геминальные поверхностно

42
Структура и динамика молекулярных систем, 2007 г., Выпуск №1
ɍȾɄ 539.128
ȽȿɆɂɇȺɅɖɇɕȿ ɉɈȼȿɊɏɇɈɋɌɇɈ-ȺɄɌɂȼɇɕȿ ȼȿɓȿɋɌȼȺ:
ȾɂɇȺɆɂɑȿɋɄȺə ɋɌɊɍɄɌɍɊȺ ɇȺȾɆɈɅȿɄɍɅəɊɇɕɏ
ȺȽɊȿȽȺɌɈȼ. ɆȿɌɈȾ ɗɉɊ ɋɉɂɇɈȼɕɏ ɁɈɇȾɈȼ1
ȼɵɥɟɝɠɚɧɢɧɚ ɇ.ɇ., Ɇɢɪɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɚɹ Ⱥ.Ȼ.*, Ɂɭɟɜ ɘ.Ɏ., ɉɚɧɤɪɚɬɨɜ ȼ.Ⱥ.**
Ʉɚɡɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɛɢɨɯɢɦɢɢ ɢ ɛɢɨɮɢɡɢɤɢ Ʉɚɡɇɐ ɊȺɇ
*ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɯɢɦɢɢ ɢɦ. Ⱥ.ȿ.Ⱥɪɛɭɡɨɜɚ
Ʉɚɡɇɐ ɊȺɇ
Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɨɣ ɛɢɨɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ
Ɇɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɝɟɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɉȺȼ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ
ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɝɨɞɵ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɞɜɟ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɵɟ ɰɟɩɢ ɢ ɞɜɟ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɢɥɶɧɵɟ
ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ, ɤɨɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪɧɵɦ ɦɨɫɬɢɤɨɦ. Ɍɚɤɢɟ
ɉȺȼ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɧɢɡɤɢɦɢ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ
ɦɢɰɟɥɥɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɄɄɆ) ɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɚɸɬ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɟ
ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ ɮɚɡ, ɪɟɡɤɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɹɫɶ ɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɯ ɨɬ
ɨɞɧɨɰɟɩɨɱɟɱɧɵɯ ɉȺȼ. ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɗɉɊ ɫɩɢɧɨɜɵɯ ɡɨɧɞɨɜ
ɢɡɭɱɟɧɚ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɩɪɹɦɵɯ ɦɢɰɟɥɥ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ
ɚɥɤɢɥɚɦɦɨɧɢɣɧɵɦɢ ɝɟɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɉȺȼ (Ƚɟɦ-1-7) ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ
ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɦɨɫɬɢɤɚɦɢ.
+
+
Ƚɟɦ-1
[C12H25 (CH3)2 N (CH2)6 N (CH3)2 C12H25] Br 2 
+
+
[C12H25 (C2H5)2 N (CH2)n N (C2H5)2 (C12H25)] Br 2 n = 4, 6,8 Ƚɟɦ-2-4
C12H25
+
N
(CH2)n
+
N
C12H25
2 Br
_
n = 4, 6
Ƚɟɦ-5, 6
+
H
+
C12H25 (CH3)2 N (CH2)3 N (CH2)3 N(CH3)2 C12H25] Br 2 Ƚɟɦ-7
ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫ
ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɯɨɠɟɝɨ ɤɚɬɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɉȺȼ – ɞɨɞɟɰɢɥɩɢɪɢɞɢɧɢɣ ɛɪɨɦɢɞɚ
(ȾɞɉȻ), ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɨɞɧɭ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɭɸ ɰɟɩɶ.
1
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɨɧɞɚ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ (ɝɪɚɧɬ ʋ 05-03-33110).
Раздел 1
43
ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɜ ɛɵɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɟ
ɨɛɪɚɡɰɵ Ƚɟɦ-1-7, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɜɚɬɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ
ɞɢɚɦɢɧɨɜ ɞɨɞɟɰɢɥɛɪɨɦɢɞɨɦ, ɢ ȾɞɉȻ (Sigma), ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɣ ɨɤɨɥɨ 99%
ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ. ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɮɚɡɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧ ɛɭɮɟɪɧɵɣ
ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɬɟɬɪɚɛɨɪɚɬɚ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ, ɪɇ10.0. ɋɩɟɤɬɪɵ ɗɉɊ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɜ
ɩɪɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɉȺȼ 0.01Ɇ ɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ 250ɋ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ ɧɚ
ɪɚɞɢɨɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɬɪɟ Ɋɗ1306 (USSR). ɋɩɢɧɨɜɵɦɢ ɡɨɧɞɚɦɢ ɫɥɭɠɢɥɢ
ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ 5-ɞɨɤɫɢɥ ɫɬɟɚɪɢɧɨɜɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ (5-ȾɋɄ), ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ
ɚɦɮɢɮɢɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ. ɗɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɢɦ ɜɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ
ɦɟɠɮɚɡɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɣ ɦɢɰɟɥɥ, ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɩɚɪɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɣ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬ
ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɥɢɠɟ ɤ ɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɦɭ ɤɨɧɰɭ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ. Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ
ɫɩɢɧɨɜɵɯ ɡɨɧɞɨɜ ɜ ɦɢɰɟɥɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɵ, ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɜ ɗɉɊ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɵ ɜ [1].
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɢɯ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ.
Ɍɢɩ ɧɚɞɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɜ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɝɟɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ
ɉȺȼ, ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪɧɨɣ ɢ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ, ɞɥɢɧɵ
ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɵɯ ɰɟɩɟɣ. Ⱦɥɹ ɝɟɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɉȺȼ ɫ ɲɟɫɬɶɸ ɦɟɬɢɥɟɧɨɜɵɦɢ
ɡɜɟɧɶɹɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɜ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɹɦɵɯ ɦɢɰɟɥɥ. Ɏɨɪɦɚ ɦɢɰɟɥɥ ɩɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ
ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɉȺȼ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɨɬ ɫɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤ ɷɥɥɢɩɫɨɢɞɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɢ ɞɚɥɟɟ ɤ ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ [2]. ȼɢɞ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɜ ɗɉɊ ɫɩɢɧɨɜɵɯ ɡɨɧɞɨɜ 5ȾɋɄ ɜ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚɯ Ƚɟɦ-1-7 ɢ ȾȾɉȻ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɵɟ
ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ
ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɦɟɠɮɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ ɦɢɰɟɥɥ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ. ɋɩɟɤɬɪɵ ɗɉɊ,
ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ Ƚɟɦ-1, 3, 4, 6 ɢ ȾɞɉȻ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬ ɢɡ ɬɪɟɯ ɥɢɧɢɣ
ɫɜɟɪɯɬɨɧɤɨɣ
(ɋɌ)
ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ
ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ
ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ,
ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɨ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɦ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ !N x– O ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɡɨɧɞɚ
(WZA>>1, ɝɞɟ W - ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɢ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ, ZȺ – ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ
ɚɧɢɡɨɬɪɨɩɢɢ ɋɌ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɩɢɧɚ ɧɟɫɩɚɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɚ ɫ
ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɦ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɹɞɪɚ ɚɬɨɦɚ ɚɡɨɬɚ). ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɞɥɹ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɦɟɠɮɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ ɦɢɰɟɥɥ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɢ W, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɨɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɦɢɤɪɨɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɚɪɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɡɨɧɞɚ. ɋɩɟɤɬɪɵ ɗɉɊ,
ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɜ Ƚɟɦ-2, 5, 7 ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ, ɜ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɬɪɟɦ
ɥɢɧɢɹɦ ɋɌ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ, ɜɧɟɲɧɢɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɟ ɩɢɤɢ (ȼɒɉ). ɗɬɨ
ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɦ ɡɚɦɟɞɥɟɧɢɢ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ
ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɡɨɧɞɚ (W > 3·10-9 ɧɫ). ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɞɥɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ
ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɋɌ ɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚ ɗɉɊ, 2Amax, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɚ ɤ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɟ ɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
44
Структура и динамика молекулярных систем, 2007 г., Выпуск №1
ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɢɬɪɨɤɫɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ, ɱɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ
2Amax, ɬɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɟɧɨ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ !N x– O, ɱɬɨ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ
ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɉȺȼ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɷɬɨɣ
ɝɪɭɩɩɵ. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɡ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɜ ɗɉɊ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɟ
ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɦɢɰɟɥɥ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚɯ
Ƚɟɦ-1-7 ɢ ȾɞɉȻ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ Ɍɚɛɥ. 1.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ
1.
ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ,
ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ
ɢɡ
ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɜ
ɗɉɊ,
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɦɢɰɟɥɥ.
ɉȺȼ
2Amax, Ƚɫ
ɚN , Ƚɫ
W, ɧɫ
ȽȿɆ-1
1.89
ȽȿɆ-2
14.36
41.14
14.10
ȽȿɆ-3
1.99
13.98
ȽȿɆ-4
1.78
14.00
ȽȿɆ-5
ȽȿɆ-6
40.67
1.91
ȽȿɆ-7
ȾɞɉȻ
13.70
47.89
1.36
13.68
14.81
14.46
ɂɡ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɜ ɗɉɊ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ aN, ɢɡɨɬɪɨɩɧɨɝɨ
ɋɌ ɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ, ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɟɫɩɚɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɚ ɢ ɹɞɪɚ ɚɬɨɦɚ ɚɡɨɬɚ (Ɍɚɛɥ.
1). ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ aN ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɚ ɤ ɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ, ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ
ɩɚɪɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɣ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬ ɡɨɧɞɚ: ɪɨɫɬ ɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ
aN. ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɩɚɪɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚ
ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɦɢɰɟɥɥɵ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɛɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɨɞɵ
ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɵɯ ɰɟɩɟɣ.
ɂɡ Ɍɚɛɥ.1 ɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɦɟɬɢɥɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɜ
ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪɧɵɣ ɦɨɫɬɢɤ (Ƚɟɦ-2 oȽɟɦ-3 ɢ Ƚɟɦ-5oȽɟɦ-6) ɜ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɟ ɗɉɊ
ɢɫɱɟɡɚɸɬ ȼɒɉ, ɚ ɩɪɢ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪ ɟɳɟ ɩɚɪɵ ɦɟɬɢɥɟɧɨɜɵɯ
ɝɪɭɩɩ (Ƚɟɦ-3oȽɟɦ-4) ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ, W
ɫɩɢɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚ. ɗɬɨ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɫ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦ
ɞɥɢɧɵ ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɫɬɢɤɚ ɜ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɯ ɉȺȼ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɯ
ɭɝɥɟɜɨɞɨɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɨɜ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ. ɉɨ-ɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ, ɩɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ
ɞɥɢɧɵ ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪɚ ɭɝɥɟɜɨɞɨɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɰɟɩɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɉȺȼ ɪɚɡɞɜɢɝɚɸɬɫɹ,
ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɩɢɧɨɜɵɣ
ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬ. Ɍɚɤɨɟ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɟ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɭɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ [2],
Раздел 1
45
ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɦɚɥɨɭɝɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɢɹ ɧɟɣɬɪɨɧɨɜ ɛɵɥɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɵ
ɝɟɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɉȺȼ ɫ ɲɟɫɬɶɸ ɦɟɬɢɥɟɧɨɜɵɦɢ ɡɜɟɧɶɹɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɡɚɪɹɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɦɢ. Ȼɵɥɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ
ɉȺȼ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟ 0.01Ɇ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɦɢɰɟɥɥɵ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɮɨɪɦɭ
ɜɵɬɹɧɭɬɵɯ ɷɥɥɢɩɫɨɢɞɨɜ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪɧɚɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ
ɪɚɫɬɹɧɭɬɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ “ɳɟɥɢ” ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɵɦɢ ɰɟɩɹɦɢ.
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ Ɍɚɛɥ.1, ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ
ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɉȺȼ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ
ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɚɪɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɦɢɰɟɥɥ, ɧɨ
ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɧɚ
ɦɢɤɪɨɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɡɚɦɟɧɚ
ɦɟɬɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɥɶɧɭɸ (Ƚɟɦ-1oȽɟɦ-3) ɢɥɢ ɩɢɩɟɪɢɞɢɥɶɧɭɸ
(Ƚɟɦ-1oȽɟɦ-6),
ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ
ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɹ
ɞɥɹ
ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɜɨɞɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɶ ɦɢɰɟɥɥɵ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ
ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɯ ɗɉɊ ɤɚɤ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɚN.
ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪɧɵɣ ɦɨɫɬɢɤ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ –NH- (Ƚɟɦ-1oȽɟɦ-7)
ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɣ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɉȺȼ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ,
ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɣ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬ !N x– O ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɦɢɰɟɥɥ
(ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ ɜɨɡɪɨɫɲɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ 2Amax). ɗɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɛɵɬɶ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪɚ, ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɳɟɟ ɤ
ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɵɦɢ ɰɟɩɹɦɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɉȺȼ,
ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɪɚɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɩɢɧɨɜɵɟ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɵ. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ aN ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ
Ƚɟɦ-7, ɜɨɡɪɨɫɲɟɟ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚɦɢ,
ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɛ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ, ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ
ɝɪɭɩɩɭ
!N x– O. ɗɬɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞɧɵɯ
ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ –NH-ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ ɫɩɟɣɫɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɫɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɥɢɛɨ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɦɢ
ɜɨɞɵ, ɥɢɛɨ ɫɩɢɧɨɜɵɦ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɡɨɧɞɚ.
Ɇɢɰɟɥɥɵ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ȾɞɉȻ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɞɧɭ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɭɸ
ɰɟɩɶ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɵɯɥɨɣ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɨɣ ɢ, ɤɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ, ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ
ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɉȺȼ ɜ ɩɪɢɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɦ ɫɥɨɟ ɦɢɰɟɥɥɵ, ɱɟɦ ɟɝɨ
«ɞɜɭɯɜɨɫɬɧɵɟ» ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢ (Ɍɚɛɥ.1). Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɚ, ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨ «ɨɛɜɨɞɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ» ɷɬɢɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɦɢɰɟɥɥɵ ɞɥɹ
ȾɞɉȻ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɝɟɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɉȺȼ 1-6, ɨ ɱɟɦ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɬ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ aN.
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
1. Zuev Yu.F., Vylegzhanina N.N., Zakhartchenko N.L.// Appl.Magn.Reson.
2003.V.25,P.29-42.
2. Aswal V.K., De S., Goyal P.S., Bhattacharya S., Heenan R.K.// Phys.Rev.
E. 1998.V.57,P.776-783.