver) 6 She ................ her scooter ................ (repair) yesterday. 6 3 Write second conditional sentences. 1 I ................ (go) if I ................ (know) the address. 2 If they ................ (have) more money, they ................ (buy) the house. 3 If she ................ (get) a job, she ....................... (be) happier. 4 We ................ (help) them if they ....................... (need) it. 5 He ................ (learn) more English if he ................ (go) to England. 6 If I ................ (win) the lottery, I ................ (give) money to charity. 12 4 Complete the dialogue with everyone, someone, no one or anyone. 1 ................ knows Marco. He’s very popular. When I arrived at this school. I didn’t know 2 ............... . Marco was the first person I spoke to. 3 ................ likes their first day at school. It was terrible. I really needed 4 ................ to talk to and I found Marco! Complete the sentences with the verb in brackets and causative have. 6 7 Write a deduction for each sentence. 1 I haven’t had lunch. (hungry) You ............................................................................ 2 I’ve just passed my exams. (happy) You ............................................................................ 3 He’s just lost his job. (pleased) He .............................................................................. 4 She doesn’t speak Japanese. (from Japan) She ............................................................................ 5 She opened the window. (hot) She ............................................................................ 6 Joe isn’t at school. (ill) He .............................................................................. 12 4 5 Complete the sentences with everything, something, nothing or anything. 1 Would you like ....................... to drink? 2 She’s my best friend. She tells me ....................... . MY PROGRESS SO FAR IS... ❯ TOTAL brilliant! Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for MORE! training quite good. 50 not great. CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 5 UNIT 10 103 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 11 We should organise a protest You learn •• •and then you can •• reported speech (1): say and tell want / ask / tell someone to do something words for the environment say what people should do say what you want people to do 26 CD2 1 Listen and read. Alison James Alison James We’re so lucky to have this field to play games in. Well, enjoy it while you can. We won’t have it for much longer. What do you mean? Didn’t you hear about the city council’s plans for this field? They say that they want to build a supermarket and car park here. Rob But that means there won’t be anywhere for us to hang out and play! Holly You’re right! I think we should talk to other kids and organise a meeting with the city council. James My mum has already been to see the city council planner about it. She asked him to find a different place to build the supermarket, but he said it was too late. He told her they were going to start building in a few weeks. Holly I think we should organise a protest march through the town centre. I’m sure we’ll get lots of support from other kids and their parents. Rob What about a petition? We can ask people to sign it. Alison Good idea! 104 UNIT 11 www.frenglish.ru Dialogue work 2 Match the sentence halves. 1 James says that the city council wants 2 James’s mother asked the city planner to find a different 3 The city council planner told James’s mother 4 Holly thinks they should 5 Rob wants to ask people a b c d e place for the supermarket. it was too late to change the plans. to sign a petition. organise a protest march. to build a new supermarket. Saying what people should do 27 3 CD2 Listen and repeat. A B A B 4 We need people to sign their names. I agree. We should organise a petition. It’s not a good idea to build more roads. I agree. They shouldn’t build more roads. What should / shouldn’t people do in these situations? Make sentences and match them to the pictures. 1 2 3 4 5 6 clean the beach waste water recycle glass and paper throw litter on the ground build a new playground walk or use bicycles instead They should clean the beach. A B C D E F UNIT 11 105 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary The environment 28 1 CD2 Complete the sentences with the words below. Then listen and check. 1 Don’t drop your ............................... in the street – pick it up! 2 There is too much ............................... in cities because of cars and factories. 3 ............................... is causing lots of strange weather – we are having more hurricanes and floods. 4 There is always a ............................... in this city around 6 pm. 5 We all live on the same ...............................! 6 We should stop cutting down trees, otherwise the ............................... will disappear in a few years. 7 I always ............................... paper and glass – I don’t throw it away. 8 Because of ..............................., the ice caps are melting and sea levels are rising. 9 We use too much ................................ . What happens when the oil runs out? A B climate change pollution D E planet rainforest G H recycle 2 traffic jam UNIT 11 litter F global warming I petrol Work in pairs. Ask and answer. Give reasons for your answers. 1 2 3 4 5 6 106 C Do you think there is a lot of pollution where you live? Are you worried about climate change and global warming? If you see litter on the street, does it make you angry? What can ordinary people do to save the planet? Do you usually recycle your rubbish? What things can people do to use less petrol? www.frenglish.ru Communication Saying what you want people to do 29 3 CD2 Listen and repeat. A B A B A B A Can you do something for me? Yes? What is it? I want you to take the rubbish out. OK. I’ll do that straightaway. And then, clean your room! Oh, do I have to? Yes. It’s been in a mess for weeks. A B A B Hi, can you do something for me? What is it? I want you to help me with my homework. I’m sorry, I can’t. My mum asked me to take the rubbish out. A Oh. B Then she told me to clean my room. 4 Work in pairs. Ask each other to do something. Use the ideas below. • • • • • 5 lend me your phone give me a lift to the station help me with my homework turn down your music feed my cat Can you do something for me? I want you to … What is it? Work with a different partner. Tell each other what your partner before told or asked you to do. She asked me to … He told me to … Sounds right Asking and telling 30 CD2 6 When we ask someone to do something, we use different intonation from when we tell someone to do something. Listen and repeat. 1 2 3 4 I want you to take the rubbish out. Clean your room! I want you to help me with my homework. Turn that music down! UNIT 11 107 www.frenglish.ru Grammar Reported speech (1) 1 Choose the correct words. Then check with the dialogue on page 104. She asked him to find a different place to build the supermarket, but he 1 said / told it was too late. He 2 said / told her they were going to start building in a few weeks. 2 Complete the rule with say or tell. When we report what people say, we often use the verbs say and tell. 1 ................ is not followed by an object (him, you, her, etc) 2 ................ is followed by an object. We often change the pronoun when we are reporting. Helen: ‘You look sad.’ Bob: ‘It’s my birthday.’ Helen said I looked sad. Bob told me that it was his birthday. When we are reporting, if the reporting verb is in the past tense, we change the tenses in the reported speech. Henry: ‘I don’t want to go to the cinema.’ Henry said he didn’t want to go to the cinema. Joe: ‘We are playing football at the weekend.’ Joe told me they were playing football at the weekend. Sue: ‘It will rain on Saturday.’ Sue said that it would rain on Saturday. 3 Circle the correct words. 1 2 3 4 5 4 Work in pairs. Follow the instructions below. 1 2 3 4 5 5 You told / told me to come to the cinema at 8 pm. She said / said me that I should have my hair cut. I told him / told his that it would rain tomorrow. They said / told me the time. I said / told that I didn’t want to go out at the weekend. Tell your partner your favourite sport. Say where you usually buy your clothes. Say where the most beautiful place in your country is. Tell your partner what your favourite music is. Tell your partner the name of a good film to see. Work in new pairs. Say what your first partner said or told you. She told me her favourite sport was cycling. 108 UNIT 11 My favourite sport is cycling. www.frenglish.ru Grammar want / ask / tell someone to do something We often use the verb want with an object pronoun + to. I want you to go to your room and do your homework. I don’t want you to play on your computer all night. The verbs ask and tell have a similar construction when the following clause is negative. Note the position of not Mum told me to buy some bread. He told us not to worry. 6 Match the sentences with the reported statements. 1 2 3 4 7 The teacher asked us to be quiet. He asked me not to tell anyone. Come to the cinema. Do you want to come with me to the cinema? Don’t go to the cinema. Please don’t go to the cinema. He told me not to go to the cinema. He asked me to come to the cinema. He told me to come to the cinema. He asked me not to go to the cinema. Put the words in order to make sentences. 1 with / She / wanted / to / me / go / her / . 2 me / asked / wait / to / I / for / him / . 3 told / at 8.30 / you / You / phone / me / to / . 8 a b c d 4 They / some food / us / wanted / them / to buy / . 5 quiet / her / We / to / be / asked / . 6 fast food / told / stop eating / to / I / you / . Write sentences for the pictures below using ask and tell. A B C her – marry her – pick up her litter him – stop watching TV ............................................................. ............................................................. ............................................................. D E F her – pass him the salt his friend – speak louder him – open the door for her ............................................................. ............................................................. ............................................................. ❯ Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 11a www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 11 109 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Read the article quickly. Who has helped other people … 1 by protesting? 2 by being green? 3 by writing? thought it wasn’t fair. She wrote about it in the school newspaper, and then she wrote an article for a big newspaper in Paris. She was even on TV! Now she’s a professional reporter, and writes about problems that young people have all over the world. Get up, stand up Even young people can change the world! Read about three kids who made a decision – to stand up for their rights, and to help other people. They’ve been able to do something – and maybe you can, too! Andy started to plant trees when he was 15 years old. When there was a forest fire, he planted new trees to help a new forest grow. He started a group called TreePeople, which has planted more than two million trees around Los Angeles, California. They also send fruit trees to Africa, and help other groups protect the environment in the same way. The group is now also trying to come up with a solution for another big problem – there isn’t enough water for all the people in California! Melissa was born in an area of London where there’s a lot of crime. Life was very difficult, especially for young people, and when she was 13, Melissa decided to stop talking about it and begin trying to change her world. She organised a meeting with lots of other kids. They sent out emails to all their friends. Finally they all went on a protest march through the streets near her home. Everyone was talking about it, and for a time, Melissa and her friends were famous! She talked to many important people about what they should do. Melissa is now a musician, and has moved away from the streets where she was born, but she still does a lot for young people. Chantal, from France, writes for her school newspaper. She was angry because children couldn’t go into many of the shops and cafés near her school when they were in groups. She 2 So you see, if you think something isn’t right, you can change it - and there are many ways to give the world your message! Read the article again. Correct the wrong information in the sentences below. Andy 1 Andy has planted trees since he was a small child. 2 Andy’s group also plants fruit trees in Africa. Chantal 3 The shops near Chantal’s school didn’t allow any young people to shop there. 4 Chantal is a teacher today. Melissa 5 Melissa was worried about crime so she went on TV. 6 Melissa works as a policewoman now. 110 UNIT 11 www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 31 3 Listen to Freddie and Emma. What is the new rule in their school? 4 Listen again and choose the correct answers. CD2 31 CD2 1 Emma thinks that … A kids should be able to leave school at lunch break. B the school should offer only junk food. C kids should all stay at school at lunch break. D kids should all eat healthy food. 2 Emma says that … A almost no one likes salads. B the school should offer fish and chips for lunch. C she’ll leave the school at lunchtime even if it’s not allowed. D a lot of kids will refuse to eat the school lunches. 3 Emma and her friends … A are going to sign a petition. B are going to ask the teachers to hand out leaflets. C think they can get the headmistress to change her decision. D will vote about it. 4 The headmistress says … A the new menu will be salads only. B there will be a choice of foods on the menu. C the kids won’t be able to choose what food they eat. D a few of the meals on the menu will be healthy. Writing An article about an environmental problem 5 Read the article below. Add the missing phrases. Just think And another thing Did you know We must I am writing about I believe that 1 ............................... a serious problem at our school. 2 ............................... that most people would like to cycle to school, but they can’t? The roads around our school are very dangerous and full of cars. There are no cycle paths and no safe roads that students can travel on. 3 ............................... building new cycle paths will encourage people to cycle to school. 4 ............................... about it – more bikes and fewer cars can only be a good thing. It will be more environmentally friendly. 5 ............................... – it will make us healthier if we cycle. 6 ............................... do something about this! Join us in our protest on Friday morning in front of the school. ❯ 6 Choose one of the problems below. Write an article to tell people about the problem, and make them take action. Use phrases from exercise 5. • there are no recycling bins in your school • people leave the computers on all night • there is a lot of litter around your school 7 Work in small groups. Read each other’s articles. Do they make you want to take action? Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 11b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 11 111 www.frenglish.ru C ulture The focus of our sixth special feature Around the world is on buildings. The SEVEN WONDERS OF THE MODERN WORLD The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World was a list of the most beautiful and important buildings of 2,000 years ago. Only one of these still exists today – Egypt’s Great Pyramid of Giza. Now there is a new list. 100 million people around the world voted for the most popular and important existing buildings. Here is what they chose. The Great Wall of China. This amazing structure was built more than 2,200 years ago. It was built to protect the Chinese Empire from enemies outside the country. Originally, it was more than 20,000 km long. Petra. This ancient city in Jordan is more than 2,300 years old. It is sometimes called the ‘Rose City’ because of the beautiful pink colour of its amazing buildings and statues carved into the mountain rocks. The Taj Mahal was built in the 17 th century by the Indian emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife after she died. More than 20,000 people worked on the building, and it took more than 20 years to finish. Christ the Redeemer. This statue is the symbol of Rio de Janeiro, in Brazil. It is 30 metres tall, and stands on a mountain looking over the city. It was finished in 1931. Visitors get to the statue by bus or train, and see the amazing view. Colosseum. This amphitheatre, in Rome, Italy, is the largest in the world, with seats for 80,000 people. It is nearly 2,000 years old. Chichen Itza. This is one of the largest Maya cities in Mexico. It is around 1,500 years old and includes pyramids and temples. Over to you! Machu Picchu. This is an ancient Inca city. It was built 600 years ago at the top of a very tall mountain (2,430 metres) in Peru. The original people left the city, but no one knows why. For many hundreds of years it was empty. It was discovered again in 1911. 112 UNIT 11 Choose one of the buildings. Do some research on the internet and write a factfile about it. ❯ MORE! Online Action Box Listening and Quiz online. Write a text for the MORE! Online journal. Put it online for students from other countries to read. Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CULTURE www.frenglish.ru E x t r a Reading How green can you be? It’s difficult to be really green these days. Every day, we use lots of electricity just by recharging our phone or watching TV. We use lots of water when we have a shower and petrol if we use a car or a bus. So how easy is it to be really environmentally friendly? More and more people are living ‘off-grid’. This means that they never use electricity from power stations or water from water companies. They save a lot of money, but it isn’t easy. The Lowe family of West Virginia went ‘off-grid’ two years ago. They put solar panels on the roof of their small home, and now generate 100% of their own electricity. This is enough to power their TV and computer and they use wood to heat their home on the colder days. The only problem is when it’s cloudy or it rains. Then, the sun disappears, and there isn’t enough electricity to power everything. This means that the Lowe family have to watch the weather forecast very carefully, and plan exactly when they are going to use the washing machine, or watch the TV. A more extreme example is Mark Boyle, who lives in the south of England. He decided to try and live without using any electricity, or spending any money. He bought a caravan near a farm, and started to do voluntary work in return for food. He uses solar panels to power his laptop, and cooks with a wood fire. If he needs something, for example new clothes, or new equipment for his caravan, he volunteers for his friends, or cooks them food. He says that he has learned a lot from living in this way. The most important thing, he says, is that money is not so important. Life is easier now, without stress or worrying about bills. And, he says, he has learned what true friendship is. to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for for exercises. to www.cambridge.org/elt/more exercises ❯Go Go UNIT 11 113 113 www.frenglish.ru UNIT 12 1 You learn •• • reported speech (2) reflexive pronouns words for physical appearance and then you can •• It’s an awesome place! Read the article about California. California justify opinions describe appearance The Golden State We are in the Joshua Tree National Park in the desert. It’s amazing – the shapes of the trees are just incredible. Some look like strange animals! L ast month, I decided to visit California, one of the USA’s most popular and exciting states. I bought myself a ticket for San Francisco and off I went! At my hotel, I met David and Emma from London. I asked them why they were there. They said they were on holiday there with their parents and they told me they were going to the Joshua Tree National Park that day. I saw them later in the evening. They said they had really enjoyed themselves and that the park was amazing. I wanted to know if they planned to visit again. They said they wanted to, as there were still so many things to see like Yosemite National Park and San Francisco. That’s the thing about California. It’s so diverse, with mountains, deserts and famous places like Venice Beach. Of course, its main attraction must be Hollywood. Thousands of people go there every year to visit the Walk of Fame in Los Angeles and to experience their favourite films at Universal Studios. At the hotel I met Jane and Sarah who told me their visit to Universal Studios was one of the best days of their life! They actually met Ryan Gosling who was filming there! So if you want to go to a great place with lots of different things to see and do, visit The Golden State of California! 114 UNIT 12 We are in Universal Studios today! It’s brilliant! There’s an earthquake and you get attacked by the shark from Jaws!! We also want to go to the Walk of Fame where lots of famous actresses and actors have a pink star in the pavement! www.frenglish.ru Text work 2 Circle T (true) or F (false). 1 2 3 4 5 6 California is known as the Golden State. There are no deserts in California. There is a national park in California. California has lots of different scenery. There is a film studio in California. San Francisco and New York are in California. T/F T/F T/F T/F T/F T/F Justifying opinions 32 3 CD2 Listen and repeat. A I really love San Francisco. It’s fun and interesting. B Americans are great. They’re so friendly. 33 4 CD2 Match the sentences. Then listen and repeat. 1 2 3 4 5 5 The beaches in California are great. Justin Bieber is my favourite singer. Yosemite is a wonderful park. I don’t really like London. I love Universal Studios. a b c d e It has beautiful mountains. It’s a fun place to visit. It rains too much. His new album is fantastic. They’re beautiful and the sand is clean. Make a list of famous people (actors, singers, etc.) you know well. Tell your partner about them and justify your opinions. … was really bad in his latest film. I fell asleep after 30 minutes. … is a great singer. I have all her albums. UNIT 12 115 www.frenglish.ru Vocabulary Describing people and clothes 34 1 CD2 Match the words and the pictures. Then listen and check. glasses jewellery shirt skirt pullover trousers suit trainers sweatshirt leather jacket A B C D E F G H I J 35 2 CD2 3 Work in pairs. Write the words below in the correct part of the table. Some words can go in more than one part. Then listen and check. short well-built fashionable bald casual slim elegant scruffy torn tall stylish young straight smart curly body short age clothes hair Choose a person in the room. Describe what he or she is wearing. Your partner guesses the person’s name. A She’s wearing glasses and a short skirt. She has long, dark hair. B Is it … ? 116 UNIT 12 blonde dark middle-aged www.frenglish.ru Communication Describing appearance 36 4 Listen and repeat. CD2 A What does he look like? A He’s tall, middle-aged and bald. He’s quite good-looking. A What does she look like? B She’s about 25. She’s slim and she’s wearing smart clothes. 5 Work in small groups. Discuss the people in the photos using the words in exercise 2. Do you have the same opinions? B He looks about 50, he’s slim and he’s bald. A What does he look like? A B C D E F G H Sounds right Lists 37 CD2 6 When we list things, we usually pause after each thing in the list. Our voice usually goes up on each thing, and then down at the end. Listen and repeat. He’s tall, middle-aged, and bald. She’s about 25, she’s slim and she’s wearing smart clothes. UNIT 12 117 www.frenglish.ru Grammar Reported speech (2) 1 Complete the sentences. Then check with the text on page 114. 1 2 3 4 ‘We’re on holiday.’ They ................ they ................ on holiday. ‘We’re going to the park.’ They ................ me they ................ to the park. ‘Why are you here?’ I asked them ................ they ................ there. ‘Do you want to visit again?’ I wanted to know ................ they ................ to visit again. When we report someone’s words, we often change the verb tense (see sentences 1 to 4). When we report a question, we use the same question word (see sentence 3). When we report a ‘yes/no’ question, we use the word if (see sentence 4). When we report questions, we don’t use do/does/did or the question word order (see sentences 3 and 4). 2 4 Circle the correct verbs. 1 Sarah told me she wants / wanted to go to Australia, but it was too expensive. 2 We said we are visiting / were visiting friends when we went to Brazil. 3 My friends told me that they see /saw Brad Pitt in the town. 4 Joe said he is going / was going to text me today, but he didn’t. 5 Finn told us he doesn’t / didn’t like travelling until he went to Peru. 6 I said I am / was too busy to go out because I wanted to watch TV. 3 what how many 5 UNIT 12 Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions below. Two answers must be true and two answers must be a lie. 1 2 3 4 where 1 I asked him ............................... he was going to Australia for a long time. 2 They asked me ............................... my name was. 3 Amy asked him ............................... times he had been to London. 4 Tom asked me ............................... I lived. 5 We asked them ............................... they liked techno music. 6 Mum asked me ............................... she could borrow my phone. 118 1 ‘I want to go home.’ She said ............................... . 2 ‘Have you got any pets?’ I asked Joe ............................... . 3 ‘It’s going to rain.’ Mum said ............................... . 4 ‘Does your sister wear glasses?’ He asked me ............................... . Complete the sentences with the correct question word. if (x3) Report the sentences. 6 Where are you going at the weekend? What instruments can you play? What pets do you have? Which school subjects do you like best? Work with another pair. Take turns to report what your partner told you in exercise 5. The other people must guess if the answer was true or not. My partner said she was going to New York at the weekend. That’s not true! www.frenglish.ru Grammar Reflexive pronouns 7 Complete the sentences. Then check with the text on page 114. 1 He bought ................ a ticket for San Francisco. 2 They really enjoyed ................ . When the subject and the object of a verb are the same, we use reflexive pronouns as the object. We can also use reflexive pronouns if we want to emphasise something about the subject. For example: He didn’t have a teacher – he did it himself. 8 9 Complete the table. Subject pronouns Reflexive pronouns I myself you yourself she 1 he myself it 2 ....................................................... we 3 ....................................................... you (plural) yourselves they 4 ....................................................... Complete the sentences with the correct reflexive pronouns. 1 5 3 2 [a/w cartoon: a middle-aged couple looking miserable and standing alone at a party] ❯ ....................................................... [a/w cartoon: a man looking at himself in the mirror] 6 4 [a/w cartoon: an old man sitting alone in an armchair in a big empty room] 1 2 3 4 5 6 [a/w cartoon: a woman cutting her own hair] They are not enjoying ........................................... . He is looking at ....................................................... . I painted it ................................................................. . She cuts her hair ................................................... . We repaired it ......................................................... . Be careful, don’t hurt ........................................... . Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 12a www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 12 119 www.frenglish.ru Skills Reading 1 Read and complete the article with these phrases. a I thought to myself b comfortable and happy with yourself c we can’t stop ourselves d when we see someone for the first time e unless we spend a lot of time with them Be yourself! Here’s a photo of me. What kind of person do you think I am? Serious? Funny? Intelligent? Crazy? How do you know? Maybe you think, from looking at my clothes, that I’m a little bit serious and not much fun. Many people do at first, but they’re wrong! What do you think about the statements below? • All muscular men are stupid. • People over 40 don’t understand fashion. • All tall people are confident. • All good-looking people are nice. Of course, all these statements are ridiculous. But 1 ............................., we usually make a decision about what kind of person they are. We call this ‘judging someone by their appearance’. For example, last month, I met my friend’s new boyfriend. I immediately decided I didn’t like him. He had long dyed hair, old clothes, and didn’t smile at me. For a long time, 2 ..............................: ‘Why does my friend like him?’ He’s probably 2 UNIT 12 lazy, stupid and boring. But actually, after a few weeks, I got to know him a bit better. In fact, he studies at university and knows a lot of interesting things about films and music. The reason he didn’t smile at me was because he was a bit shy! He thought I was too elegant and probably too serious! This kind of thing happens to us all the time. We make judgments about others, and in return, they make judgments about us. We might try not to, but 3 .............................. . Secondly, many people are so worried about what other people think about them, that they try and change their appearance to make other people happy. My advice? Just be yourself. If you feel 5 ..............................., then that’s the most important thing. Don’t worry all the time about pleasing others. Although of course, this doesn’t mean you should go to a job interview with green hair and an old T-shirt! Read the article again. What does the writer think? Circle T (true) or F (false). 1 2 3 4 5 6 120 There are many things wrong with this. First, it’s impossible to really understand someone just by looking at them. Of course, we might be able to see how old they are, or what music they like (if they are wearing a special T-shirt, for instance). But we can never really know if that person is kind, honest or intelligent, 4 ............................... . Just because someone is wearing a suit and looks smart, it doesn’t mean we should trust them. All smart-looking people are intelligent. Her friend’s boyfriend is a nice guy. She doesn’t judge by appearances. It is usually OK to judge by appearances. People shouldn’t always do what other people want. It’s OK to go to a job interview in scruffy clothes. T/F T/F T/F T/F T/F T/F www.frenglish.ru Skills Listening 38 3 CD2 Listen to Jake, Harriet and Laura giving their opinion on ‘judging others by their appearance’. Who thinks … 1 a good appearance is very important? 2 it’s wrong to judge other people? 3 it’s hard not to judge other people? 38 4 CD2 Listen again. Complete the sentences below. Jake 1 I ............................... it when people judge me. 2 It doesn’t ............................... what you look like. Harriet 1 When I knew them ............................... , they weren’t so nice and friendly. 2 The more you get to know them, the more you ............................... how nice they are. Laura 1 People should try their ............................... to look good. 2 If I see someone who looks a bit ............................... , then I won’t speak to them. Writing A paragraph on my opinion 5 Read the paragraph below. What is the writer’s opinion on judging other people by their appearance? In my opinion, we shouldn’t judge other people by their appearance. But, it is very easy to do. For example, if we see someone who isn’t wearing fashionable clothes, then we might think that they are boring. However, our first opinions are often wrong. I think that we should get to know someone before making a decision about them. For instance, we should meet them a few times, or email them to find out about their hobbies, and their personality. 6 Look at the paragraph again. Which underlined phrases … in my opinion , ............................... 1 introduce an opinion? ............................... 2 contrast with another idea? ............................... , ............................... 3 introduce an example? ............................... , ............................... 7 Write a paragraph giving your opinion on one of the topics below. • • judging people by their appearance buying the latest fashions • • love at first sight how to be fashionable DVD Now watch The School Magazine Episode 6. DVD exercises at www.cambridge.org/elt/more ❯ Now do CYBER HOMEWORK 12b www.cambridge.org/elt/more UNIT 12 121 www.frenglish.ru CL I L History Transport Factfile No one knows exactly when the wheel or boats were invented, but archaeologists have found remains from about these dates. 50,000 BC boat 1 3,500 BC wheel 2 CD2 185 AD wheelbarrow Add three means of transport to each list: Land train 39 0 BC (Before Christ) or BCE (Before Common Era) means before year 0. AD (Anno Domini) or CE (Common Era) means after year 0. A decade is ten years. A century is one hundred years. A millennium is one thousand years. Sea ship Air plane Complete the timeline showing when these means of transport were invented. Then listen and check. space shuttle helicopter bicycle car steam train hovercraft 1783 hot air balloon 1802 steam ship 1827 1829 1867 motorbike 1879 electric train 1885 1903 plane 1909 1912 diesel train 1942 space rocket 1950 1961 manned spacecraft 1977 3 Answer the questions. 1 2 3 4 Which were invented first, diesel trains or electric trains? How many years ago was the hot air balloon invented? When did man first travel in space? How many years after the first bicycle was the motorbike invented? WEBQUEST Find out: How did immigrants from Latin America, Europe and Asia travel to the gold fields in California in the 1840s? How has international travel changed since then? 122 UNIT 12 ❯ Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for extra CLIL www.frenglish.ru Check your progress 6 1 5 Unscramble the environment words. 1 Some people don’t believe in cmalite genach. 2 Don’t throw your tertil on the street! 3 Goblab nimrawg is a serious problem. 4 There is always a ficratf maj in this city. 5 Try to lecyrec paper and glass. 6 Cars create too much looplunti. Complete the sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 He’s 45 – he’s m_ _ _ _ _-_ _ _ _. Her clothes are terrible and sc _ _ _ _ _ . He always wears sm _ _ _ suits. She has got b_ _ _ _ _ hair. He isn’t fat, but he’s very w_ _ _-b_ _ _ _. She always wears the latest clothes. She is f_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 6 Choose the correct word. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rewrite the questions into reported speech. I said / told you that I don’t like coffee. He told / said that he didn’t like her. They told / tells me they were leaving. She says / tells that she is happy. He tells / says us he is tired. We said / told we wanted to go home. 10 6 4 7 Complete the reported sentences. 1 ‘Take an aspirin and go to bed.’ The doctor told me....................... 2 ‘Please don’t play on the grass.’ Dad asked us....................... 3 ‘Can you help me with my homework?’ My sister wanted me....................... 4 ‘Don’t worry about your exams.’ Mum told me....................... 5 ‘Do you want to come to my house?’ I asked my friends....................... Complete the sentences with reflexive pronouns. 1 2 3 4 5 6 I fixed the computer ................ . Be careful, don’t cut ................! She cooked the dinner ................ . He is looking at ................ in the mirror. They are enjoying ................ at the party. We fell over and hurt ................ . 6 TOTAL 10 MY PROGRESS SO FAR IS... ❯ 6 1 ‘Do you like pizza?’ he asked me. He asked me ..................................................................................... 2 ‘Where do you go to school?’ she asked him. ..................................................................................... 3 ‘How much money is there?’ he asked me. ..................................................................................... 4 ‘Are you a teacher?’ they asked her. ..................................................................................... 5 ‘Have you got a car?’ we asked them. ..................................................................................... 6 3 Complete the reported speech. 1 She told me her mum ....................... (be) a teacher. 2 Tod said he ....................... (live) near me. 3 They said that they ....................... (like) ice cream. 4 He told them he ....................... (not have) any money. 5 The teacher told us we ....................... (can) open the window. 6 Holly said she ....................... (go) to Croatia on holiday this year. 6 2 Units 11 and 12 brilliant! Go to www.cambridge.org/elt/more for MORE! training quite good. 50 not great. CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 6 UNIT 12 123 www.frenglish.ru WORDLIST UNIT 1 approximately /əˈprɒksɪmətli/ Beefeater /ˈbiːfiːtə(r)/ Boston /ˈbɒstən/ Brighton /ˈbraɪtn/ to buy souvenirs /ˈbiːfiːtə(r)/ Commissioner /kəˈmɪʃənə(r)/ Crown Jewels /ˌkraʊn ˈdʒuː(ə)lz/ digital camera /ˌdɪdʒɪtl ˈkæmərə/ do you fancy /ˌdə jʊ ˈfænsi/ to drop off /tə ˌdrɒp ˈɒf/ dungeon /ˈdʌndʒən/ England /ˈɪŋglənd/ environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ ever /ˈevə(r)/ France /frɑːns/ Germany /ˈdʒɜːməni/ to go camping /tə ˌgəʊ ˈkæmpɪŋ/ to go hiking /tə ˌgəʊ ˈhaɪkɪŋ/ to go on holiday /tə ˌgəʊ ɒn ˈhɒlɪdeɪ/ to go sightseeing /tə ˌgəʊ ˈsaɪtsiːɪŋ/ to go to the beach /tə ˌgəʊ tə ðə ˈbiːtʃ/ headphones /ˈhedfəʊnz/ how about /ˌhaʊ əˈbaʊt/ Hyde Park /ˌhaɪd ˈpɑːk/ laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ London /ˈlʌndən/ London Dungeon /ˌlʌndən ˈdʌn(d)ʒ(ə)n/ Mayor /ˈmeə(r)/ mobile phone /ˌməʊbaɪl ˈfəʊn/ Montreal /ˌmɒntriˈɔːl/ MP3 player /ˌem ˌpiː ˈθriː ˌpleɪə(r)/ New York /ˌnjuː ˈjɔːk/ palmtop /ˈpɑːmtɒp/ Paris /ˈpærɪs/ Parisians /pəˈrɪziənz/ to pick up /tə ˌpɪk ˈʌp/ queue /kjuː/ Rome /rəʊm/ to send postcards /tə ˌsend ˈpəʊstkɑːdz/ smartphone /ˈsmɑːtfəʊn/ Spain /speɪn/ to stay in a hotel /tə ˌsteɪ ɪn ə həʊˈtel/ to stay with relatives /tə ˌsteɪ wɪð ˈrelətɪvz/ 114 24 WORDLIST to be stuck in /tə ˌbi ˈstʌk ɪn/ sunglasses /ˈsʌnglɑːsɪz/ tablet /ˈtæblət/ to take photographs /tə ˌteik ˈfəʊtəgrɑːfs/ the USA /ðə ˌjuː ˌes ˈeɪ/ Tower of London /ˌtaʊər əv ˈlʌndən/ torture /ˈtɔːtʃə/ Trafalgar Square /trəˌfælgə ˈskweə/ traffic jam /ˈtræfɪk dʒæm/ Vatican /ˈvætɪkən/ Vélib /ˈveɪlɪb/ wallet /ˈwɒlət/ what about /ˌwɒt əˈbaʊt/ what’s wrong /ˌwɒts ˈrɒŋ/ Windsor /ˈwɪnzə/ UNIT 2 3D /ˌθriː ˈdiː/ adventure /ədˈventʃə(r)/ alien /ˈeɪliən/ aluminium /ˌæljəˈmɪniəm/ app /æp/ baddie /ˈbadi/ biggest selling /ˌbɪgɪst ˈselɪŋ/ BMX bike /ˌbiː em ˈeks ˌbaɪk/ boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ box office /ˈbɒks ˌɒfɪs/ brake /breɪk/ brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ carbon fibre /ˌkɑːbən ˈfaɪbə(r)/ cartoon /kɑːˈtuːn/ cinema-goer /ˈsɪnəməˌgəʊə(r)/ comedy /ˈkɒmədi/ component /kəmˈpəʊnənt/ computer-generated /kəmˌpjuːtəˈdʒenəreɪtɪd/ cool /kuːl/ create /kriˈeɪt/ creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ cruiser bike /ˈkruːzə ˌbaɪk/ to destroy /tə dɪˈstrɔɪ/ dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsɔː(r)/ director /dəˈrektə(r)/ downhill /ˌdaʊnˈhɪl/ to download /tə ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/ electronic /ˌɪlekˈtrɒnɪk/ excellent /ˈeksələnt/ exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ feature /ˈfiːtʃə(r)/ film script /ˈfɪlm skrɪpt/ funny /ˈfʌni/ gadget /ˈgædʒɪt/ gear /gɪə(r)/ good-looking /ˌgʊdˈlʊkɪŋ/ heart rate /ˈhɑːt reɪt/ helmet /ˈhelmɪt/ high-tech /ˌhaɪˈtek/ horror /ˈhɒrə(r)/ IMAX /ˈaɪmæks/ influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ investigate /ɪnˈvestɪgeɪt/ iron /ˈaɪən/ Jamaica /dʒəˈmeɪkə/ Jaws /dʒɔːz/ Jurassic /ˌdʒəˈræsɪk/ manufacturing /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərɪŋ/ material /məˈtɪəriəl/ monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/ monster /ˈmɒnstə(r)/ mountain bike /ˈmaʊntɪn ˌbaɪk/ movie /ˈmuːvi/ pedal /ˈpedl/ Philadelphia /ˌfɪləˈdelfiə/ process /ˈprəʊses/ producer /preˈdjuːsə(r)/ racing car /ˈreɪsɪŋ kɑː(r)/ recommend /ˌrekəˈmend/ road bike /ˈrəʊd ˌbaɪk/ rubber /ˈrʌbə(r) scary /ˈskeəri/ science fiction /ˌsaɪəns ˈfɪkʃən/ series /ˈsɪəriz/ to be set in /tə bi ˈset ɪn/ to shift /tə ˈʃɪft/ space-age /ˈspeɪseɪdʒ/ special effects /ˌspeʃl ɪˈfekts/ speed /spiːd/ star /stɑː(r)/ steel /stiːl/ steep /stiːp/ tandem /ˈtændəm/ titanium /tɪˈteɪniəm/ touring bike /ˈtʊərɪŋ ˌbaɪk/ track event /ˈtræk ɪvent/ tyre /ˈtaɪə/ unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ violent /ˈvaɪələnt/ war /wɔː(r)/ to weigh /tə ˈweɪ/ western /ˈwestən/ wheel /wiːl/ wonderful /ˈwʌndəfl/ wood /wʊd/ UNIT 3 adventure /ædˈventʃə(r)/ Amazon /ˈæməzən/ Australia /ɒˈstreɪliə/ billionaire /ˌbɪljəˈneə(r)/ cabin /ˈkæbɪn/ canoeing /kəˈnuːɪŋ/ caving /ˈkeɪvɪŋ/ charity /ˈtʃærɪti/ China /ˈtʃaɪnə/ conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃən/ Egypt /ˈiːdʒɪpt/ Eiffel Tower /ˌaɪfl ˈtaʊə(r)/ elephant /ˈelɪfənt/ Europe /ˈjʊərəp/ field /fiːld/ forest /ˈfɒrɪst/ geocaching /ˈdʒiːəʊˌkæʃɪŋ/ Ghana /ˈgɑːnə/ giraffe /ˈdʒərɑːf/ guide book /ˈgaɪd bʊk/ hill /hɪl/ hot air balloon /ˌhɒt ˈeə bəˌluːn/ lake /leɪk/ Land Rover /ˈlænd ˌrəʊvə(r)/ lion /ˈlaɪən/ marathon /ˈmærəθən/ maximum /ˈmæksɪməm/ moon /muːn/ Morocco /məˈrɒkəʊ/ motorway /ˈməʊtəweɪ/ mountain /ˈmaʊntɪn/ mountain biking /ˈmaʊntɪn ˌbaɪkɪŋ/ Nairobi /naɪˈrəʊbi/ organic /ɔːˈgænɪk/ outdoor activities /ˌaʊtdɔːr ækˈtɪvɪtiz/ to post messages /tə ˌpəʊst ˈmesɪdʒɪz/ prefer /prɪˈfɜː(r)/ puffin /ˈpʌfɪn/ pyramid /ˈpɪrəmɪd/ rainforest /ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/ to raise money /tə ˌreɪz ˈmʌni/ ranger /ˈreɪndʒə(r)/ rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/ research /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ rhino /ˈraɪnəʊ/ rhinoceros /raɪˈnɒsərəs/ rock climbing /ˈrɒk ˌklaɪmɪŋ/ river /ˈrɪvə(r)/ rocket /ˈrɒkɪt/ to rough it /tə ˈrʌf ɪt/ safari /səˈfɑːri/ to sponsor /tə ˈspɒnsə(r)/ star /stɑː/ to take photos /tə ˌteɪk ˈfəʊtəʊz/ technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/ www.frenglish.ru temple /ˈtempl/ town /taʊn/ trekking /ˈtrekɪŋ/ to upload /tu ʌpˈləʊd/ valley /ˈvæli/ village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ voluntary /ˈvɒləntri/ volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ Wales /weɪlz/ wildlife /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ to work for free /tə ˌwɜːk fə ˈfriː/ zero gravity /ˌzɪərəʊ ˈgrævəti/ UNIT 4 Aquarius /əˈkweəriəs/ Aries /ˈeəriːz/ average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ backwards /ˈbækwədz/ bee /biː/ broccoli /ˈbrɒkəli/ busy /ˈbɪzi/ Cancer /ˈkænsə(r)/ canyon /ˈkænjən/ Capricorn /ˈkæprɪkɔːn/ channel /ˈtʃænl/ chute /ʃuːt/ cliff /klɪf/ desert /ˈdezət/ computer programmer /kəmˌpjuːtə ˈprəʊgræmə(r)/ to cross your fingers /tə ˌkrɒs jə ˈfɪŋgəz/ cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ dentist /ˈdentɪst/ determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ doctor /ˈdɒktə(r)/ drop /drɒp/ dynamic /daɪˈnæmɪk/ earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ electrician /ɪˌlekˈtrɪʃn/ energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ feature /ˈfiːtʃə(r)/ to fix /tə ˈfɪks/ flexible /ˈfleksəbl/ foreign /ˈfɒrən/ to form /tə ˈfɔːm/ fountain /ˈfaʊntən/ friendly /ˈfrendli/ Gemini /ˈdʒemɪnaɪ/ generous /ˈdʒenərəs/ geological /ˌdʒiəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ geothermal /ˌdʒiəʊˈθɜːml/ to get back /tə ˌget ˈbæk/ to get on /tə ˌget ˈɒn/ to get up /tə ˌget ˈʌp/ geyser /ˈgiːzə(r)/ grape /greɪp/ happy /ˈhæpi/ hard-working /ˌhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ healthy /ˈhelθi/ helpful /ˈhelpfl/ intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/ to kill /tə ˈkɪl/ Leo /ˈliːəʊ/ Libra /ˈliːbrə/ luck /lʌk/ magpie /ˈmægpaɪ/ mechanic /məˈkænɪk/ mud pool /ˈmʌd puːl/ nurse /nɜːs/ passionate /ˈpæʃənət/ perfect /ˈpɜːfekt/ Pisces /ˈpaɪsiːz/ police officer /pəˈliːs ˌɒfɪsə(r)/ positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ rainfall /ˈreɪnfɔːl/ relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ Romania /ruˈmeɪniə/ romantic /rəʊˈmæntɪk/ rude /ruːd/ to run away /tə ˌrʌn əˈweɪ/ Sagittarius /ˌsædʒɪˈteəriəs/ sales assistant /ˈseɪlz əˌsɪstənt/ Scorpio /ˈskɔːpiəʊ/ seed /siːd/ to shake /tə ˈʃeɪk/ to sit down /tə ˌsɪt ˈdaʊn/ snake /sneɪk/ to solve /tə ˈsɒlv/ spring /sprɪŋ/ strange /streɪndʒ/ sulphur /ˈsʌlfə(r)/ sum /sʌm/ superstition /ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃn/ superstitious /ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃəs/ Taurus /ˈtɔːrəs/ tectonic plate /tekˌtɒnɪk ˈpleɪt/ Thailand /ˈtaɪlænd/ tourist guide /ˈtʊərɪst ˌgaɪd/ to turn down /tə ˌtɜːn ˈdaʊn/ to turn on /tə ˌtɜːn ˈɒn/ typical /ˈtɪpɪkl/ Virgo /ˈvɜːgəʊ/ waiter /ˈweɪtə(r)/ to wake up /tə ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ writer /ˈraɪtə(r)/ UNIT 5 airport /ˈeəpɔːt/ aquarium /əˈkweəriəm/ arcade game /ɑːˈkeɪd geɪm/ architect /ˈɑːkɪtekt/ to arrive /tu əˈraɪv/ art gallery /ˈɑːt gæləri/ available /əˈveɪləbl/ balcony /ˈbælkəni/ beautiful /ˈbjuːtɪfl/ Brighton /ˈbraɪtn/ Budapest /ˌbjuːdəˈpest/ building /ˈbɪldɪŋ/ castle /ˈkɑːsl/ century /ˈsentʃəri/ cinema /ˈsɪnəmə/ colourful /ˈkʌləfl/ concert hall /ˈkɒnsət ˌhɔːl/ creature /ˈkriːtʃə(r)/ to date back /tə ˌdeɪt ˈbæk/ to design /tə dɪˈzaɪn/ display /dɪˈspleɪ/ to dub /tə ˈdʌb/ Dubai /dʊˈbaɪ/ electric /ɪˈlektrɪk/ engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ environmentally friendly /ɪnˌvaɪrənmentəli ˈfrendli/ exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/ exotic /ɪgˈzɒtɪk/ fairground /ˈfeəgraʊnd/ famous /ˈfeɪməs/ fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/ fountain /ˈfaʊntən/ giant /ˈdʒaɪənt/ hall /hɔːl/ horrible /ˈhɒrɪbl/ Hove /həʊv/ lane /leɪn/ to last /tə ˈlɑːst/ lively /ˈlaɪvli/ market /ˈmɑːkɪt/ megastore /ˈmegəstɔː(r)/ museum /mjuːˈziəm/ old-fashioned /ˌəʊldˈfæʃnd/ palace /ˈpæləs/ park /pɑːk/ path /pɑːθ/ pavilion /pəˈvɪliən/ pier /ˈpɪə(r)/ pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ railway /ˈreɪlweɪ/ ray /reɪ/ to rebuild /tə ˌriːˈbɪld/ to redesign /tə ˌriːdɪˈzaɪn/ River Danube /ˌrɪvə ˈdænjuːb/ River Thames /ˌrɪvə ˈtemz/ royal /ˈrɔɪəl/ Saudi Arabia /ˌsaʊdi əˈreɪbiə/ screen /skriːn/ to sell out /tə ˌsel ˈaʊt/ shark /ʃɑːk/ shopping mall /ˈʃɒpɪŋ mɔːl/ show /ʃəʊ/ sight /saɪt/ skyscraper /ˈskaɪskreɪpə(r)/ species /ˈspiːʃiːz/ statue /ˈstætjuː/ stream /striːm/ subtitled /ˈsʌbtaɪtld/ tearoom /ˈtiːrʊm/ that (pronoun) /ðæt/ theatre /ˈθɪətə(r)/ tunnel /ˈtʌnl/ turtle /ˈtɜːtl/ Underground /ˈʌndəgraʊnd/ unforgettable /ˌʌnfəˈgetəbl/ version /ˈvɜːʃn/ Victorian /ˈvɪktɔːriən/ walkway /ˈwɔːkweɪ/ which /wɪtʃ/ who /huː/ UNIT 6 abroad /əˈbrɔːd/ after that /ˌɑːftə ˈðæt/ aid /eɪd/ to allow /tu əˈlaʊ// awesome /ˈɔːsəm/ band /bænd/ BMX /ˌbiː em ˈeks/ blues /bluːz/ camcorder /ˈkæmkɔːdə(r)/ classical /ˈklæsɪkl/ college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ concert /ˈkɒnsət/ country /ˈkʌntri/ crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ crocodile /ˈkrɒkədaɪl/ dance /dɑːns/ dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ double bass /ˌdʌbl ˈbeɪs/ drums /drʌmz/ to dye /tə ˈdaɪ/ electric guitar /ɪˌlektrɪk gɪˈtɑː(r)/ electronic /ˌɪlekˈtrɒnɪk/ expert /ˈekspɜːt/ finally /ˈfaɪnəli/ first /fɜːst/ folk /fəʊk/ to go clubbing /tə ˌgəʊ ˈklʌbɪŋ/ gorilla /gəˈrɪlə/ government /ˈgʌvənmənt/ grizzly bear /ˌgrɪzli ˈbeə(r)/ guitar /giˈtɑː(r)/ to hang out /tə ˌhæŋ ˈaʊt// WORDLIST 125 www.frenglish.ru heavy metal /ˌhevi ˈmetl/ hip-hop /ˈhɪpˌhɒp/ hurricane /ˈhʌrɪkən/ to influence /tu ˈɪnfluəns/ island /ˈaɪlənd/ issue /ˈɪsjuː/ jazz /dʒæz/ lack /læk/ let /let/ loud /laʊd/ mark /mɑːk/ meeting /ˈmiːtɪŋ/ member /ˈmembə(r)/ music festival /ˈmjuːzɪk ˌfestɪvl/ next /nekst/ non-stop /ˌnɒn ˈstɒp/ opera /ˈɒprə/ overcrowded /ˌəʊvəˈkraʊdɪd/ panda /pændə/ parliament /ˈpɑːləmənt/ Philippines /ˈfɪlɪpiːnz/ piano /piˈænəʊ/ poor /pʊə(r)/ pop /pɒp/ Portuguese /ˌpɔːtʃʊˈgiːz/ practice /ˈpræktɪs / to practise /tə ˈpræktɪs/ professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ rap /ræp/ regional /ˈriːdʒənl/ reggae /ˈregeɪ/ rising /ˈraɪzɪŋ/ roller skating /ˈrəʊlə skeɪtɪŋ/ rupee /rʊˈpiː/ saxophone /ˈsæksəfəʊn/ shopkeeper /ˈʃɒpkiːpə(r)/ sound /saʊnd/ sumo wrestling /ˈsuːməʊ ˌreslɪŋ/ synthesizer /ˌsɪnθəˈsaɪzə(r)/ temperature /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/ vet /vet/ violin /ˌvaɪəˈlɪn/ to vote /tə ˈvəʊt/ washing-up /ˌwɒʃɪŋˈʌp/ wood /wʊd/ youth /juːθ/ yurt /jɜːt/ zoo /zuː/ UNIT 7 aluminium /ˌæljəˈmɪniəm/ coloured /ˈkʌləd/ consumption /kənˈsʌmpʃən/ copper /ˈkɒpə(r)/ 126 WORDLIST current /ˈkʌrənt/ energy-saving /ˈenədʒiˌseɪvɪŋ/ to get rid of /tə ˌget ˈrɪd əv/ glass /glɑːs/ gold /gəʊld/ ink /ɪŋk/ jewellery /ˈdʒuːəlri/ landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ lens /lenz/ light bulb /ˈlaɪt bʌlb/ motor oil /ˈməʊtər ɔɪl/ petrol pump /ˈpetrəl pʌmp/ petrol station /ˈpetrəl ˌsteɪʃn/ plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ to pollute /tə pəˈluːt// printer cartridge /ˈprɪntə ˌkɑːtrɪdʒ/ to recycle /tə ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ recycling bin /ˌriːˈsaɪklɪŋ bɪn/ to reduce /tə rɪˈdjuːs/ to repair /tə rɪˈpeə(r)/ to resell /tə ˌriːˈsel/ to reuse /tə ˌriːˈjuːz/ rubber /ˈrʌbə(r) rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ silver /ˈsɪlvə(r)/ solar panel /ˈsəʊlə ˌpænl/ solar power /ˈsəʊlə ˌpaʊə(r)/ steel /stiːl/ stove /stəʊv/ traffic cone /ˈtræfɪk kəʊn/ waste /weɪst/ watt /wɒt/ wind turbine /ˈwɪnd ˌtɜːbaɪn/ wood /wʊd/ wool /wʊl/ UNIT 8 astro turf /ˈæstrəʊtɜːf/ atom /ˈætəm/ to attach /tu əˈtætʃ/ avalanche /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/ battery /ˈbætri/ to block /tə ˈblɒk/ bumper /ˈbʌmpə(r)/ carbon /ˈkɑːbən/ chain /tʃeɪn/ chlorine /ˈklɔːriːn/ to cut up /tə ˌkʌt ˈʌp/ damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ death ray /ˈdeθ reɪ/ to destroy /tə dɪˈstrɔɪ/ difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ dishwasher /ˈdɪʃwɒʃə(r)/ drought /draʊt/ earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ effect /ɪˈfekt/ element /ˈelɪmənt/ enough /ɪˈnʌf/ to erupt /tu ɪˈrʌpt/ to evacuate /tu ɪˈvækjueɪt/ factfile /ˈfæktfaɪl/ fire /ˈfaɪə(r)/ fizzy drink /ˌfɪzi ˈdrɪŋk/ flood /flʌd/ frame /freɪm/ fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ to heat /tə ˈhiːt/ hurricane /ˈhʌrɪkən/ hydrogen /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/ incredible /ɪnˈkredəbl/ to invent /tu ɪnˈvent/ invention /ɪnˈvenʃən/ karaoke /ˌkæriˈəʊki/ keep away from /ˌkiːp əˈweɪ frəm/ lava /ˈlɑːvə/ lightning /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/ machine /məˈʃiːn/ magic /ˈmædʒɪk/ to melt /tə ˈmelt/ mud /mʌd/ mudslide /ˈmʌdslaɪd/ nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ nylon /ˈnaɪlɒn/ over the years /ˌəʊvə ðə ˈjɪəz/ oxygen /ˈɒksɪdʒən/ polyamide /ˌpɒliˈæmaɪd/ polyethylene /ˌpɒliˈeθəliːn/ polyethylene terephthalate /ˌpɒliˌeθəliːn təˈrefθəleɪt/ polypropylene /ˌpɒliˈprəʊpəliːn/ polystyrene /ˌpɒliˈstaɪriːn/ polyurethane /ˌpɒliˈjuːrəθeɪn/ poly vinyl chloride /ˌpɒli ˌvaɪnl ˈklɔːraɪd/ PVC /ˌpiː ˌviː ˈsiː/ remote control /rɪˌməʊt kənˈtrəʊl/ Richter scale /ˈrɪktə skeɪl/ robot /ˈrəʊbɒt/ sandwich /ˈsænwɪtʃ/ shape /ʃeɪp/ to shake /tə ˈʃeɪk/ to slide /tə ˈslaɪd/ smart /smɑːt/ spectacles /ˈspektəklz/ take-away /ˈteɪkəweɪ/ thermoplastic /ˌθɜːməʊˈplæstɪk/ thermosetting plastic /ˌθɜːməʊˌsetɪŋ ˈplæstɪk/ toothbrush /ˈtuːθbrʌʃ/ to touch /tə ˈtʌtʃ/ to trap /tə ˈtræp/ tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ volcano /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ vinyl /ˈvaɪnl/ wave /weɪv/ wire /ˈwaɪə(r)/ UNIT 9 to access /tu ˈækses/ advice /ədˈvaɪs/ anybody /ˈenibɒdi/ anyone /ˈeniwʌn/ anything /ˈeniθɪŋ/ babysitting /ˈbeɪbisɪtɪŋ/ banking /ˈbæŋkɪŋ/ carefully /ˈkeəfəli/ cheeky /ˈtʃiːki/ to connect /tə kəˈnekt/ to copy /tə ˈkɒpi/ detention /dɪˈtenʃən/ diary /ˈdaɪəri/ document /ˈdɒkjumənt/ DVD-R/W /ˌdiː viː ˌdiː ɑː ˈdʌbljuː/ everyone /ˈevriwʌn/ everything /ˈevriθɪŋ/ file /faɪl/ to get in trouble /tə ˌget ɪn ˈtrʌbl/ to ground /tə ˈgraʊnd/ image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/ immediately /ɪˈmiːdʒətli/ instantly /ˈɪnstəntli/ keyboard /ˈkiːbɔːd/ to laugh /tə ˈlɑːf/ mean /miːn/ memory stick /ˈmeməri stɪk/ monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/ mouse /maʊs/ nobody /ˈnəʊbɒdi/ no one /ˈnəʊ wʌn/ nothing /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ password /ˈpɑːswɜːd/ PIN /pɪn/ printer /ˈprɪntə(r)/ robbery /ˈrɒbəri/ to run away /tə ˌrʌn əˈweɪ/ scanner /ˈskænə(r)/ screen /skriːn/ secret /ˈsiːkrət/ serious /ˈsɪəriəs/ signal /ˈsɪgnəl/ social networking site /ˌsəʊʃl ˈnetwɜːkɪŋ ˌsaɪt/ someone /ˈsʌmwʌn/ something /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/ sound /saʊnd/ www.frenglish.ru speakers /ˈspiːkəz/ to store /tə ˈstɔː(r)/ study /ˈstʌdi/ suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ truth /truːθ/ to type /tə ˈtaɪp/ UFO /ˈjuːfəʊ/ upset /ʌpˈset/ wi-fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ worry /ˈwʌri/ UNIT 10 to add /tu ˈæd/ advantage /ædˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ allergic /əˈlɜːdʒɪk/ allergy /ˈælədʒi/ attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/ bacteria /bækˈtɪəriə/ bacterium /bækˈtɪəriəm/ blueberry /ˈbluːbəri/ to boil /tə ˈbɔɪl/ brain /breɪn/ cherry /ˈtʃeri/ cholera /ˈkɒlərə/ to chop /tə ˈtʃɒp/ contaminated /kənˈtæmɪneɪtɪd/ dairy product /ˈdeəri ˌprɒdʌkt/ to decay /tə dɪˈkeɪ/ diet /ˈdaɪət/ disease /dɪˈziːz/ fast-food /ˌfɑːst ˈfuːd/ flu /fluː/ fresh /freʃ/ to fry / tə ˈfraɪ/ fungi (plural) /ˈfʌŋgaɪ/ grape /greɪp/ grapefruit /ˈgreipfruːt/ to grill / tə ˈgrɪl/ healthy /ˈhelθi/ host /həʊst/ immune system /ɪˈmjuːn ˌsɪstəm/ infected /ɪnˈfektɪd/ infectious /ɪnˈfekʃəs/ influenza /ˌɪnfluˈenzə/ kiwi fruit /ˈkiːwiː fruːt/ malaria /məˈleəriə/ Mediterranean /ˌmedɪtəˈreɪniən/ melon /ˈmelən/ microbe /ˈmaɪkrəʊb/ microorganism /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈɔːgənɪzəm/ to mix /tə ˈmɪks/ mould /məʊld/ olive oil /ˌɒlɪv ˈɔɪl/ parasite /ˈpærəsaɪt/ to peel / tə ˈpiːl/ to prevent /tə prɪˈvent/ raspberry /ˈrɑːzbəri/ to reproduce /tə ˌriːprəˈdjuːs/ rod /rɒd/ runny nose /ˌrʌni ˈnəʊz/ to serve / tə ˈsɜːv/ salmonella /ˌsælməˈnelə/ sphere /sfɪə(r)/ spiral /ˈspaɪrəl/ to spread /tə ˈspred/ stir /tə ˈstɜː(r)/ strawberry /ˈstrɔːbəri/ to survive /tə səˈvaɪv/ sweet /swiːt/ to taste /tə ˈteɪst/ test /test/ tetanus /ˈtetənəs/ to transmit /tə trænzˈmɪt/ vegetarian /ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/ virus /ˈvaɪrəs/ visible /ˈvɪzəbl/ vitamin /ˈvɪtəmɪn/ waist line /ˈweɪst laɪn/ to water /tə ˈwɔːtə(r)/ UNIT 11 amphitheatre /ˈæmfɪθɪətə(r)/ battle /ˈbætl/ to carve /tə ˈkɑːv/ climate change /ˈklaɪmət ˌtʃeɪndʒ/ to discover /tə dɪsˈkʌvə(r)/ drama /ˈdrɑːmə/ electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ emperor /ˈempərə(r)/ empire /ˈempaɪə(r)/ enemy /ˈenəmi/ faraway /ˈfɑːrəweɪ/ to feed /tə ˈfiːd/ forest fire /ˌfɒrɪst ˈfaɪə(r)/ to generate /tə ˈdʒenəreɪt/ to give a lift /tə ˌgɪv ə ˈlɪft/ global warming /ˌgləʊbl ˈwɔːmɪŋ/ in memory of /ɪn ˈmeməri əv/ junk food /ˈdʒʌŋk fuːd/ leaflet /ˈliːflət/ to leave /tə ˈliːv/ to lend /tə ˈlend/ litter /ˈlɪtə(r)/ to marry /tə ˈmæri/ message /ˈmesɪdʒ/ off-grid /ˌɒf ˈgrɪd/ original /əˈrɪdʒənl/ originally /əˈrɪdʒənəli/ panorama /ˌpænəˈrɑːmə/ petition /pəˈtɪʃn/ petrol /ˈpetrəl/ to pick up /tə ˌpɪk ˈʌp/ to plan /tə ˈplæn/ planet /ˈplænɪt/ planner /ˈplænə(r)/ to plant /tə ˈplɑːnt/ pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ to power /tə ˈpaʊə(r)/ power station /ˈpaʊə ˌsteɪʃn/ to protect /tə prəˈtekt/ to protest /tə prəˈtest/ protest march /ˈprəʊtest ˌmɑːtʃ/ rainforest /ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/ to recycle /tə ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ to recharge /tə riːˈtʃɑːdʒ/ to refuse /tə rɪˈfjuːz/ rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ to sign /tə ˈsaɪn/ straightaway /ˌstreɪtəˈweɪ/ structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/ traffic jam /ˈtræfɪk ˌdʒæm/ to vote /tə ˈvəʊt/ wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/ UNIT 12 about /əˈbaʊt/ album /ˈælbəm/ appearance /əˈpɪərəns/ archaeologist /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/ bald /bɔːld/ blonde /blɒnd/ to borrow /tə ˈbɒrəʊ/ casual /ˈkæʒuəl/ century /ˈsentʃəri/ confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ curly /ˈkɜːli/ dark /dɑːk/ decade /ˈdekeɪd/ diesel /ˈdiːzl/ elegant /ˈelɪgənt/ fashionable /ˈfæʃnəbl/ glasses /ˈglɑːsɪz/ golden /ˈgəʊldən/ gold field /ˈgəʊld ˌfiːld/ good-looking /ˌgʊdˈlʊkɪŋ/ honest /ˈɒnɪst/ hovercraft /ˈhɒvəkrɑːft/ incredible /ɪnˈkredɪbl/ interesting /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ jewellery /ˈdʒuːəlri/ to judge /tə ˈdʒʌdʒ/ judgment /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/ kind /kaɪnd/ lazy /ˈleɪzi/ leather jacket /ˌleðə(r) ˈdʒækɪt// to look like /tə ˈlʊk laɪk/ to man /tə ˈmæn/ middle-aged /ˌmɪdlˈeɪdʒd/ millennium /mɪˈleniəm/ muscular /ˈmʌskjələ(r)/ partner /ˈpɑːtnə(r)/ to please /tə ˈpliːz/ pullover /ˈpʊləʊvə(r)/ quite /kwaɪt/ remains /rɪˈmeɪnz/ ridiculous /rɪˈdɪkjələs/ scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ scruffy /ˈskrʌfi/ short /ʃɔːt/ shy /ʃaɪ/ sight /saɪt/ skirt /skɜːt/ slim /slɪm/ smart /smɑːt/ space shuttle /ˈspeɪs ˌʃʌtl/ to spend time /tə ˌspend ˈtaɪm/ steam train /ˈstiːm ˌtreɪn/ straight /streɪt/ stupid /ˈstjuːpɪd/ stylish /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/ suit /suːt/ sweatshirt /ˈswetʃɜːt/ tall /tɔːl/ torn /tɔːn/ trainers /ˈtreɪnəz/ trousers /ˈtraʊzəz/ to trust /tə ˈtrʌst/ unless /ʌnˈles/ to wear /tə ˈweə(r)/ well-built /ˌwelˈbɪlt/ wheelbarrow /ˈwiːlbærəʊ/ young /jʌŋ/ WORDLIST 127 www.frenglish.ru CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS www.cambridge.org/elt HELBLING LANGUAGES www.helblinglanguages.com MORE! 2nd Edition Student’s Book 3 by Herbert Puchta & Jeff Stranks with G. Gerngross, C. Holzmann, P. Lewis Jones © Cambridge University Press and Helbling Languages 2014 (More was originally published by Helbling Languages © Helbling Languages 2006) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Publishers. First published 2014 Printed in Italy by L.E.G.O. S.p.A. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 9781107637375 MORE! 2nd Edition Student’s Book 3 ISBN 9781107665064 MORE! 2nd Edition Workbook 3 ISBN 9781107681286 MORE! 2nd Edition Teacher’s Book 3 ISBN 9781107663541 MORE! 2nd Edition Audio Set 3 (3 CDs) ISBN 9781107663350 MORE! 2nd Edition Testbuilder CD-ROM 3 ISBN 9781107656956 MORE! 2nd Edition Presentation Plus DVD-ROM Level 3 ISBN 9781107681941 MORE! 2nd Edition The School Magazine DVD The authors would like to thank: Oonagh Wade and Rosamund Cantalamessa for their expertise in working on the manuscripts, their useful suggestions for improvement, and the support we got from them. Lucia Astuti and Markus Spielmann, Helbling Languages, Frances Lowndes and James Dingle, Cambridge University Press, for their dedication to the project and innovative publishing vision. Our designers, Amanda Hockin, Greg Sweetnam, Barbara Prentiss and the team at Pixarte for their imaginative layouts. 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Dudzinscy p101 (espresso), studiogi p101 (pizza), Peeradach Rattanakoses p102, Steve Cukrov p105 (waste playground), pryzmat p105 (dumpsters), Mike Liu p105 (traffic jam), Val Thoermer p105 (wasting water), Hung Chung Chih p106 (air pollution), pornvit_v p106 (climate change), Wessel du Plooy p106 (litter), Andresr p106 (planet), Robin Kay p106 (forest), Jan Martin Will p106 (polar warming), romrf p106 (recycle), De Visu p106 (traffic jam), Maridav p106 (petrol), Rob Hainer p110 (Andy), Just2shutter p110 (Chantal), Songquan Deng p112 (the Great Wall), LaiQuocAnh p112 (Christ the Redeemer), meunierd p112 (Petra), saiko3p p112 (Tai Mahal), Lukasz Kurbiel p112 (Machu Picchu), Fabio Mancino Photography p112 (Colosseum), Jan-Dirk Hansen p112 (Chichen Itza), Jim Pruitt p113 (home with solar panels), Galyna Andrushko p114 (Joshua Tree National Park), Pius Lee p114 (San Francisco), s_bukley p115 (Rihanna; Ryan Gosling; Bruno Mars), Featureflash p115 (Obama), Helga Esteb p115 (Kristen Stewart), sagir p116 (sweatshirt), studio BM p116 (trousers), Yeko Photo Studio p116 (trainers), Charlotte Purdy p116 (glasses), Elnur p116 (leather jacket), Karkas p116 (pullover), pinkypills p116 (suit), Stephen Bonk p116 (shirt), ludmilafoto p116 (skirt), Sydneymills p117 (bald man), Fotoluminate LLC p117 (curly haired boy), bikeriderlondon p117 (curly haired woman), Eugenio Marongiu p117 (boy with bicycle), Simon Krzic p117 (man with beard), racorn p120 /Shutterstock.com; Wikimedia Commons Hassocks5489 p50 (Preston Park), Fadi El Benni p52 (Mecca Royal Hotel Clock Tower), Samuel Schmitt p52 (Ziggurat Pyramid), ingen uppgift p67 (Beatles), Chadwick, H. D. NARA National Archives and Records Administration p74 (San Francisco earthquake; burning of San Francisco), Napoleon Sarony p80 (Nikola Tesla, portrait), Dickenson V. Alley p80 (Tesla lightning machine), Monography oh Nikola Tesla Museum, Belgrad p80 (Tesla robot boat). Commissioned Photography & Production by Matt Devitt & Charlotte Macpherson pp4, 24, 44, 64, 84, 104. Illustrated by Michela Caputo, Oscar Celestini, Giovanni Giorgi Pierfranceschi, Emanuele Rosso Every effort has been made to trace the owners of any copyright material in this book. If notified, the publishers will be pleased to rectify any errors or omissions.